γαλέη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=contr. γαλῆ, ῆς, ἡ, a name given to various animals of the <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[weasel]] kind, [[weasel]], [[marten]], [[polecat]] or [[foumart]], <span class="bibl">Batr.9</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 255</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>693</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>609a17</span>, al.; <b class="b3">εἰ διᾴξειεν γαλῆ</b> (a bad omen) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>792</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>16.3</span>: prov., θύρα δι' ἧς γαλῆ… οὐκ εἰσέρχεται Apollod. Car.<span class="bibl">6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">γ. ἀγρία</b> wild [[ferret]] (found in Africa and Spain, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.192</span>), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>580b26</span>, Ruf.<span class="title">Fr.</span>79, <span class="bibl">Str.3.2.6</span>; γ. Ταρτησσία Hdt. l.c., <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.71</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">γ. ἐνοικίδιος</b> tame [[weasel]], Plu.2.446c; γ. κατοικίδιος <span class="bibl">Philum.<span class="title">Ven.</span>33.1</span>, Dsc.2.25. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> prov., <b class="b3">γαλῆν ἔχεις</b>, of bad luck, <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.84</span>; <b class="b3">γαλῇ χιτώνιον κροκωτόν</b>, of 'pearls before swine', <span class="bibl">Stratt.71</span>, <span class="bibl">Zen.2.93</span>; <b class="b3">γαλῇ στέαρ</b>, = [[βατράχῳ ὕδωρ]] (q. v.), <span class="bibl">Diogenian.3.83</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> a small [[fish]], distd. from <b class="b3">γαλεός</b> by <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>15.11</span>. (From γαλεyᾱ, Adj. from <b class="b3">*γαλις</b>, cf. Skt. [[girikā]] 'mouse', Lat.[[glīs]].) </span>

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|lstext='''γαλέη''': συνῃρ. [[γαλῆ]], ῆς, ἡ, ἡ κοιν. λεγομένη γάτ(τ)α, ἣν ὁ Διοσκ. 2, 27 γαλῆν κατοικίδιον ὀνομάζει, ἐν τοῖς Σχολ. εἰς Ἀριστοφ. 362, 43 Διδ. φέρεται «[[γαλῆ]] ἡ [[κάττα]], [[μυγαλῆ]] ἡ νυφίτζα» Ἡρόδ. 4, 192, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 255· βδέουσα δριμύτερον γαλῆς ὁ αὐτ. Πλ. 693· εἰ διᾴξειεν [[γαλῆ]] Ἐκκλ. 792, Θεόκρ. 15. 28, Γαλεομυομ. παροιμ., [[θύρα]], δι ' ἧς [[γαλῆ]]… οὐκ εἰσέρχεται Ἀπολλ. Καρ. Διαβ. 1, Θεόκρ. 15, 28.―Ἡ γ. ἀγρία (περιγραφομένη ὡς ἐχθρὰ τῶν μυῶν, Ἀριστ. Ἱ. Ζ. 6. 37, 4) φαίνεται ὅτι ἦτο [[ἐγχώριος]] τῆς Ἀφρικῆς καὶ Ἱσπανίας, Ἡρόδ. ἔνθ᾽ ἀνωτ., Στράβων 144· [[ἴσως]] γ. Ταρτησία ἦτο ἡ αὐτή, Ἡρόδ. ἔνθ' ἀνωτ., ἡ [[παροιμία]] γαλῇ κροκωτὸν ἢ [[χιτώνιον]], ἐπὶ ἀναρμόστων πραγμάτων εἰλημμένη ἐκ τοῦ μύθου τῆς εἰς γυναῖκα μεταβληθείσης γαλῆς Βάβρ. 32. ΙΙ. [[εἶδος]] μικροῦ ἰχθύος διακρινομένου ἀπὸ τοῦ γαλεοῦ παρ' Αἰλ. Ζ. Ι. 15.11.

{{bailly

|btext=ης (ἡ) :<br /><i>par contr.</i> [[γαλῆ]], ῆς;<br /><b>1</b> belette, <i>animal</i>;<br /><b>2</b> <i>p. anal.</i> mustèle, poisson de mer.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG étym. peu sûre.

{{DGE

|dgtxt=-ης, ἡ<br /><br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> contr. [[γαλῆ]] Ar.<i>Ach</i>.255, Stratt.75; γαλέα <i>Gp</i>.20.7.1<br /><b class="num">I</b> zool.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[hurón]], [[Putorius furo]] que habita en el norte de África y Tarteso, Hdt.4.192, llamado γ. [[ἀγρία]] Str.3.2.6, cf. Arist.<i>HA</i> 580^b26, Plu.2.446e, γ. κατοικίδιος Philum.<i>Ven</i>.33.1, Dsc.2.25, cf. Ruf.<i>Fr</i>.79, Diogenian.1.3.71.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[comadreja]], [[Mustella vulgaris]] Ar.l.c., <i>Batr</i>.9, Arist.<i>HA</i> 609^a17, Theoc.15.28, Plu.2.977f, Luc.<i>Pisc</i>.34, <i>Tim</i>.21, <i>Trag</i>.163, Artem.1.79, 3.28, D.C.58.5.5, LXX <i>Le</i>.11.29<br /><b class="num">•</b>como signo de mal agüero y en prov. εἰ ... διᾴξειεν [[γαλῆ]] si cruzase una comadreja</i> Ar.<i>Ec</i>.792, cf. Thphr.<i>Char</i>.16.3, γαλῆν ὁρῶ como mala pronunciación de γαλήν' ὁρῶ en el verso de Eurípides (<i>Or</i>.279), Ar.<i>Ra</i>.304, Stratt.63, cf. Sch.Ar.<i>ad loc</i>., θύραν δι' ἧς [[γαλῆ]] ... οὐκ εἰσέρχεται equivale a ‘casa cerrada a cal y canto’, Apollod.Car.6, <i>Batr</i>.(a) 49, 114, γαλῆν ἔχεις equivale a ‘tienes la negra’, Apostol.5.26, γαλῇ χιτώνιον κροκωτόν equivale a ‘echar margaritas a los cerdos’, Stratt.l.c., Zen.2.93, γαλῇ στέαρ equivale a ‘complacer en todo’, Diogenian.2.2.9, [[γαλῆ]] Ταρτησία prov. por su gran tamaño, Hsch., en fábulas γαλαῖ ... καὶ μύες Babr.31, [[γαλῆ]] καὶ [[Ἀφροδίτη]] Aesop.50, cf. <i>Galeom</i>.6.<br /><b class="num">3</b> ict. [[pez de pequeño tamaño]], Ael.<i>NA</i> 15.11, <i>Gp</i>.l.c.<br /><br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Se ha rel. lat. <i>glīs</i> ‘lirón’, ai. <i>giri</i>-, <i>girikā</i>- ‘ratón’. Tb. se ha deriv. de [[γαλεός]].

{{elru

|elrutext='''γαλέη:''' стяж. [[γαλῆ]] ἡ мелкий хищник (куница, ласка, хорек и т. п.) Batr., Her., Arph., Arst., Theocr., Plut., Babr.

|etymtx=γαλῆ<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[weasel]], [[marten]] (Batr., Ar.); also fish name (Ael.), s. Strömberg Fischnamen 108.<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">γαλε-άγκων</b> (Arist.), also <b class="b3">γαλι-άγκων</b> (Hp.; after the many first members in <b class="b3">-ι</b>: <b class="b3">ἀργι-</b>, <b class="b3">κυδι-</b> etc.; s. below), prop. [[with weaselarms]], i. e. [[with short upperarm]], cf. Solmsen Wortforsch. 225f.; <b class="b3">γαλεό-βδολον</b> n. "weaselstench", [[dead nettle]], substant. bahuvrihi, = <b class="b3">γαλήοψις</b> "weaseleye" (Dsc.); on the names Strömberg Pflanzennamen 138f., Lehmann IF 21, 193 A. 1. Denom. <b class="b3">γαλιάω</b> = <b class="b3">ἀκολασταίνω</b> "ce qui serait sémantiquement satisfaisant"(?) DELG.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γαλιδεύς</b> [[young weasel]] (Crat.), after <b class="b3">λυκ-ιδεύς</b> etc. (Chantr. Form. 364; s. below); <b class="b3">γαλεώτης</b> [[gecko lizard]] (Ar.), [[weasel]] (Luc.); on the formation s. Schwyzer 500; also [[swordfish]] (Plb.), cf. s. <b class="b3">γαλεός</b>. - On [[γαλεός]] s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The formation of <b class="b3">γαλέη</b> shows that the word originally indicated the skin, cf. <b class="b3">ἀλωπεκ-έη</b> etc. (Chantr. Form. 91), cf. Lat. [[galea]] below. The basis is unknown. One compares Lat. [[glīs]] [[dormouse]] and Skt. <b class="b2">giri-</b>, [[girikā]] f. [[mouse]] (lexic.; prob. it did not exist, Mayrhofer EWAia1, 488; <b class="b3">γαλ-ιδεύς</b>, <b class="b3">γαλι-άγκων</b> do not prove a Greek <b class="b3">ι-</b>stem, s. above). <b class="b3">γαλ-</b> could be <b class="b2">*glH-</b>, and Lat. [[glis]] perhaps <b class="b2">*glHi-</b> (Schrijver, Laryngeals 242), but this remains uncertain. <b class="b3">γαλέη</b> must not be IE. On the IE word (*ḱormen-_) see Pok. 573, EIEC 638 - Not to Welsh [[bele]] [[weasel]] (pace Schwyzer 299; cf. W.-Hofmann s. [[fēlēs]]). - The original meaning <b class="b2">weasel-skin</b> in Lat. [[galea]] [[leather helmet]], cf. <b class="b3">κυνέη</b> prop. <b class="b2">dog-skin</b>. - From <b class="b3">γαλέη</b> also Ital. [[galea]], <b class="b2">-ia</b>, Dutch [[galei]] etc., a ship (for its speed); cf. <b class="b3">γαλία εἶδος πλοίου λῃστρικοῦ</b> H.; cf. also Germ. [[Galeere]]; but see H. and R. Kahane, FS Wartburg 1958, 428-439: rather form <b class="b3">γαλεός</b> [[shark]] with the comment of Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 663 s.v. <b class="b3">γαλέη</b>: as Lat. [[galea]] also means [[vessel]], this word could have been used as [[ship]]. Ahrweiler, Byzance et la mer, 414.

|mdlsjtxt=<br />a [[weasel]], marten-cat or polecat, Lat. [[mustela]], Hdt., Ar.

|elnltext=[[γαλέη]] -έης, contr. [[γαλῆ]] -ῆς, ἡ<br /><b class="num">1.</b> wezel, marter, bunzing, fluwijn.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> wsch. poes. Theocr. 15.28.

|ftr='''γαλέη''': [[γαλῆ]]<br />{galéē}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Wiesel]], [[Marder]] (ion. att. seit Hdt., Ar.), auch als Fischname (Ael.), vgl. Strömberg Fischnamen 108.<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[γαλιδεύς]] [[junges Wiesel]] (Krat.), nach [[λυκιδεύς]] und anderen Nomina auf -ιδεύς (Chantraine Formation 364; vgl. unten); [[γαλεώτης]] [[Eidechse]] (Ar., Arist.), [[Wiesel]] (Luk.); zur Bildung vgl. Schwyzer 500; auch [[Schwertfisch]] (Plb., Str.), vgl. s. [[γαλεός]]. — Bemerkenswerte Komposita: [[γαλεάγκων]] (Arist., Plu.), auch [[γαλιάγκων]] (Hp.; nach den zahlreichen Vordergliedern auf -ι: ἀργι-, κυδι-, [[καλλι-]] usw.; vgl. unten) eig. [[wieselarmig]], d. h. [[mit kurzem Oberarm]], vgl. Solmsen Wortforsch. 225f.; [[γαλεόβδολον]] n. "Wieselfurz", [[Taubnessel]], eig. substantiviertes Bahuvrihikompositum, = γαλήοψις "Wieselauge" (Dsk.); zur Namengebung s. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 138f., Lehmann IF 21, 193 A. 1. — Zu [[γαλεός]] s. bes.<br />'''Etymology''' : Die Bildung von [[γαλέη]] macht es wahrscheinlich, daß das Wort ursprünglich das Fell bezeichnete, vgl. [[ἀλωπεκέη]] usw. (Chantraine Formation 91), auch lat. ''galea'' unten. Die zugrunde liegende Wortform bleibt unsicher. Seit Osthoff Etym. parerga 183f. vergleicht man lat. ''glīs'' ‘Hasel-, Bilchmaus’ und aind. ''giri''-, ''girikā'' f. [[Maus]] (nur lexikalisch belegt). Die Bildungen [[γαλιδεύς]] und [[γαλιάγκων]] lassen sich jedoch nicht als Zeugnisse eines ehemaligen griechischen ι-Stammes verwerten, s. oben. — Fern bleibt (trotz Schwyzer 299) kymr. ''bele'' [[Wiesel]] (vgl. W.-Hofmann s. ''fēlēs''). — Von der ursprünglichen Bedeutung [[Wieselfell]] scheint lat. ''galea'' [[Hehn aus Leder]] auszugehen, vgl. [[κυνέη]] eig. [[Hundsfell]], gew. [[Sturmhaube]]. — Aus [[γαλέη]] stammen nach Hesseling Neophilologus 6, 207ff. auch ital. ''galea'', -''ia'', ndl. ''galei'' usw. Bez. eines Schiffes (wegen der Geschwindigkeit).<br />'''Page''' 1,284-285