τλάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=never found in pres. (exc. in very late writers, as Tz.''H.'' 9.133), this tense being supplied by the pf. [[τέτλαμεν]], etc., or by [[τολμάω]]: <span class="bld">A</span> fut. τλήσομαι Il.11.317, A.''Ag.''1290; Aeol. and Dor. [[τλάσομαι]] Sapph.75, Pi.''P.''3.41; later fut. ταλάσσω Lyc.746: Ep. aor. 1. ἐτάλασσα Il.17.166; subj. ταλάσσω 13.829, 15.164 (an aor. Med. [[ταλάσσατο]], Opp.''C.''3.155); inf. τελάσσαι [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]] (cf. [[τελαμών]]): but the usually aor. was [[ἔτλην]], Il.18.433, etc., Ep. [[τλῆν]] 5.385, al., Dor. ἔτλᾱν A.''Ag.'' 224 (lyr.), etc.; 3pl. ἔτλησαν E.''Supp.''171, Dor. ἔτλᾱσαν S.''Ph.''1201 (lyr.), Ep. ἔτλᾰν Il.21.608, Simon.107.7 (= ''IG''7.53); imper. τλῆθι Thgn.1237, Orac. ap. Hdt.5.56, S.''Ph.''475, etc., Dor. [[τλᾶθι]] Pi.''P.''4.276; 2sg. subj. τλῇς A.''Supp.''428 (lyr.); opt. [[τλαίην]], 3pl. τλαῖεν Il.17.490; inf. τλῆναι A.''Pr.''704, Ep. [[τλήμεναι]] Theoc.25.174; part. [[τλάς]], [[τλᾶσα]], A.''Ag.''1453 (lyr.), ''Ch.''753, S.''OC''1077 (lyr.): pf. [[τέτληκα]], in 2sg., Il.1.228,543, Ar.''Pl.''280, ''Th.''544, 3sg., Od.19.347; in shorter forms with pres. sense, Ep. 1pl. τέτλαμεν 20.311; imper. τέτλᾰθι Il.5.382, τετλάτω Od.16.275; opt. τετλαίην Il.9.373; Ep. inf. τετλάμεναι Od.13.307, τετλάμεν 6.190, τετλάναι Metag.18 (hex.); Ep. part. [[τετληώς]], fem. τετληυῖα Od.20.23, masc. dat. τετληότι 4.447, al., pl. τετληότες Il.5.873, -ῶτες Orph.''A.''1350: plpf. ἐτέτλαμεν A.R. 1.807:—poet. Verb, used by Isoc.4.96 (quoted by Arist.''Rh.''1408b16), [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.3; but [[τολμάω]] is the common prose form (cf. [[τλήμων]]):<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[suffer]], [[undergo]] [[hardship]], [[disgrace]], etc. (never like [[φέρω]], of [[bodily]] [[load]]s or [[burden]]s):<br><span class="bld">1</span> abs., [[hold out]], [[endure]], [[be patient]], [[submit]], ἤτοι ἐγὼ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι Il.11.317, cf. 19.308; ἔτι τλαίης ἐνιαυτόν Od.1.288, cf. 2.219; especially in imper., τέτλαθι, μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο Il. 1.586; τλῆτε, φίλοι 2.299; τέτλαθι δή, κραδίη Od.20.18: so in inf., σὺ δὲ τετλάμεναι καὶ ἀνάγκῃ 13.307: in part., τετληότι θυμῷ 4.447, etc.; κραδίη τετληυῖα 20.23: sometimes followed by a relat. clause, τλῆ μὲν Ἄρης, ὅτε μιν.. δῆσαν Il.5.385, cf. 392; δηρὸν ἐτέτλαμεν εἴ κε.. μεταστρέψωσι νόον A.R. [[l.c.]]<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, [[ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν]] = [[I submitted to be wedded to a man]], Il.18.433; ῥίγιστα.. τετληότες εἰμέν 5.873; τλῆ δ' Ἀΐδης.. ὀϊστόν = bore up under the wound from it, ib. 395; ἔτλαν πένθος Pi.''I.''7(6).37; οἷα χρὴ πάθη τλῆναι πρὸς Ἥρας A. ''Pr.''704, cf. ''Ag.''1453 (lyr.), ''Ch.''753, S.''OC''1077 (lyr.), ''Tr.''71, E.''Hec.'' 1251.<br><span class="bld">II</span> c. inf., [[dare]] or [[venture]] to do, οὔτε λόχονδ' ἰέναι τέτληκας θυμῷ Il.1.228, cf. 7.480, 21.150, etc.; [[bring oneself to do something contrary to one's feelings]], whether good or bad, have the [[courage]], [[hardihood]], [[effrontery]], [[cruelty]], or the [[grace]], [[charity]], [[patience]], to do anything, ἔστε δὴ πατρὶ ἔτλην γεγωνεῖν νυκτίφοιτα δείματα = I took [[courage]] to... A.''Pr.''657; ἔτλα θυτὴρ γενέσθαι θυγατρός Id.''Ag.'' 224 (lyr.); ἔτλα.. φῶς ἀλλάξαι = [[submit]]ted to [[exchange]]... S.''Ant.'' 944 (lyr.); [[πῶς ἔτλης σὰς ὄψεις μαρᾶναι]]; = [[how couldst thou quench thy orbs of sight]]? Id.''OT''1327; οὐδ' ἔτλης.. ἐφυβρίσαι = nor hadst thou the [[cruelty]] to... Id.''Aj.''1384; [[μὴ τλῇς με προδοῦναι]] = [[be not so cruel as to forsake me]], E.''Alc.''275 (anap.); [[οὐ γὰρ ἂν τλαίην ἰδεῖν]] = [[I could not bear to see]], Ar.''Nu.''119, cf. 1387 (lyr.), ''V.''1159, ''Pl.''280; so also in Il.24.35,505,519, Hes.''Op.''718, Sapph.75, Pi.''P.''3.41, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, [[dare]] a thing, i.e. [[dare to do]] it, ἄτλητα τλᾶσα A.''Ag.''408 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. part., τάδε τέτλαμεν εἰσορόωντες Od.20.311 (but in 5.362, Il.5.383 the part. is independent of the Verb), cf. Simon.85.14, A.''Ag.''1041 ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]), ''Th.''756 (lyr.), S.''El.''943. (Root τελᾰ- (τᾰλᾰ-) alternating with τλᾱ-: also in [[πολύτλας]], [[τάλας]], [[τάλαντον]], [[τολμάω]], [[τελαμών]], Lat. [[tollo]], OE. [[polian]] '[[endure]]', etc.)