ζάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[ζῶ]] (contr. fr. [[ζώω]]: [[ζάω]] only in Gramm., ''EM''410.38), [[ζῇς]] (Choerob. ''in Theod.''2.28), [[ζῇ]], [[ζῆτε]] (but [[ζῆς]], [[ζῆ]] acc. to Anon. ap. ''EM''410.48, Sophronius ap.Choerob.''in Theod.''2.416); imper.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ζῆ S.''Fr.''167, E.''IT'' 699, [[ζῆθι]] (as if from [[ζῆμι]], cf. ''EM'' [[l.c.]]) Pherecr.11 D., Men.''Mon.'' 191, ''AP''10.43, σύ-ζηθι Philem. ap. ''Et.Gen.'' [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ζῆ]]; opt. [[ζῴην]]; inf. [[ζῆν]]: impf. ἔζων S.''El.''323, Ar.''Ra.''1072; [[ἔζην]] in most codd. of D.24.7 is a form suggested by [[ἔζης]], [[ἔζη]]; 3pl. ἔζων Ar.''V.''709, Pl.''Lg.''679c: fut. ζήσω Ar.''Pl.''263, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 465d, Men.''Mon.''186, [Epich.]267, ζήσομαι Hp.''Nat.Puer.''30, D.25.82, Arist.''Pol.''1327b5: aor. 1 ἔζησα Hp. ''Prog.''1, ''AP''7.470 (Mel.), Plu.2.786a, etc.: pf. ἔζηκα [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]'' 1048b25, D.H.5.68, etc.: but in Att. aor. and pf. are mostly supplied from [[βιόω]].- Exc. part. [[ζῶντος]], Il.1.88, Hom. always uses the Ep. Ion. Lyr. pres. ζώω (also in Pi.''O.''2.25, Hdt.7.46, al., Diog.Apoll.4, Herod.2.29, ''IG''12(8).600.9 (Thasos), and Trag. (in lyr.), S.''El.''157, ''OC''1213, cf. ''BCH''47.95 (Cavalla), ''Bull.Soc.Arch.Bulg.''7.13 (Macedonia); subj. ζώῃ ''IG''12(8).262.12 (Thasos, v B.C.), cf. ''Schwyzer'' 339, al. (Delph.), contr. ζῷ ''Berl.Sitzb.''1927.161 (Cyrene); Cret. [[δώω]] ''Leg.Gort.''4.21, al.); inf. [[ζωέμεναι]], [[ζωέμεν]], Od.7.140,24.436: impf. ἔζωον 22.245, Hes.''Op.''112, Hdt.4.112; Ion. [[ζώεσκον]] Hes.''Op.''90, Bion 1.30: aor. 1 [[ἔζωσα]] (ἐπ-) Hdt.1.120; inf. ζῶσαι ''IG''11(4).1299 (Delos): pf. part. ἐζωκότα ''BMus.Inscr.''1009 (Cyzicus); inf. ζόειν Semon.1.17: impf. ζόεν ''AP''13.21 (Theodorid.). (Root gu̯iē-, gu̯iō- also in [[βίος]] and [[ὑγιής]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]).)<br><span class="bld">I</span> prop. of animal life, [[live]], Hom. (v. infr.), etc.; also of plants, τὸ ζῆν κοινὸν εἶναι φαίνεται καὶ τοῖς φυτοῖς [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1097b33; <b class="b3">ἐλέγχιστε ζωόντων</b> [[vile]]st [[of living men]], Od.10.72; ζώειν καὶ ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο Il. 24.558; ζῶντος καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ δερκομένοιο 1.88, cf. Od.16.439; ζῶν καὶ βλέπων A.''Ag.''677; ζώει τε καὶ ἔστιν Od.24.263; ζώντων καὶ ὄντων D. 18.72; τοῦ εἶναί τε καὶ ζῆν ἕνεκα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 369d; ζῶσα πόλις καὶ ἐγρηγορυῖα Id.''Lg.''809d; ζῶν καὶ ἔμψυχος Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''276a; <b class="b3">ῥεῖα ζώοντες</b> [[living at ease]], of the gods, Il.6.138, al.; <b class="b3">ζῶν κατακαυθῆναι</b> to [[be burnt alive]], Hdt.1.86: c. acc. temp., ζ. ἤματα πάντα ''h.Ven.''221, etc.; ὀλίγα ἔτεα Hdt.3.22: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">δμῶες… ἄλλα τε πολλὰ οἷσίν τ' εὖ ζώουσι</b> whereby men [[live]] in [[comfort]], Od.17.423, cf. D.60.5; κοράκων πονηρίᾳ Ar.''Th.''868; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τοῖς αἰσχίστοις ἔργοις, ἐπὶ τοῖς παροῦσιν ἀγαθοῖς</b>, And.1.100, Isoc.10.18; also [[ζῆν ἀπό τινος]] to [[live on]] a thing, Thgn. 1156, Hdt.1.216, 2.36,4.22, Ar.''Pax''850, etc.; ἔκ τινος Id.''Ec.''591, D. 57.36, ''1 Ep.Cor.''9.14: c. part., ζῆν συκοφαντῶν And.1.99; ἐργαζόμενοι Arist.''Pol.''1292b27: c. dat. commodi, <b class="b3">ζῆν ἑαυτῷ</b> [[for]] oneself, dub. l. in E.''Ion''646, cf. Ar.''Pl.''470, Men.507; [[τὸ ζῆν]] = [[ζωή]], A.''Pr.''681, Pl. ''Phd.''77d (without Art. εἰς ἕτερον ζ. Id.''Ax.''365d); διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν ''Ep.Hebr.''2.15; also, a [[living]], τὸ ζῆν οὐκ ἔχομεν ''OGI''515.57 (Mylasa, iii A.D.); [[ζήτω]] ὁ [[βασιλεύς]] = [[long live]] the [[king]], [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''10.24; <b class="b3">βασιλεῦ, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ζῆθι</b> ib.''Da.''3.9; asseverations, <b class="b3">ζῶ ἐγώ, καὶ ζῶν τὸ ὄνομά μου, καί</b>… ib.''Nu.''14.21; <b class="b3">ζῇ κύριος, εἰ... ὅτι</b>…, ib.''1 Ki.''19.6, 29.6; <b class="b3">ζῇ ἡ ψυχή σου, εἰ οἶδα</b> ib.17.55.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[βιόω]], [[live]], [[pass one's life]], c. acc. cogn., ζώεις δ' ἀγαθὸν βίον Od.15.491; ζ. βίον μοχθηρόν S.''El.''599, cf. E.''Med.''249, Ar.''V.''506, etc.; ζόην τὴν αὐτήν Hdt.4.112, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 344e; τὸν βίον [[ἀσφαλῶς]] Philem.213.5; ἥδιστον ἀνθρώπων βίον S.''Fr.''583.4; νυμφίων βίον Ar.''Av.''161; also ζ. ἀβλαβεῖ βίῳ S.''El.''650, cf.''Tr.''168; εὖ ζῆν Id.''Ph.''505; [[κακῶς]] Id.''OC''799; ζ. [[δοῦλος]] Id.''OT''410; <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων ὧν ἔζης</b> from the other [[acts of your life]], D.21.134; <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαι φθόνον ἐξ ὧν ζῇς</b> ib.196.<br><span class="bld">3</span> aor. 1 [[ἔζησα]], causal, [[quicken]], ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ σου ζῆσόν με [[LXX]] ''Ps.''118(119).37, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[live]] in the fullest sense, δι' ὧν ζῆν ἐπιστάμεθα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.3.11, etc.; βιοὺς μὲν ἔτη τόσα, ζήσας δὲ ἔτη ἑπτά D.C.69.19; in religious or mystical sense, ''Ep.Rom.''7.9, al., cf. Ramsay ''Cilies and Bishoprics'' 2p.565 (Phryg.); θεὸς ζῶν [[LXX]] ''De.''5.26(23), etc.: freq. metaph. of things, to [[be in full vigour]], ὄλβος ζώει μάσσων Pi.''I.''3.5; ἄτης θύελλαι ζῶσι A.''Ag.''819; ζῶντι χρώμενος ποδί S.''Fr.''790; [μαντεῖα] αἰεὶ ζῶντα περιποτᾶται Id.''OT''482; <b class="b3">ἀεὶ ζῇ ταῦτα [νόμιμα]</b> Id.''Ant.''457; <b class="b3">τὰς ξυμφορὰς τῶν βουλευμάτων ζώσας μάλιστα</b> [[have]] most living [[power]], Id.''OT''45; λόγια ζῶντα ''Act.Ap.''7.38; χρόνῳ τῷ ζῶντι καὶ παρόντι S.''Tr.''1169; ζῶσα [[φλόξ]] = [[living]] [[fire]], E.''Ba.''8; [[ὕδωρ ζῶν]] = [[spring]] [[water]], [[LXX]] ''Nu.''5.17 (and metaph., ''Ev.Jo.''4.10); ζώσης φωνῆς Cic.''Att.''2.12.2.