ἄτομος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ον, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[uncut]], [[unmown]], λειμών <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>200</span>; ἄ. πώγωνος βάθη <span class="bibl">Ephipp.14.7</span>; ἄτομος [[λίβανος]] = [[in lumps]], Dsc.1.68.1; [[ἄτομον]], τό, = [[ὑοσκύαμος]], dub. in Ps.-Dsc.4.68 (cf. [[ἀταῖος]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Gramm., of words, [[not compound]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>22</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[that cannot be cut]], [[indivisible]], γραμμαί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>206a17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">LI</span>968a1</span>; μεγέθη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>187a3</span>; especially of particles of matter, <b class="b3">ἐτεῇ ἄτομα</b> (sc. [[σώματα]]) καὶ κενόν <span class="bibl">Democr.9</span>, <span class="bibl">125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>404a2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1039a10</span>; in full, ἄ. σώματα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span>303a21</span>, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Nat.</span>14</span><span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>5</span>: sg., [[ἄτομον]] ἐστι σῶμα στερεόν. . Id.p.129.24 U.; also ἄ. φύσεις Democr. ap. <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.7U.</span>; <b class="b3">ἄτομοι, αἱ,</b> ib.<span class="bibl">p.14</span> U.,al., <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>5</span>,al., <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.34</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of [[time]], οὐχ οἷόν τε εἰς ἀ. χρόνους διαιρεῖσθαι τὸν χρόνον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>263b27</span>; κατ' ἄ. χρόνον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sens.</span>447b18</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἀτόμῳ</b> in a [[moment]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 236a6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>15.52</span>; ἐν ἀ. ὀργῆς Sm.<span class="title">Is.</span>54.8. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[infinitely small]], διαφοραί <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phoc.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> in Logic, [[individual]], of terms, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>229d</span>; of the [[εἶδος]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1034a8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">de An.</span>414b27</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[individual]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>96b11</span>, al.: Subst. [[ἄτομον]], τό, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.</span> 1b6</span>, <span class="bibl">3a38</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>1058a18</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Plot.6.2.2</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of the [[summum genus]], πρὶν εἰς τὰ ἄ. ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>994b21</span>. Adv. [[ἀτόμως]], [[ὑπάρχειν]] [[immediately]], without the [[intervention]] of a [[middle]] [[term]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>79a33</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0387.png Seite 387]] 1) ungeschnitten, [[λειμών]], nicht abgemähte Wiese, Soph. Tr. 199; vom Bart, ὑποκαθιεὶς ἄτομα πώγωνος βάθη Ephipp. Ath. XI, 509 e. – 2) nicht zu zerschneiden, untheilbar, Plat. Soph. 229 d; ἡ [[ἄτομος]] bei Demokrit das Atom, der letzte untheilbare Stoff, woraus nach ihm Alles besteht, Cic. Fin. 1, 6. Auch von der Zeit, ἐν ἀτόμῳ, plötzlich, I. Cor. 15, 52.

|btext=ος, ον :<br /><b>1</b> non coupé;<br /><b>2</b> qu’on ne peut couper, indivisible ; ἡ [[ἄτομος]] ([[οὐσία]]) corpuscule indivisible <i>ou</i> atome, élément constitutif de la matière.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀ]], [[τέμνω]].

|dgtxt=-ον<br /><b class="num">I</b> [[no cortado]] λειμών S.<i>Tr</i>.200, εὖ δ' ὑποκαθιεὶς ἄτομα πώγωνος βάθη Ephipp.14.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>de substancias sólidas [[entero]], [[en bloque]] λίβανος ... [[ἄτομος]] Dsc.1.68.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>gener. [[que no se puede cortar]], [[indivisible]] γραμμαί Arist.<i>Ph</i>.206^a17, ἐν ἑνὶ καὶ ἀτόμῳ τόπῳ Eudem.95<br /><b class="num">•</b>del tiempo [[cortísimo]], [[indivisible]] κατ' ἄτομον χρόνον Arist.<i>Sens</i>.447^b18, χρόνος ἄ. καὶ [[ἐλάχιστος]] Aristid.Quint.32.11, ἐν ἀτόμῳ en un momento</i> Arist.<i>Ph</i>.236^a6, Sm.<i>Is</i>.54.8, 1<i>Ep.Cor</i>.15.52, Arius <i>Ep.Eus</i>.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. [[mínimo]], [[infinitamente pequeño]] διαφοραί Plu.<i>Phoc</i>.3.<br /><b class="num">2</b> cien., de los elementos mínimos de la materia [[indivisible]] ἄτομον ἔσται τὸ σῶμα ἐν ᾧ ἵσταται (ἡ [[διάλυσις]]) Arist.<i>Cael</i>.305^a1 (= Emp.A 43a), cf. Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[2] 41.1, Plot.3.1.3, de los primeros principios constitutivos ἀρχαί D.L.9.30 (= Leucipp.A 1), Simp.<i>in Cael</i>.242.19 (= Democr.A 14), Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[2] 41.5, cf. <i>Fr</i>.[29] 26.6, στοιχεῖα Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[3] 86.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. neutr. y fem. [[átomo]] ἐτεῇ δὲ ἄτομα καὶ κενόν (op. νόμῳ) pero en realidad (existen) los átomos y el vacío</i> Democr.B 9, 125, ἐκ τῶν ἀτόμων συνεστάναι τὸν κόσμον Ecphant.4, τὸ περὶ τῶν ἀτόμων [[δόγμα]] παλαιόν ἐστιν Str.16.2.24 (= Democr.A 55), cf. Plot.3.1.2, συμμιγέων ἀτόμων τετράζυγι δεσμῷ Nonn.<i>D</i>.41.54<br /><b class="num">•</b>fem. κινοῦνται συνεχῶς αἱ ἄτομοι Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[2] 42.6, cf. 43.4, <i>Fr</i>.[21.2] 1, [24] 37, σώματα δ' εἰσὶ καὶ αἱ [ἄ] τομοι Phld.<i>Sign</i>.5, τὰς ἀτόμους μόνας ... εἰπὼν ὑπάρχειν ἐν τοῖς οὖσι Diog.Oen.8.2.5, cf. 35.2.2, 40.2.7, Plot.2.4.7, 3.1.2, μεγίστας εἶναί τινας ἀτόμους Eus.<i>PE</i> 14.23.3 (= Democr.A 43).<br /><b class="num">3</b> gram. de una palabra [[no compuesta]] λέγω δὴ τοῖς τε ἁπλοῖς καὶ ἀτόμοις ὀνόμασιν D.H.<i>Th</i>.22.<br /><b class="num">4</b> fil. de un concepto [[individual]], [[inanalizable]] σκεπτέον ἄρ' ἤδη ἄτομον ἐστὶ (ἡ παιδεία) ἤ τινα ἔχων διαίρεσίν ἀξίαν ἐπωνυμίας Pl.<i>Sph</i>.229d, τοῦτο δ' ἀναγκαῖον, εἰ ἅπαν εἰς τὴν διαίρεσιν ἐμπίπτει καὶ μηδὲν ἐλλείπει· ἄτομον γὰρ ἤδη εἶναι Arist.<i>APo</i>.91^b32, [[εἶδος]] ἄ. forma, especie indivisible</i> op. γένος Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1034^a8, κατὰ τὸ οἰκεῖον καὶ ἄτομον [[εἶδος]] Arist.<i>de An</i>.414^b27, αἱ ἄτομοι τριάδες las especies ‘tres’ (op. los géneros ‘número’ o ‘impar’)</i>, Arist.<i>APo</i>.96^b11<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[individual]] οὐκ ἔστι τὸ ἓν ἀριθμῷ λαβεῖν καὶ ἄτομον no es posible tomar una unidad numérica e individual</i> Plot.6.2.22, ἄ. οὐσία Leont.Byz.M.86.1193A<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. τὸ [[ἄτομον]] = [[lo individual]], [[el individualismo]] [[ἁπλῶς]] δὲ τὰ ἄτομα καὶ ἐν ἀριθμῷ κατ' οὐδενὸς ὑποκειμένου λέγεται Arist.<i>Cat</i>.1^b6, cf. 3^b12, οὐ γὰρ οἷον τε εἰδέναι πρὶν εἰς τὰ ἄτομα ἐλθεῖν pues no es posible conocer(lo) hasta bajar a los términos individuales</i> Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.994^b21<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[individualidad]] (op. [[εἶδος]] y γένος): πᾶσαι γὰρ αἱ ἀπὸ τούτων κατηγορίαι ἤτοι κατὰ τῶν ἀτόμων κατηγοροῦνται ἢ κατὰ τῶν εἰδῶν Arist.<i>Cat</i>.3^a35, cf. 3^b2, 7, Plot.6.2.2, 3.1, 7.17, Leont.Byz.M.86.1917A, Thdt.<i>Eran</i>.33<br /><b class="num">•</b>op. πρόσωπον y ὑπόστασις: οἱ γὰρ ἐκκλησιαστικοὶ τὰ ἄτομα ... οὔτε πρόσωπον καλοῦσι οὔτε ὑπόστασιν Leont.Byz.M.86.1193A, cf. Cyr.Al.M.77.1149A.<br /><b class="num">III</b> adv. [[ἀτόμως]] = [[indivisiblemente]] ἐνδέχεται ... ἄλλο ἄλλῳ μὴ ὑπάρχειν ἀτόμως Arist.<i>APo</i>.79^b21, cf. 79^a3.

|elrutext='''ἄτομος:'''<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[нескошенный]], [[несжатый]] ([[λειμών]] Soph.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[неделимый]] (ἄ. ἤ τινα ἔχων διαίρεσιν Plat.; οὐκ ἔστιν ἄτομα μεγέθη Arst.): ἄτομα σώματα Democr. ap. Arst. атомы; ἐν ἀτόμῳ (sc. χρόνῳ) NT в мгновение ока.<br /><b class="num">II</b> ἡ (sc. [[οὐσία]]) атом Plut., Cic.