σφυρόν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ankle]], κνῆμαί τε ἰδὲ σφυρά <span class="bibl">Il.4.147</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">518</span>, Hp.<span class="title">Loc. Hom.</span>6; ποδῶν τέτρηνε τένοντε ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης <span class="bibl">Il.22.397</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρθῷ ἔστασας ἐπὶ σφυρῷ</b> (metaph.) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>7(6).13</span>; βαίνουσα . . σ. κούφῳ <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Alc.</span>586</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">μονόχαλα σ</b>., of a horse, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>225</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τὸ σ. ἐξεκόκκισε</b> [[put out]] his ankle, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1179</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἔσχατον ἀντικνημίου σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>494a10</span>; <b class="b3">σ. Ἰφίκλειον</b> the [[ankle]] of Iphiclus (the runner), <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Aet.</span>3.1.46</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> metaph., [[the lower part]] or [[edge]], [[foothills]], of a mountain, ἐν Παλίου σφυροῖς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.46</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>6.114 (Simm.), 7.501 (Pers.), <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>1.165</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">Λιβύας ἄκρον σφυρόν</b> the very [[furthest part]] of Libya, <span class="bibl">Theoc.16.77</span>; σ. νήσων <span class="bibl">Musae.45</span>; ὕλης <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>2.1</span>.</span>

|btext=οῦ (τό) :<br /><b>1</b> cheville du pied;<br /><b>2</b> <i>p. ext.</i> talon ; pied ; <i>fig.</i> extrémité d'un pays, d'une île.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG [[σπαίρω]].

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|lstext='''σφῠρόν''': τό, τὸ κοινῶς καλούμενον «κότσι», κνῆμαί τ’ ἠδὲ σφυρά, «τὰ ἀπολήγοντα μέρη πρὸς τῷ ἀστραγάλῳ, καὶ ἐκ πλαγίων ἐξέχοντα τῆς κνήμης καὶ τῆς πτέρνης» (Σχόλ.), «τὰ περὶ τοὺς ἀστραγάλους, αἱ περιφέρειαι τῶν ποδῶν» Ἡσύχ.), Ἰλ. Δ. 147, πρβλ. 518· ποδῶν τένοντε ἐς σφυρὸν ἐκ πτέρνης Χ. 397· ὀρθῷ στῆσαι ἐπὶ σφυρῷ (μεταφορ.), Πινδ. Ι. 7 (6), 19· βαίνουσα... σφ. κούφῳ Εὐρ. Ἄλκ. 586· σφ. μονόχηλον, ἐπὶ ἵππου, ὁ αὐτ. Ι. Α. 225 τὸ σφ. ἐξεκόκκισε, ἐξήρθρωσε τὸ [[σφυρόν]], Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 1179· τὸ ἔσχατον ἀντικνημίου Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 1. 15, 5. ΙΙ. μεταφορ., τὸ κατώτατον [[μέρος]] ἢ [[ἄκρον]], οἱ πρόποδες ὄρους, «τῶν ὀρῶν τὰ ἐπίπεδα καὶ κατώτατα» (Ἡσύχ.)· ἐν Παλίου σφυροῖς Πινδ. Π. 2. 85, πρβλ. Ἀνθ. Π. 6. 114., 7. 501, Νόνν. κλπ.· [[ὡσαύτως]], Λιβύας [[ἄκρον]] [[σφυρόν]], τὸ ἀνώτατον [[μέρος]] τῆς Λιβύης, Θεόκρ. 16. 77· σφ. νήσων Μουσαῖ. 45· ὕλης Νόνν. Δ. 2. 1.

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|elrutext='''σφῠρόν:''' τό<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[лодыжка]] (κνῆμαι τ᾽ ἠδὲ σφυρά Hom.): τὸ [[ἔσχατον]] ἀντικνημίου σ. (ἐστιν) Arst. передний край голени называется лодыжкой; αἱ βάσεις καὶ τὰ σφυρά NT ступни и лодыжки, т. е. ноги;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[нога]], [[пята]], [[ступня]] (βαίνειν σφυρῷ κούφῳ Eur.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[подножие]], [[подошва]] Pind.: Ὀρβηλοῖο παρὰ σ. Anth. у подошвы (горы) Орбел;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[оконечность]], [[конец]], [[край]] (Λέσβοιο Anth.): Λιβύης [[ἄκρον]] σ. Theocr. окраина Ливии.

|elnltext=σφῠρόν -ου, τό [~ σφῦρα, σπαίρω] lichaamsdeel enkel; overdr. benedenste deel:. οἰκεῦντες Λιβύας ἄκρον σφυρόν het benedenste deel (de kust) van Libië bewonend Theocr. Id. 16.77.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[ankle]], [[foot-joint]] (Il.), metaph. [[the lower part of a mountain]] (Pi., Theoc. a.o.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">τανύ-σφυρος</b> [[with slender ankles]] (h. Cer., Hes.); <b class="b3">ἐπι-σφύρ-ια</b> n. pl. [[ankle-buckles]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: [[σφυρόομαι]] [[to tie ones ankle-buckles]], [[to put on one's laced boots]] (Carm. Pop. 7) with <b class="b3">-ωτήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> m. [[shoe-strap]] (LXX; cf. lit. on [[σφαιρωτήρ]]).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Zero grade verbal noun to [[σπαίρω]] [impossible because of <b class="b3">σφ-</b>], Skt. <b class="b2">sphuráti</b> etc., prob. inherited and identical with OHG [[spuri-halz]] [[limping]] (prop. *"knuckle-lame"?) except for the final vowel. To this from Germ. also OHG [[spor]] n. [[foot-mark]], [[sporo]] [[spur]] etc.; s. [[σπαίρω]] w. lit. The by-form [[σφυδρά]] pl. (Act. Ap. 3, 7, pap. IIIp, H., gloss.) is folketymol. (after [[σφόδρα]], <b class="b3">-ός</b> or [[σφυδῶν]]?; no decision gives Schwyzer 239 Zus. 2). -- The IE etym. cannot explain inital <b class="b3">σφ-</b> and must be given up.

|mdlsjtxt=σφῠρόν, οῦ,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> the [[ankle]], Il., [[attic]]<br /><b class="num">II.</b> metaph, the [[foot]] of a [[mountain]], Pind., Anth.; also, Λιβύας [[ἄκρον]] [[σφυρόν]] the [[very]] [[furthest]] [[part]] of [[Libya]], Theocr.