τιμωρέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> fut. τιμωρήσω [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.119, Antipho 5.87, etc.:—Med., fut. τιμωρήσομαι E.''Alc.''733, Th.3.58: aor. ἐτιμωρησάμην [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 378a:—Pass., pf. τετῑμώρημαι Th.7.77, Lys.25.15: used in med. sense, Antipho 3.2.8, Lys.7.20, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.5.32, and prob. Th.3.67: aor. ἐτιμωρήθην ''PMich.Zen.''57.9 (iii B.C.):—to [[be an avenger]], [[exact vengeance]] or [[seek to exact vengeance for]], [[avenge]], τινι Democr.261, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.103, 8.144, E.''Hec.''749, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 180a, etc.: abs., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.4: c. dat. et gen., <b class="b3">τιμωρήσειν σοι τοῦ παιδός.. ὑπισχνοῦμαι</b> dub.l. in [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.6.8: c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον</b> [[avenge]] his slaughter, Pl.''Ap.''28c, cf. E.''Ph.''935: also <b class="b3">τ. ὑπέρ τινος</b> (for τινι) [[take vengeance for]] him, Pl.''Lg.''907e, cf. Lys.13.1; <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου</b> ib.51: c. dat. rei, τῷ θανάτῳ τοῦ πατρός D.H. 4.77: abs., Pl.''Lg.''729e:—Med., [[avenge]] or [[seek to avenge]] one's own relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης S.''El.''349, cf. 399, [[Euripides|E.]], ''[[Orestes|Or.]]''1117:—impers. in Pass., <b class="b3">Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται</b> [[vengeance has been taken]] for him, he [[has been avenged]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.79 (but <b class="b3">τετιμωρήσεαι ἐς.. Λεωνίδην</b> must be taken in signf. 1.3b, thou wilt have taken [[vengeance]] [[in respect to]] L., ib.78).<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖν τινα</b> [[take vengeance on]] him, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''140; <b class="b3">τοὺς αὐτοέντας</b> ib.107; [[κελεύειν]] [[τιμωρεῖν]] ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ [τὸν Ἀγόρατον] ὡς φονέα ὄντα Lys.13.42, cf. 92; <b class="b3">Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[φόνον]]) [[is taking vengeance on]] you [[for]] the murder of P., [[Euripides|E.]], ''[[Orestes|Or.]]''433:—Pass., to [[be visited with vengeance]], [[be punished]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 525b, 525d, etc.; [[τετιμωρημένος]] Lys.25.15; <b class="b3">ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα</b> we [[have been punished]], PCair.Zen. 495.2 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ἱκανῶς τετιμώρημαι</b> ib.639.15 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ τιμωρηθῆναι αὐτούς</b> ''PMich.Zen.'' [[l.c.]]:—this sense is more freq. in<br><span class="bld">3</span> Med., [[avenge oneself upon]], [[exact vengeance from]], τινα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.53, 6.138, S.''Ph.''1258, E.''Hec.''756, 882, Antipho 2.3.11, Th.1.121, etc.; ὡς.. οὐχ ὅπως τιμωρήσαιντο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπαινέσειαν τὸν Σφοδρίαν X.''HG'' 5.4.34; <b class="b3">Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος</b> [[Self-punisher]], name of a play by Menander, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.15; ἀπαγαγών με εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον τετιμώρηταί με εἰσπράσσων δραχμὰς ''PCair.Zen.''492.7 (iii B.C.): c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος</b> [[take vengeance on]] one [[for]] a thing, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.145, E.''IT''558, Lys.6.31, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 213d, etc.: also τ. τινὰ ἀντί τινων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.135; [[περὶ]] (fort. [[ὑπὲρ]]) τῶν πεπραγμένων Lys.14.2: less freq. c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">εἰ μή σ' ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται</b> will [[visit]] his [[sister]]'s [[blood]] [[on]] thee, E.''Alc.''733, cf. ''Cyc.''695.<br><span class="bld">b</span> abs., [[avenge oneself]], [[seek vengeance]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.49, 7.8.β, Lys.13.84, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.5.19, etc.; <b class="b3">ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ.</b> [[visit]] with the extreme penalties, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 579a; [[τὸ τιμωρησόμενον]] = [[the power to exact vengeance]], D.26.4: the crime is sometimes added in a relat. clause, τ. εἴ τι.. ἠδίκησαν X.''An.''5.4.6; τ. ὅτι.. Id.''Cyr.''5.3.30: also <b class="b3">τιμωρεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος</b> [[exact vengeance]] for [[Greece]], Id.''An.''1.3.4.<br><span class="bld">II</span> especially in pres. and impf., [[succour]] one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, [[help]] him to [[retaliate]], τινι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.141, 152, 2.63, 3.32, 65, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''136, [[Euripides|E.]], ''[[Orestes|Or.]]''718, Th.1.86, 127, al.; εἰ τύπτοιτό τις αὐτῶν ὑπ' ἐκείνων τινός, ἐβοήθεόν τε πάντες καὶ ἐτιμώρεον ἀλλήλοισι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.138, cf. Ael.''NA''1.4: abs., [[lend aid]], [[give succour]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.18.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of medical aid, <b class="b3">τ. τῷ παθήματι</b> [[relieve]] it, Hp.''Art.''11; cf. [[τιμωρία]] II.2, and Gal.15.494.