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τιμοκρατία: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=timokratia | |Transliteration C=timokratia | ||
|Beta Code=timokrati/a | |Beta Code=timokrati/a | ||
|Definition=ἡ, < | |Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[state in which the love of honour is the ruling principle]], expld. by Pl. as <b class="b3">ἡ φιλότιμος πολιτεία</b>. ''R.''545b; cf. [[τιμαρχία]].<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[state]] in which honours are distributed according to a [[rating]] of [[property]], [[timocracy]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1160a36,b17. | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1116.png Seite 1116]] ἡ, bei Plat. Rep. VIII, 545 c u. öfter, ein Staat, dessen Grundlage die Ehre ist; bei Arist. eth. 8, 10 ein Staat, in welchem die Aemter u. Ehrenstellen nach der Schätzung des Vermögens, nach dem Census vertheilt werden. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1116.png Seite 1116]] ἡ, bei Plat. Rep. VIII, 545 c u. öfter, ein Staat, dessen Grundlage die Ehre ist; bei Arist. eth. 8, 10 ein Staat, in welchem die Aemter u. Ehrenstellen nach der Schätzung des Vermögens, nach dem Census vertheilt werden. | ||
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{{bailly | |||
|btext=ας (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[État dans lequel l'amour des honneurs est le principal mobile]];<br /><b>2</b> [[État où le pouvoir appartient aux citoyens possesseurs d'un certain revenu]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[τιμή]], [[κρατέω]]. | |||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''τῑμοκρᾰτία:''' ἡ [[тимократия]]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[государство]], [[власть в котором принадлежит наиболее уважаемым гражданам]] Plat.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[государство]], [[в котором власть принадлежит гражданам с высоким имущественным цензом]] Arst. | |||
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{{ls | {{ls | ||
|lstext='''τῑμοκρᾰτία''': ἡ [[πολιτεία]] ἐν ᾗ ἡ πρὸς τὴν τιμὴν [[ἀγάπη]] [[εἶναι]] ἡ διοικοῦσα [[ἀρχή]], ἑρμηνεύεται δὲ παρὰ Πλάτ. ὡς, ἡ [[φιλότιμος]] [[πολιτεία]], Πολ. 545Β, πρβλ. [[τιμαρχία]]. ΙΙ. [[πολίτευμα]], καθ’ ὃ τὰ ἀξιώματα διανέμονται [[ἀναλόγως]] πρὸς τὴν διατίμησιν τῆς περιουσίας, κατὰ τὸν Ἀριστ. ἐν Ἠθικ. Νικ. 8. 10, 1 καὶ 3, = ἡ ἐκ τιμημάτων [[πολιτεία]], ἣν ὁ Πλάτ. (Πολ. 550C) καλεῖ ὀλιγαρχίαν, ὁ δὲ Ξεν. (Ἀπομν. 4. 6, 12) πλουτοκρατίαν. | |lstext='''τῑμοκρᾰτία''': ἡ [[πολιτεία]] ἐν ᾗ ἡ πρὸς τὴν τιμὴν [[ἀγάπη]] [[εἶναι]] ἡ διοικοῦσα [[ἀρχή]], ἑρμηνεύεται δὲ παρὰ Πλάτ. ὡς, ἡ [[φιλότιμος]] [[πολιτεία]], Πολ. 545Β, πρβλ. [[τιμαρχία]]. ΙΙ. [[πολίτευμα]], καθ’ ὃ τὰ ἀξιώματα διανέμονται [[ἀναλόγως]] πρὸς τὴν διατίμησιν τῆς περιουσίας, κατὰ τὸν Ἀριστ. ἐν Ἠθικ. Νικ. 8. 10, 1 καὶ 3, = ἡ ἐκ τιμημάτων [[πολιτεία]], ἣν ὁ Πλάτ. (Πολ. 550C) καλεῖ ὀλιγαρχίαν, ὁ δὲ Ξεν. (Ἀπομν. 4. 6, 12) πλουτοκρατίαν. | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
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|lsmtext='''τῑμοκρᾰτία:''' ἡ ([[κρατέω]])·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> πολιτειακό [[σύστημα]] στο οποίο η [[περιουσία]] είναι [[κριτήριο]] εξουσίας και τα αξιώματα κατανέμονται βάσει αυτής, σε Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[πολιτεία]] στην οποία άρχει η [[αγάπη]] για τα αξιώματα, σε Αριστ. | |lsmtext='''τῑμοκρᾰτία:''' ἡ ([[κρατέω]])·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> πολιτειακό [[σύστημα]] στο οποίο η [[περιουσία]] είναι [[κριτήριο]] εξουσίας και τα αξιώματα κατανέμονται βάσει αυτής, σε Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[πολιτεία]] στην οποία άρχει η [[αγάπη]] για τα αξιώματα, σε Αριστ. | ||
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{{ | {{mdlsj | ||
| | |mdlsjtxt=τῑμο-κρᾰτία, ἡ, [[κρατέω]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> a [[state]] in [[which]] the [[love]] of [[honour]] is the [[ruling]] [[principle]], Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> a [[state]] in [[which]] honours are distributed according to [[property]], [[timocracy]], Arist. | ||
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{{wkpen | |||
|wketx=A [[timocracy]] (from Greek [[τιμή]] timē, "honor, worth" and -κρατία -kratia, "rule") in Aristotle's Politics is a state where only property owners may participate in government. The more extreme forms of timocracy, where power derives entirely from wealth with no regard for social or civic responsibility, may shift in their form and become a plutocracy where the wealthy rule. | |||
In The Republic, Plato describes five regimes (of which four are unjust). Timocracy (Book VIII, 545 B - 550 B) is listed as the first "unjust" regime. Aristocracy degenerates into timocracy when, due to miscalculation on the part of its governed class, the next generation of guardians and auxiliaries includes persons of an inferior nature (the persons with souls made of iron or bronze, as opposed to the ideal guardians and auxiliaries, who have souls made of gold and silver). A timocracy, in choosing its leaders, is "inclining rather to the more high-spirited and simple-minded type, who are better suited for war". The city-state of Sparta provided Plato with a real-world model for this form of government. Modern observers might describe Sparta as a totalitarian or one-party state, although the details we know of its society come almost exclusively from Sparta's enemies. The idea of militarism-stratocracy accurately reflects the fundamental values of Spartan society. The only one of Plato's five regimes that he does seem fit to govern is aristocracy, the four other regimes (including Timocracy) are unjust according to Plato. The unjust regimes in Plato's work refer to governing that lead to chaos and ultimately corruption. | |||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[timocracy]]=== | |||
Chinese Mandarin: 勛閥政治／勋阀政治; Czech: timokracie; French: [[timocratie]]; German: [[Timokratie]]; Greek: [[τιμοκρατία]]; Ancient Greek: [[τιμοκρατία]]; Italian: [[timocrazia]]; Persian: تیموکراسی; Russian: [[тимократия]] | |||
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