γραμμή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, ([[γράφω]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[stroke]] or [[line]] of a [[pen]], [[line]], as in [[mathematical]] [[figure]]s, γραμμῆς λόγος ὁ τῶν δύο Pythagorei ap.<span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1036b12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>82c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>509d</span>, etc.; [[περὶ ἀλόγων γραμμῶν]] = [[on incommensurable lines]], [[περὶ ἀλόγων γραμμῶν καὶ ναστῶν]] = [[on incommensurable lines and solids]] title of work by Democritus, [[περὶ ἀτόμων γραμμῶν]] = [[οn indivisible lines]], [[de lineis insecabilibus]], title of work ascribed to Arist.: hence [[γραμμαί]], [[αἱ]], [[astronomy]], AP9.344 (Leon.); also in forming letters, [[line]] traced by teacher, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>326d</span>; [[outline]], opp. [[σκιά]], Metop. ap. Stob.3.1.116, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.2.14.8</span>; ἡ ἐκτὸς γ. <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span>27.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> = [[βαλβίς]], [[line across the course]], [[starting-point]] or [[winning-point]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.118</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>483</span>; εὐθὺς ἀπὸ γ. <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>59.13</span>: metaph. of [[life]], πέλας γραμμῆς ἱκέσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>956</span>; ἐπ' ἄκραν ἥκομεν γ. κακῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>169</span>; ἡ ἐσχάτη τοῦ βίου γ. <span class="bibl">D.S.17.118</span>: hence, [[boundary-line]], [[edge]], dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>80</span>; [[cutting edge]] of a [[knife]], Gal.2.673. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[line]] or [[square on a chequer-board]]: hence [[proverb|prov.]], [[τὸν ἀπὸ γραμμᾶς κινεῖν λίθον]] = to [[move a piece from this line]], i. e. [[try one's last chance]], [[make a last ditch effort]] <span class="bibl">Theoc. 6.18</span> (usu. called ἡ [[ἱερά]] (sc. [[γραμμή]]), cf. [[ἱερός]]) [[αἱ γραμμαί]] = the [[board]] itself, <span class="bibl">Poll.9.99</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[διὰ γραμμῆς παίζειν]] = to [[play at tug-of-war]] ([[διελκυστίνδα]]), <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.153.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>181a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[ἡ μακρά]] (sc. [[γραμμή]]), v. [[τιμάω]] <span class="bibl">111.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> Medic., [[linea alba]], Gal.2.514. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ζέα]], <span class="title">Hippiatr.</span>1.</span>

|elrutext='''γραμμή:''' дор. [[γραμμά]] ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[черта]], [[линия]] ([[ὑφήγησις]] τῶν γραμμῶν Plat.; ἡ γ. στιγμὴ κινηθεῖσά, ''[[sc.]]'' ἐστιν Arst.; τῇ γραμμῇ τὸ [[τεῖχος]] ἀφορίζειν Plut.): ἡ μακρὰ (sc. γ.) Arph. длинная черта (которая проводилась на вотивной табличке судьей, голосовавшим за вынесение обвинительного приговора);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[очертания]], [[контур]] (ἡ περιγράφουσα γ. Polyb.; ''[[sc.]]'' τῆς εἰκόνος Luc.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[крайняя черта]], [[мета]] (в начале или в конце ристалища), старт или финиш Pind., Arph.;<br /><b class="num">4</b> перен. [[предел]], [[цель]] (γ. καὶ [[τέλος]] βίου Eur.);<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[средняя линия]] (в игре в перетяжки - поздн. [[διελκυστίνδα]] - которая велась двумя рядами детей, обращенными друг к другу лицом и разделенными чертой; игра состояла в том, что каждый из участников старался перетянуть на свою сторону того из противников, который приближался к черте): διὰ γραμμῆς παίζειν Plat. играть в перетяжки;<br /><b class="num">6</b> (в игре на разграфленной доске, тж. ἱερὰ γ.) «[[священная]]» (магистральная) линия (фигуры которой приберегались к концу партии): τὸν ἀπὸ γραμμᾶς κινεῖν λίθον погов. Theocr. вводить в игру последние резервы, т. е. рисковать последним.

|mdlsjtxt=[[γράφω]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> the [[stroke]] of a pen, a [[line]], Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> = [[βαλβίς]], the [[line]] [[across]] the [[course]], to [[mark]] the starting or [[winning]] [[post]], Ar.: metaph. of [[life]], Horace's ultima [[linea]] rerum, Eur.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> the [[middle]] [[line]] on a [[board]] (like our [[draught]]-[[board]]), also called ἡ [[ἱερά]], [[proverb]]., τὸν ἀπὸ γραμμῆς or ἀφ' ἱερᾶς κινεῖν λίθον to [[move]] one's man from [[this]] [[line]], i. e. try one's [[last]] [[chance]], Theocr.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> ἡ [[μακρά]] (sc. [[γραμμή]]), the [[long]] [[line]], i. e. the [[line]] of condemnation [[drawn]] by the dicast, Ar.