γενναῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=α, ον, also ος, ον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>592</span>: (γέννα):—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[true to one's birth]] or [[descent]] (εὐγενὲς μέν ἐστι τὸ ἐξ ἀγαθοῦ γένους, γενναῖον δὲ τὸ μὴ ἐξιστάμενον ἐκ τῆς αὑτοῦ φύσεως <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>488b19</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1390b22</span>), οὔ μοι γενναῖον ἀλυσκάζοντι μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.253</span> (nowhere else in Hom.); γενναῖον δέ σοι ταχέως ὑπακούειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>28</span> D.: hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of persons, [[high-born]], [[noble]], <span class="bibl">Archil.107</span>, etc.; τέκνα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.173</span>; ὦ γονῇ γενναῖε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1469</span>; ἐσθλοὺς ἔκ τε γενναίων γεγῶτας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>107.3</span>; γενναῖός τις ἑπτὰ πάππους ἔχων ἀποφῆναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174e</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ γ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">οἱ ἀγεννεῖς</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1296b22</span>; so of animals, [[well-bred]], σκύλαξ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 375a</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.15</span>; opp. [[ἀγεννής]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>558b16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[noble in mind]], [[high-minded]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.140</span> (Sup.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>129</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">τὸ γ</b>., = [[γενναιότης]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span> 569</span>; of actions, [[noble]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.37</span>; λῆμα γ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.44</span>; τλάσας τὸ γ. <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>1640</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>624</span>; <b class="b3">γ. ἔπος, λόγοι, πόνοι</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1402</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 537</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>357</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> as a form of polite speech, <b class="b3">γενναῖος εἶ</b> you are [[very good]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>220</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ὦ γενναῖε</b>, common form of address in Pl., as <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>494e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>801</span>; ironical, <span class="bibl">D.H.7.46</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of things, [[good of their kind]], [[excellent]], μέλος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>281.5</span>; [[σταφυλή]], [[σῦκα]], <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>844e</span>; <b class="b3">γενναίου… ἄξιον οὐθενός</b> of no [[great]] use, <span class="bibl">Ath.Mech.31.2</span>; ironical, γένει γ. σοφιστική <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>231b</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">1.1</span>), etc.; [[genuine]], [[intense]], δύη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>938</span>, etc.; [[violent]], σεισμός <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>6.38</span>; θάλπη <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Or.</span> 2.101d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">γενναῖον· τὸ τῆς γενέσεως ἀρχηγόν</b>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. <b class="b3">-αίως</b> [[nobly]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.139</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span> 196b</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.672</span>; ὅρκος, πῆγμα γ. παγέν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1198</span>; ironical, μάλα γ. ἐπιλαθόμενον ὧν εὖ πάθοι <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Or.</span>3.125c</span>: Comp. -οτέρως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>166c</span>, <span class="bibl">Ps.-Callisth. 1.38</span>: Sup. -ότατα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>657</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> irreg. Sup. γενναιέστατος <span class="bibl">Dinol. 10</span>.</span>

|dgtxt=-α, -ον<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [-ος, -ον E.<i>Hec</i>.592; sup. γενναιέστατον Dinol.12]<br /><b class="num">I</b> rel. la nobleza de sangre<br /><b class="num">1</b> de pers. [[noble de nacimiento]], [[de noble estirpe]], [[linajudo]] ὦ γονῇ γενναῖε S.<i>OT</i> 1469, [[γενναῖα]] τὰ τέκνα νενόμισται Hdt.1.173, cf. Hp.<i>Aër</i>.14, 22, Pl.<i>Tht</i>.174e<br /><b class="num">•</b> irón. en el [[proverb|prov.]] γ. εἶ ἐκ βαλαντίου ref. a los nuevos ricos, Zen.2.88<br /><b class="num">•</b> frec. como subst. ὦ γενέθλα γενναίων S.<i>El</i>.128, cf. E.<i>El</i>.26, οἱ παραδυναστεύοντες καὶ γενναῖοι Ὀδρυσῶν Th.2.97, de los héroes, Corn.<i>ND</i> 31, como estamento social op. οἱ ἀγεννεῖς Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1296^b22, οἵ γε μὴν [[τήν]] τε φύσιν γενναῖοι op. οἱ ἀγελαῖοι Aristid.Quint.84.18<br /><b class="num">•</b> de anim. [[de pura raza]] o simpl. [[de raza]] πάρελθε, γ. γὰρ εἶ (dice la zorra al ciervo), Archil.51, [[σκύλαξ]] Pl.<i>R</i>.375a, X.<i>Cyr</i>.1.4.15, [[ἵππος]] Plb.13.8.3, αἱ ἀλεκτορίδες Arist.<i>HA</i> 558^b15, cf. 488^b17, D.Chr.15.30.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de pers., ref. a su comportamiento [[de conducta noble]], [[bien nacido]], [[gallardo]] ὦ γενναῖε Filoctetes a Neoptólemo, S.<i>Ph</i>.801, ὦ γενναιότατε [[ἀνδρῶν]] Hdt.3.140, γενναίας ἀλόχοιο ref. a Alcestis, E.<i>Supp</i>.1030, cf. <i>Alc</i>.742, <i>Hec</i>.592, ἄνδρα ἁπλοῦν καὶ γενναῖον = <i>un hombre sencillo y de conducta noble</i> Pl.<i>R</i>.361b, γενναῖοι καὶ μεγαλόφρονες Plb.18.37.7, cf. 6.48.3, Numen.25.33, ὁ γ. περὶ σοφίαν καὶ [[φιλίαν]] Epicur.<i>Sent.Vat</i>.[6] 78, ὁ δὲ γ. Ιουδας [[LXX]] 2<i>Ma</i>.12.42, γ. [[ἀθλητής]] [[LXX]] 4<i>Ma</i>.6.10, de Moisés, 1<i>Ep.Clem</i>.54.1, ἐς δὲ πραγμάτων διοίκησιν γ. Hdn.2.9.2, como fórmula de cortesía γ. εἶ eres muy amable</i> Ar.<i>Th</i>.220, en Pl. frec. como mera fórmula de tratamiento ὦ γενναῖε Pl.<i>Grg</i>.494e<br /><b class="num">•</b> subst. τὸ γ. [[nobleza]], [[gallardía]] S.<i>OC</i> 569, Plb.2.55.9, Phld.<i>Mus</i>.4.7.8<br /><b class="num">•</b> neutr. sup. como adv. [[animosa]], [[valientemente]] γενναιότατ' ὠθεῖτε E.<i>Cyc</i>.656.<br /><b class="num">3</b> de las acciones, cualidades y palabras del [[γενναῖος]] [[noble]], [[valeroso]], [[generoso]] [[λῆμα]] Pi.<i>P</i>.8.44, [[ἔργον]] τλᾶσα γενναῖον [[τόδε]] E.<i>Alc</i>.624, πόνοι E.<i>HF</i> 357, [[ἔπος]] S.<i>Ph</i>.1402, cf. S.<i>El</i>.287, E.<i>Heracl</i>.537, τὰ [[γενναῖα]] ὑποδείγματα de los mártires, 1<i>Ep.Clem</i>.5.1, αἱ ἐπιβολαί Vett.Val.408.23, πρὸς ἀρετὴν ... γενναῖον Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.89<br /><b class="num">•</b> γενναῖον (<i>[[sc.]]</i> [[ἐστί]]) c. inf. οὐ [[γάρ]] μοι γενναῖον ἀλυσκάζοντι μάχεσθαι = <i>pues no está en mi nobleza natural rehuir la lucha, e.e. no lo llevo en la sangre</i>, <i>Il</i>.5.253, γενναῖον δέ [[σοι]] [[ταχέως]] ὑπακούειν en parod. cóm. ref. a un esclavo, Ar.<i>Fr</i>.591.90, τὰ [[κάλλιστα]] ... καὶ γενναιότατα [[ἡμῖν]] ἦν ... εὐδοκιμέειν Hdt.1.37<br /><b class="num">•</b> subst. τὸ γ. [[la entereza]] de los mártires <i>Mart.Pol</i>.2.2.<br /><b class="num">II</b> sin rel. c. la nobleza, más frec. de cosa<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[genuino]] γ. δὲ τὸ μὴ ἐξιστάμενον ἐκ τῆς [[αὑτοῦ]] φύσεως Arist.<i>HA</i> 488^b19, cf. γενναῖον· τὸ τῆς γενέσεως ἀρχηγόν Hsch.<br /><b class="num">•</b> de ahí [[superior]], [[excelente]], ref. a lo que es fiel a su origen y esencia [[lo mejor]] τὸ γ. [[μέλος]] (Βορέα) = <i>la excelente canción (de Bóreas), e.e., un viento muy violento</i>, A.<i>Fr</i>.281.5, σεισμὸς γ. = <i>un violentísimo terremoto</i> Philostr.<i>VA</i> 6.38, γ. [[δύη]] = <i>un intenso dolor</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.938, θάλπη τὰ [[γενναῖα]] = <i>calores intensísimos</i> Iul.<i>Or</i>.3.101d, γενναίου δὲ [[τοῦτο]] ἄξιον οὐθενός = <i>esto no es de ninguna utilidad</i> Ath.Mech.31.2<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[en su punto]] [[μάζα]] γ. Pl.<i>R</i>.372b<br /><b class="num">•</b> de frutos [[en sazón]] [[σταφυλή]], σύκα Pl.<i>Lg</i>.844e, καρποί D.18.309<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[fecundo]] [[χώρα]] Plb.4.45.7<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[abundante]] [[πώγων]] γ. = <i>una barba muy poblada</i> Plu.<i>Lys</i>.1<br /><b class="num">•</b> neutr. como adv. [[potentísimamente]] βρυχησάμενοι γενναῖόν τε καὶ διάτορον del rugido del león, Ael.<i>NA</i> 9.1.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de pers. [[en la plenitud]], [[en la madurez]] [[γυνή]] op. [[παρθένος]] Arist.<i>Pr</i>.894^b32<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[bueno]] τῶν φιλοσόφων οἱ γενναῖοι = <i>los filósofos de verdad</i>, los buenos filósofos</i> Phld.<i>Ir</i>.3.21, irón. ἡ γένει γ. σοφιστική Pl.<i>Sph</i>.231b.<br /><b class="num">III</b> adv. [[γενναίως]]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[noble]], [[gallardamente]] [[ἀπέθανον]] γ. = <i>murieron noblemente</i> Hdt.7.139, cf. Th.2.41, Plb.3.115.5, πολεμεῖν γ. Ps.Callisth.1.38B<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[con entereza]] γ. ὑποφέρειν Plb.6.2.6, cf. Themist.<i>Ep</i>.13.1, 3, Men.<i>Fr</i>.633, Hierocl.<i>Facet</i>.119, <i>BGU</i> 801.5 (II d.C.), Vett.Val.157.14<br /><b class="num">•</b> [[con honradez]] γ. ὁμολογεῖν = <i>reconocer noble, honradamente</i> Pl.<i>La</i>.196b, ἔμεινε γ. ἐν ταῖς ... ἐπιβολαῖς Plb.2.23.2, [[μάλα]] γ. ἐπιλαθόμενον ὧν εὖ πάθοι irón., Iul.<i>Or</i>.2.125c.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[genuina]], [[auténticamente]], [[plenamente]] ὅρκου [[πῆγμα]] γ. [[παγέν]] A.<i>A</i>.1198, cf. E.<i>Io</i> 935, Pl.<i>Tht</i>.209e.