παίζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[παίσδω]] <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.42</span>: Lacon. pres. part. gen. pl. fem. παιδδωἇν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Lys.</span>1313</span> (lyr.): fut. [[παιξοῦμαι]] Syrac. in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 9.2</span>, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> παίξομαι <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">2 Ki.</span>6.21</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>12.46 (Asclep.), [[παίξω]] ib.<span class="bibl">211</span> (Strat.), <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>41.8: aor. 1 ἔπαισα Hom. (v. infr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1055</span>, etc.: pf. πέπαικα <span class="bibl">Men.923.3</span>: pf. Pass. πέπαισμαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.77</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[πέπλασται]]), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1227</span>; imper. πεπαίσθω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>278d</span>: also aor. ἔπαιξα <span class="bibl">Crates Com.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Ctes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>29.59</span>, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Jd.</span>16.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>6.4</span>, etc.: pf. πέπαιχα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Dem.</span>9</span>:—Pass., aor. ἐπαίχθην Id.2.123f, <span class="bibl">Hld.8.6</span>: pf. πέπαιγμαι <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>979.3 (Philae); inf. [[πεπαῖχθαι]] Timarch. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.11.501f</span>; imper. πεπαίχθω Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.106 K., Fronto <span class="title">Epig.Gr.</span>5.86: Hom. uses only pres. and impf., and (in <span class="bibl">Od.8.251</span>) aor. imper. [[παίσατε]]; Trag. only pres.: (παῖς):—prop., [[play like a child]], [[sport]], τῇ δέ θ' ἅμα Νύμφαι… ἀγρονόμοι παίζουσι <span class="bibl">Od.6.106</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.291</span> (never in Il.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.114</span>, etc.: metaph., αἰὼν [[παῖς]] ἐστὶ [[παίζων]], πεσσεύων =  [[time]] is a [[child]] [[play]]ing [[draught]]s <span class="bibl">Heraclit.52</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> esp. [[dance]], παίσατε <span class="bibl">Od.8.251</span>; δῶμα περιστεναχίζετο ποσσὶν ἀνδρῶν παιζόντων <span class="bibl">23.147</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>277</span>; π. τε καὶ χορεύειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>409</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">390</span>; ἐνόπλια χαλκωθεὶς ἔπαιζεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.86</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">ἀλλὰ πέπαισται μετρίως ἡμῖν</b>, of the chorus, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Th.</span>1227</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[play]] [a game], σφαίρῃ π. <span class="bibl">Od.6.100</span>; κλεψύδρῃ <span class="bibl">Emp.100.9</span>; <b class="b3">κύβοις ἐπὶ συνθήκαις π</b>. Ctes.l.c.; <b class="b3">ἀντ' ἀστραγάλων κονδύλοισι π</b>. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antiph.92</span>; <b class="b3">π. διὰ γραμμῆς</b> (v. [[γραμμή]] III. <span class="bibl">2</span>); π. πρὸς κότταβον <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.46.1</span>; <b class="b3">μετά τινων</b> with others, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.114</span>: c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">κότταβον ἀγκύλῃ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Anacr.53</span> (dub.); σφαῖραν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>73</span>; π. παιδιὰν πρός τινα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1055</span>, cf. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.110b; <b class="b3">κύνα καὶ πόλιν π</b>., of a game similar to our draughts, <span class="bibl">Cratin. 56</span>: with Advbs., <b class="b3">φαινίνδα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Antiph.283</span>, cf. Crates Com. [[l.c.]], etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[play]] on a [[musical]] [[instrument]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>206</span>: c. acc., Πὰν ὁ καλαμόφθογγα παίζων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>230</span>; [[dance and sing]], <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">O.</span>1.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[play amorously]], πρὸς ἀλλήλους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>9.2</span>; μετά τινος <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ge.</span>26.8</span>; of mares, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>572a30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[hunt]], [[pursue game]], π. κατ' ἄλσος <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">El.</span>567</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[jest]], [[sport]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">5.4</span>, <span class="bibl">9.11</span>; opp. [[σπουδάζω]], <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>4.1.1</span>; opp. <b class="b3">σπουδῇ λέγω</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.47</span>; <b class="b3">παίζετε ταῦτα λέγοντες</b> (opp. [[σπουδάζετε]]) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>283b</span>; π. καὶ χλευάζειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>376</span>; π. καὶ γελᾶν <span class="bibl">Antiph.218.4</span>; πῖνε, παῖζε <span class="bibl">Amphis 8</span>; <b class="b3">π. πρός τινα</b> [[make fun]] with a person, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>952</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>79a</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Pk.</span>198</span>; <b class="b3">π. εἴς τι</b> [[play]] with a thing, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>89b</span>: c. Adj. neut., τοιαῦτα ἔπαιζον σπουδῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.6</span>: part. [[παίζων]] is freq. abs., [[jestingly]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>145b</span>, al.; opp. [[σπουδάζων]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>636c</span>, al.:—Pass., <b class="b3">ὁ λόγος πέπαισται</b> [[has been made up as a jest]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[πέπλασται]]), <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.77</span>; <b class="b3">ταῦτα πεπαίσθω ὑμῖν</b> enough of [[jest]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>278d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>278b</span>, Phld. [[l.c.]]; <b class="b3">πεπαῖχθαι τὴν λέξιν</b> Timarch. [[l.c.]]; <b class="b3">τοῦτο τὸ παιζόμενον</b> 'as the joke is', Plu. 2.1090f; <b class="b3">τὸ Μενεδήμῳ πεπαιγμένον</b> ib.81e; but <b class="b3">οἷα πέπαιγμαι</b>, in act. sense, <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>979.3 (Philae). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc., [[play with]], [[make sport of]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nigr.</span>20</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>10.64 (Agath.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Gramm., of words [[play]]ed upon or [[coin]]ed for the [[joke]]'s [[sake]], <b class="b3">οἱ κωμῳδοὶ παίζειν εἰώθασι τὰ τοιαῦτα</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">68</span>, etc.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0442.png Seite 442]] fut. παίξομαι u. παιξοῦμαι, z. B. Xen. Conv. 9, 2, aor. ἔπαισα, so beides attisch, vgl. Schol. Ar. Th. 947 u. Atticisten, nur dor. ἔπαιξα, Phryn. 102, oder nach Moeris hellenistisch, doch ist προσέπαιξεν [[varia lectio|v.l.]] bei Xen. Mem. 3, 1, 4, παῖξαι Plat. Euthyd. 278 c, ὑποπαίξας Ael. H. A. 12, 21, ἵνα τι παίξωμεν S. Emp. pyrrh. 2, 211; perf. πέπαισμαι, erst Sp. πέπαιγμαι, die auch das perf. act. πέπαιχα bilden, vgl. Lob. Phryn. 240; – [[scherzen]], wie die Kinder spielen, lachen; Od. 6, 106. 7, 291; H. h. Cer. 425; παίσατε, Od. 8, 251, wo es tanzen bedeutet, wie 23, 147; H. h. Ven. 120; Hes. Sc. 277. 282; μετ' αὐτῆς παίζων χορεύειν [[βούλομαι]], Ar. Ran. 415; παίζων ἐνόπλια, vom Waffentanze, Pind. Ol. 13, 83; – ein musikalisches Instrument spielen, H. h. Apoll. 206; – gew. übh. scherzen, οἷα παίζομεν ἀμφὶ τράπεζαν, mit Hindeutung auf den Chorgesang, Pind. Ol. 1, 16; θεᾶς παίζων κατ' [[ἄλσος]], Soph. El. 557, scheint auf die Jagd zu gehen; παίζει πρὸς ἡμᾶς [[δεσπότης]], Eur. Herc. Fur. 952; auch = spotten, verlachen, παίσαντα καὶ σκώψαντα vrbdt Ar. Ran. 392, wie παίζων καὶ χλευάζων 375 (wovon es Plut. Symp. 2, 1, 5 unterscheidet); πέπαισται μετρίως ἡμῖν, Th. 1230; vgl. [[οὐκοῦν]] [[ἤδη]] πεπαίσθω μετρίως ἡμ ῖν τὰ περὶ λόγων, Plat. Phaedr. 278 b; πεπαῖχθαί τις ἂν οἰηθείη τὴν λέξιν, Timarch. bei Ath. XI, 501 e, wie ὁ [[λόγος]] [[ἄλλως]] πέπαισται ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων, ist zum Scherz erdichtet, Her. 4, 77; οὐχ ὅτι παίζει, [[καί]] φησιν [[ἐπιλήσμων]] εἶναι, Plat. Prot. 336 d, er sagt zum Spaß; πότερον παίζετε [[ταῦτα]] λέγοντες, Euthyd. 283 b; [[πρός]] τινα, Gorg. 500 d Hipp. mai. 300 d; εἰς τὰς τρίχας μου, auf meine Haare spotten, Phaed. 89 b, wie Plut. Alex. 38 u. a. Sp.; <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> [[σπουδάζω]], Plat. Phaedr. 234 d Gorg. 481 a (wie bei Xen. Cyr. 8, 3, 47 im <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> von σπουδῇ λέγειν); καὶ γελᾶν, Euthyphr. 3 e; mit dem accus., παιδιάν, Scherz treiben, Alc. I, 110 b, wie Ar. Plut. 1057 u. Luc. Prom. 8; auch [[παίζω]] παλαιστήν, ich spiele den Ringer. Epict. encheir. 29; παίζειν διὰ σκωμμάτων εἰς τοὺς ἀπαντῶντας, Plut. Camill. 33. – Sp. auch τί, verspotten, Luc. Nigr. 20; τινά τινι, Einen womit necken, Sp., die es auch bes. von verliebten Tändeleien brauchen, vgl. Naeke Choeril. p. 245. – Die dor. Form [[παίσδω]] Theocr. 15, 42 u. öfter.

|btext=<i>f.</i> [[παίξω]], <i>ao.</i> [[ἔπαισα]] <i>ou</i> ἔπαιξα, <i>pf.</i> πέπαικα;<br /><i>Pass. ao.</i> [[ἐπαίχθην]], <i>pf.</i> πέπαισμαι et πέπαιγμαι;<br /><b>I.</b> faire l'enfant, <i>càd</i> s'amuser, jouer, être enjoué : π. σφαίρῃ OD <i>ou</i> σφαῖραν PLUT jouer à la balle ; ἀστραγάλοις PLUT jouer aux osselets ; παιδιὰν π. [[πρός]] τινα AR jouer avec qqn ; τὰ [[παιδία]] παίζει ; <i>en gén.</i> se divertir, s'amuser ; <i>particul.</i><br /><b>1</b> [[danser]];<br /><b>2</b> [[chasser]];<br /><b>II.</b> se faire un jeu de :<br /><b>1</b> plaisanter, badiner : τοιαῦτα ἔπαιζον σπουδῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους XÉN voilà ce dont ils devisaient entre eux avec une sereine gravité ; <i>Pass.</i> ὁ [[λόγος]] πέπαισται HDT la légende a été inventée par plaisir ; [[τοῦτο]] δὴ τὸ παιζόμενον PLUT comme on dit en plaisantant;<br /><b>2</b> se jouer de, se moquer de : π. [[εἴς]] τινα railler qqn, rire de lui ; [[εἴς]] [[τι]] se moquer de qch.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[παῖς]].

|sltr=[[παίζω]] [[play]] c. intern. acc. [[οἷα]] παίζομεν φίλαν [[ἄνδρες]] ἀμφὶ θαμὰ τράπεζαν (O. 1.16) ἀναβαὶς δ' εὐθὺς ἐνόπλια χαλκωθεὶς ἔπαιζεν (sc. [[Bellerophon]], [[mounted]] on Pegasos) (O. 13.86)

|mantxt=Ἀπό τό [[παῖς]]. Θέμα παιδ + j + ω → [[παίζω]] μέ [[τροπή]] τοῦ δj σέ ζ.<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[παῖγμα]], [[παίγνιον]], [[παιδιά]], [[παικτέον]], [[παίκτης]], [[συμπαίκτης]], [[παικτικῶς]], [[παικτός]], [[παίκτειρα]], [[συμπαίκτωρ]], [[παιστέον]], συμπαίστης, [[συμπαίστωρ]], [[φιλοπαίσμων]] (=παιχνιδιάρης), [[φιλοπαίγμων]].