κεφαλή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[head]] of [[man]] or [[beast]], Hom. (v.infr.), Alc.15, etc.; once in A., ''Th.''525 (lyr.), once in S., ''Aj.''238 (anap.), also in E., ''Fr.''308 (anap.), ''Rh.''226 (lyr.), al.; ἄλλου οὐδενὸς ἐμψύχου κ. γεύσεται Αἰγυπτίων οὐδείς Hdt.2.39; <b class="b3">κεφαλῇ… μείζονες</b> [[tall]]er in [[stature]], Il.3.168; so <b class="b3">μείων… κεφαλήν</b> ib.193 Aristarch.: freq. with Preps.,<br><span class="bld">a</span> [[κατὰ κεφαλῆς]], Ep. [[κὰκ κεφαλῆς]], [[down over the head]], κόνιν… χεύατο κὰκ κεφαλῆς Il.18.24, cf. Od.8.85, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[κατὰ κεφαλήν]], Ep. [[κὰκ κεφαλήν]] = [[on the head]], Ἐρύλαον… βάλε πέτρῳ μέσσην κὰκ κεφαλήν Il.16.412, cf. 20.387, 475: in Prose, [[from above]], X.''HG''7.2.8: c.gen., [[above]], <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλὴν τινῶν γενέσθαι</b> ib.7.2.11; <b class="b3">τὸ κατὰ κεφαλὴν ὕδωρ</b>, of [[rain]] [[water]], Thphr. ''HP''4.10.7 (κεφαλὴν codd.), ''CP''6.18.10 ([[κεφαλῆς]]): in Archit., [[upright]], IG22.463.42; also, [[per head]], [[each person]] (cf. infr. 1.2), Arist.''Pol.''1272a14, [[LXX]] ''Ex.''16.16; κατὰ κεφαλὴν τῶν κωμητῶν ''PPetr.''2p.17 (iii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς]] = [[from head to foot]], Il.23.169; τὰ πράγματα ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κεφαλήν σοι πάντ' ἐρῶ Ar.''Pl.''650.<br><span class="bld">d</span> [[ἐπὶ κεφαλήν]] = [[head foremost]], [[ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν κατορύξαι]] = to [[bury]] [[head]] [[downwards]], Hdt.3.35; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ὠθέεσθαι</b> to be [[thrust]] [[headlong]], Id.7.136, cf. Hyp.''Fr.''251; ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν [[ὠθεῖν]] τινα ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου Pl.''R.''553b; ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν εἰς κόρακας ὦσον Men.''Sam.'' 138; εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κεφαλήὴ εἰς τὸ [[δικαστήριον]] [[βαδίζειν]] D.42.12; <b class="b3">οὐ βουλόμενος πολίτας ἄνδρας ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν εἰσπράττειν τὸν μισθόν</b> [[recklessly]], Hyp.''Lyc.''17; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρειν</b> [[carry]] [[on]] [[high]], in [[token]] of [[admiration]], Pl. ''R.''600d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> as the noblest part, [[periphrasis]] for the whole person, πολλὰς ἰφθίμους κ. Il.11.55, cf. Od.1.343, etc.; [[ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ]] = [[no less than myself]], Il.18.82; ἑᾷ κ. Pi.''O.''7.67; especially in [[salutation]], φίλη κ. Il.8.281, cf. 18.114; ἠθείη κ. 23.94; Ἄπολλον, ὦ δία κ. E.''Rh.''226 (lyr.): in Prose, Φαῖδρε, φίλη κ. Pl.''Phdr.''264a; τῆς θείας κ. Jul.''Or.'' 7.212a: in bad sense, ὦ κακαὶ κεφαλαί Hdt.3.29; ὦ μιαρὰ κ. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]'' 285: [[periphrasis]] in Prose, πεντακοσίας κεφαλὰς τῶν Ξέρξεω πολεμίων Hdt.9.99: in bad sense, ἡ μιαρὰ καὶ ἀναιδὴς αὕτη κ. D.21.117, cf. 18.153; ἡ κ. τῶν αὐτοῦ ''PRein.''57.8 (iv A.D.); <b class="b3">μεγάλη κ.</b> a great [[personage]], Vett. Val.74.7; cf. supr. ''1'' b fin.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[life]], ἐμῇ κ. περιδείδια Il.17.242; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτεισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσι 4.162; <b class="b3">παρθέμενοι κεφαλάς</b> staking their [[head]]s on the [[cast]], Od.2.237; <b class="b3">τὴν κ.</b> ἀποβαλέεις Hdt.8.65.<br><span class="bld">4</span> in [[imprecation]]s, <b class="b3">ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί</b> [[on my head be it]]! [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''833; ἐς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἅπαντα τὴν σὴν τρέψεται Id.''Nu.''40; ἃ σοὶ καὶ τοῖς σοῖς οἱ θεοὶ τρέψειαν εἰς κ. D.18.290; <b class="b3">ἐς κ. σοί</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[τράποιτο]]) Ar.''Pax''1063, ''Pl.''526; σοὶ εἰς κ. Pl.''Euthd.''283e; τὰ μὲν πρότερον… ἐγὼ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξας φέρω Hdt.1.155; οἷς ἂν… τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀναθεῖεν D.18.294; τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν ὑμῶν ''Act.Ap.'' 18.6.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of things, [[extremity]],<br><span class="bld">a</span> in Botany, [[κεφαλὴ σκορόδου]] = [[head]] ( = [[inflorescence]]) of [[garlic]], Ar.''Pl.''718, cf. Plb.12.6.4; κ. μήκωνος Thphr.''HP''9.8.2; <b class="b3">ῥίζα κ. ἔχουσα πλείονας</b> [[tuber]]s, Dsc.3.120.<br><span class="bld">b</span> in Anatomy, <b class="b3">κεφαλαὶ τῆς κάτω γνάθου</b>, prob. the condyloid and coronoid processes, Hp.''Art.''30; <b class="b3">ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ ὄρχεως</b>, = [[ἐπιδιδυμίς]], Arist.''HA''510a14, cf. Gal.4.565; <b class="b3">κεφαλὴ μηροῦ, κεφαλὴ κνήμης κ.</b>, Poll.2.186, 188; of the [[base]] of the heart, Gal.''UP''6.16; but, [[apex]], Hp.''Cord.''7; of the [[sac]] in [[poulp]]s, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''654a23, 685a5; of [[muscle]]s, [[origin]], Gal.''UP''7.14.<br><span class="bld">c</span> generally, [[top]], [[brim]] of a [[vessel]], Theoc.8.87; [[coping]] of a [[wall]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.3.68; [[capital]] of a [[column]], ''CIG''2782.31 (Aphrodisias), [[LXX]] ''3 Ki.''7.16, Poll.7.121.<br><span class="bld">d</span> in plural, [[source]] of a [[river]], Hdt.4.91 (but sg., [[mouth]], οἶδα Γέλα ποταμοῦ κεφαλῇ ἐπικείμενον ἄστυ Call.''Aet.Oxy.''2080.48): generally, [[source]], [[origin]], <b class="b3">Ζεὺς κ.</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ἀρχή]]) <b class="b3">, Ζεὺς μέσσα, Διὸς δ' ἒκ πάντα τελεῖται τέτυκται</b> codd.) Orph.''Fr.''21a; [[starting-point]], κ. χρόνου ''[[Placita Philosophorum|Placit.]]'' 2.32.2 ([[κρόνου]] codd.), Lyd.''Mens.''3.4; <b class="b3">κεφαλὴ μηνός</b> ib.12.<br><span class="bld">e</span> [[extremity]] of a [[plot]] of [[land]], ''PPetr.''3p.72 (iii B.C.), ''PFlor.''50.83 (iii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">Ὁμηρείη κεφαλή</b> [[bust]] of [[Homer]], ''IG''14.1183.10.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> κεφαλὴ [[περίθετος]] = [[wig]], [[headdress]], Ar.''Th.''258.<br><span class="bld">V</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κεφαλὴ δείπνου</b> [[pièce de résistance]], Alex. 172.15.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[crown]], [[completion]], κεφαλὴν ἐπιθεῖναι Pl.''Ti.''69b; ὥσπερ κ. ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις Id.''Phlb.''66d, cf. ''Grg.''505d; ὥσπερ κεφαλὴν ἔχουσα ἐπιστήμη [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1141a19; [[consummation]], σχεῖν κ. Pl.''Ti.''39d.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[sum]], [[total]], πάσας ἐρρηγείας ''Tab.Heracl.''1.36; of [[money]], ''IG''12(9).7 (Carystus, iv B. C.), ''SIG''245ii 36 (Delph., iv B. C.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[band]] of men, [[LXX]] ''Jb.''1.17; [[right]]-[[hand]] [[half]] of a [[phalanx]] (opp. [[οὐρά]]), Arr.''Tact.''8.3, Ael.''Tact.''7.3.<br><span class="bld">5</span> Astron., <b class="b3">κεφαλὴ τοῦ κόσμου</b>, of [[Aries]], Heph.Astr.1.1. (ghebh-, cf. [[κεβλή]] and Engl. [[gable]].)