carmen: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>carmen</b>: ĭnis, n. (old form cas-men, Varr. L. L. p. 86 Bip.) [Sanscr. çasto [[declaim]], [[praise]]; cf.: [[camilla]], [[censeo]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[tune]], [[song]]; [[poem]], [[verse]]; an [[oracular]] [[response]], a [[prophecy]]; a form of [[incantation]] (cf.: [[cano]], [[cantus]], and [[canto]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen., a [[tune]], [[song]], [[air]], [[lay]], [[strain]], [[note]], [[sound]], [[both]] [[vocal]] and [[instrumental]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]].; in [[prose]], [[instead]] of it, [[cantus]]; cf. also [[versus]], numeri, modi): [[carmen]] [[tuba]] ista peregit ( = [[sonus]]), Enn. Ann. 508 Vahl.: carmine vocali [[clarus]] citharāque [[Philammon]], Ov. M. 11, 317; cf. vocum, id. ib. 12, 157: per me (sc. Apollinem) [[concordant]] carmina nervis, id. ib. 1, 518; cf. id. ib. 11, 5; 5, 340: solaque culminibus ferali carmine [[bubo]] Saepe queri, Verg. A. 4, 462; so id. G. 4, 514; Ov. M. 10, 453: cygnorum, id. ib. 5, 387; cf. id. ib. 14, 430; Mart. 13, 77: citharae liquidum [[carmen]], Lucr. 4, 981; cf. id. 2, 506; Hor. C. 1, 15, 15: lyrae [[carmen]], Prop. 2, 1, 9 Hertzb.: canere miserabile [[carmen]], Ov. M. 5, 118: harundineum, id. Tr. 4, 1, 12: socialia carmina, id. H. 12, 139: barbaricum, id. M. 11, 163.—With [[allusion]] to playing on the [[cithara]]: hoc [[carmen]] hic [[tribunus]] [[plebis]] non [[vobis]] sed sibi [[intus]] canit, Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 68; cf. Aspendius.—Also the [[sound]] of waves, Claud. Cons. Mall. Th. 319; cf. Auct. Aetn. 295.—<br /><b>II</b> Esp., a [[composition]] in [[verse]], a [[poem]]; [[poetry]], [[verse]], [[song]], [[whether]] in a broader [[sense]], of [[every]] [[kind]] of poetic [[production]], epic, [[dramatic]], lyric (opp. to [[prose]] and to [[cantus]], the [[melody]]), or, in a [[more]] restricted [[sense]], for lyric [[poetry]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Cum hanc felicitatem non [[prosa]] [[modo]] multi sint consecuti sed [[etiam]] carmine, Quint. 10, 7, 19; cf. id. 1, 8, 2; 8, 6, 27; 10, 1, 95: perspicuum est, et [[cantus]] (melodies) tum fuisse rescriptos vocum sonis et carmina (words), Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 34; 3, 51, 197: carminibus cum res gestas coepere poetae Tradere, Lucr. 5, 1444: Maeonii carminis alite, Hor. C. 1, 6, 2: epicum [[carmen]], Quint. 10, 1, 62: heroici [[sublimitas]], id. 1, 8, 5; cf. Prop. 3 (4), 3, 16: Iliacum, Hor. A. P. 129: [[historia]] [[quodammodo]] [[carmen]] solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31: Pierium, Lucr. 1, 946; 4, 21: tragicum, Hor. A. P. 220: carmina Livi, id. Ep. 2, 1, 69; cf. Tac. A. 11, 13: Saliorum carmina, Varr. L. L. 3, 26; 9, 61; Quint. 1, 6, 40; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86 Schmid.; cf. Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.: lyricorum carmina, Quint. 9, 4, 53; Prop. 4 (5), 6, 32: Aeolium, Hor. C. 3, 30, 13: Lydis remixto carmine tibiis, id. ib. 4, 15, 30; cf. id. Epod. 9, 5: [[carmen]] funebre [[proprie]] Naenia, Quint. 8, 2, 8: carmina quae in Phaeacum epulis canuntur, Cic. Brut. 18, 71; cf. id. ib. 19, 75: lascivum, Quint. 9, 4, 108: obscena, [[satirical]], [[abusive]] poems, libels, Prop. 1, 16, 10; the [[same]]: famosum, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 31 Schmid.: [[malum]], id. ib. 2, 1, 153; id. S. 2, 1. 82 Heind.: obliquum, Stat. S. 1, 2, 27: probrosum, Tac. A. 4, 31; cf.: si [[quis]] [[carmen]] condidisset [[quod]] infamiam faceret flagitiumve alteri, Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; and Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 259 sq.; Fischer ad Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4.—Phrases: canere, Cic. Brut. 18, 71; Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.: cantare cui, Hor. C. 3, 1, 4: cantitare, Cic. Brut. 19, 75: CONDERE, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; Lucr. 5, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 82; id. A. P. 436: contexere, Cic. Cael. 8, 18: disponere, Lucr. 3, 420: pangere, id. 1, 934; 4, 9: fingere, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32; id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331: dicere, id. C. 4, 12, 10; id. C. S. 8: dictare, id. S. 1, 10, 75; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110: docere, id. C. 2, 19, 1: ad umbilicum adducere, id. Epod. 14, 7: deducere ad sua tempora, Ov. M. 1, 4: fundere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64: componere ad lyram, Quint. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. 11, 2, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In a restricted [[sense]] for lyric or epic [[poetry]]: carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur iambis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 59 Schmid.; cf.: carmina [[compono]], hic elegos, id. ib. 2, 2, 91: amabile [[carmen]], i. e. a [[love]] [[poem]] or [[song]], id. ib. 1, 3, 24.—And opp. to the [[drama]] for an epic or lyric [[poem]]: [[fabula]], quae versatur in tragoediis [[atque]] carminibus, Quint. 2, 4, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[part]] of a [[great]] epic [[poem]], a [[book]], [[canto]]: in [[primo]] carmine, Lucr. 6, 937. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A poetic [[inscription]]: et tumulum facite et [[tumulo]] superaddite [[carmen]]: [[Daphnis]] ego, etc., Verg. E. 5, 42; id. A. 3, 287; Ov. M. 14, 442; id. F. 3, 547 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[response]] of an [[oracle]], a [[prophecy]], [[prediction]]: ultima Cumaei venit jam carminis [[aetas]], Verg. E. 4, 4; so Ov. M. 6, 582; Liv. 1, 45, 5; 23, 11, 4; 25, 12, 4; 29, 10, 6; 38, 45, 3; Tac. A. 3, 63; 4, 43; 6, 12 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[magic]] [[formula]], an [[incantation]]: MALVM, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; cf. Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, a. ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 260: polleantne aliquid verba et incantamenta carminum, Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 10: carmina vel [[caelo]] possunt deducere lunam; Carminibus [[Circe]] socios mutavit Ulixi, Verg. E. 8, 69 sq.; so id. A. 4, 487; Hor. Epod. 5, 72; 17, 4; id. S. 1, 8, 19; Prop. 2 (3), 28, 35; Ov. M. 7, 137; 14, 58; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Tac. A. 2, 69; 4, 22 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; On [[account]] of the [[very]] [[ancient]] [[practice]] of composing forms of [[religion]] and [[law]] in Saturnian [[verse]], also a [[formula]] in [[religion]] or [[law]], a form: diro quodam carmine jurare, Liv. 10, 38, 10; 10, 41, 3; 31, 17, 9; 1, 24, 6 and 9; Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12: [[cruciatus]] carmina, Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. id. Mur. 12, 26: lex horrendi carminis erat: [[duumviri]] perduellionem judicent, etc., of a [[dreadful]] form, Liv. 1, 26, 6: rogationis [[carmen]], id. 3, 64, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>7</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Moral sentences [[composed]] in verses: Appii Caeci [[carmen]], Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4; cf.: [[liber]] Catonis qui [[inscriptus]] est Carmen de moribus, Gell. 11, 2, 2: ut totum illud, VTI. LINGVA. NVNCVPASSIT., non in XII. tabulis, sed in magistri carmine [[scriptum]] videretur, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245: necessarium, id. Leg. 2, 23, 59.<br /><b>carmen</b>: ĭnis, n. 1. [[caro]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[card]], for [[wool]] or [[flax]], Venant. Ep. Praem. Carm. 6, 5.

|georg=(1) [[carmen]]¹, minis, n. (aus *canmen v. [[cano]]), der [[Ton]], [[Gesang]], das [[Lied]], I) im allg.: carmine vocali [[clarus]] citharāque [[Philammon]], Ov. [[met]]. 11, 317: carmina vocum, Ov.: texere carmina, Claud. – vom [[Gesang]] [[des]] Schwans, Ov.: vom Kreischen der [[Eule]], Verg.: vom plätschernden [[Ton]] der Wellen, Claud. – II) insbes.: A) das [[Gedicht]], die [[Dichtung]], a) im [[weit]]. Sinne [[von]] [[jeder]] [[Art]] poetischer [[Produktion]], Epik, Dramatik, [[Lyrik]], im Ggstz. zur [[Prosa]] (soluta [[oratio]] od. [[prosa]]), [[während]] poëma [[nur]] [[Gedicht]] im höhern Sinne, [[bes]]. Epos, [[non]] prosā [[modo]]... [[sed]] [[etiam]] carmine, Quint.: carminum auctores, Quint.: satirici carminis (Dichtungsart) [[scriptor]], Lact.: carminum suorum [[actor]] (in einem dramatischen Stücke), Liv.: c. Saliorum, Varr. LL.: lyricorum carmina, Quint.: c. lyricum, [[Porphyr]]. Hor.: c. epicum, Quint.: c. tragicum, Hor.: c. Aeolium, Hor.: c. funebre, Quint.: c. georgicum, Col.: c. pastorale, Ter. Maur.: c. nuptiale, Hier.: c. amatorium, Augustin.: c. saeculare, Suet.: c. Saliare Numae, Hor.: obscoena carmina, schmutzige Spott-, Schmähgedichte, Prop.: [[qui]] [[cantus]] (feierliche, religiöse Gesänge), [[quae]] carmina (Lieder, [[bes]]. Rundgesänge, griech. σκόλια), Cic.: carmina levia et faciles [[versus]], leichtfertige Lieder u. spielende (tändelnde) Verse, Tac.: carmina fundere, condere, contexere, Cic.: carmina pangere, Lucr.: carmina componere od. fingere, Hor., od. facere, Verg.: carmina scribere, Hor.: [[carmen]] patrium canere, Curt.: carmina dicere in imperatorem, Liv.: ac ne [[carmen]] ([[Poesie]]) [[quidem]] sani coloris enituit, Petr. – b) lyrische [[Dichtung]], [[Ode]], Hor.: c. amabile, erotische [[Dichtung]], Hor. – u. dem [[Drama]] [[gegenüber]] [[für]] Epos u. [[Lyrik]], [[fabula]], [[quae]] versatur in tragoediis et carminibus, Quint. – c) [[ein]] [[Gesang]] = [[ein]] [[Teil]] eines größern Gedichts, eine [[Rhapsodie]], [[primum]], Lucr. 6, 937. – und eine [[Stelle]] ([[ein]] [[Vers]] od. [[mehrere]]) aus einem Gedichte, [[Vers]], Verse (s. die Auslgg. zu Cic. Tusc. 1, 37), [[illud]] mollissimum c., Cic.: Euripideum c. [[illud]], Cic.: notum est id totum [[carmen]] [[incisum]] in sepulcro, Cic. – d) eine poetische [[Inschrift]], Verg., Prop. u.a.: od. [[Aufschrift]], [[wie]] [[über]] den Eingängen der [[Tempel]], Cic. Arch. 27. – B) [[ein]] [[Orakelspruch]], Weissagespruch, eine [[Weissagung]], Verg., Liv. u.a.: carmina Sibyllina, Lact. – C) [[ein]] Zauberspruch, eine [[Zauberformel]], XII tabb. fr., Quint., Verg. u.a. – D) [[ein]] [[Rätsel]] in Versen, [[carmen]] ponere, interpretari, solvere, Hyg. fab. 67. – E) [[wegen]] [[des]] uralten Gebrauchs, Sittensprüche, Lehrformeln, Eides-, Religions- u. Gesetzesformeln im saturnin. [[Versmaß]] abzufassen, [[ein]] [[Spruch]], eine [[Formel]], insbes. eine Religions-, Eides-, Gebets-, Gesetzesformel, Appii Caeci c., Sittengedichte, Cic.: Catonis c. de moribus, Gell.: c. magistri, Cic.: c. necessarium, Cic. – diro quodam carmine iurare, Liv. – [[lex]] horrendi carminis, [[von]] schrecklichem Inhalte, Liv.: [[carmen]] rogationis, Liv.: carmina [[cruciatus]], Cic.: alci [[carmen]] componere, Cic. – [[carmen]] (Gebetlied, [[Gebet]]) Christo [[quasi]] deo dicere [[secum]] [[invicem]], Plin. ep.: [[sollemne]] [[carmen]] precationis peragere, Liv.: ex carmine [[sacro]] praeeunte verba sacerdote precationes facere, Liv. – / Vgl. übh. H. Düntzer Das [[Wort]] [[carmen]] [[als]] [[Spruch]], [[Formel]], [[Lehre]] (in Zeitschr. [[für]] das Gymnasialw. 11, 1 ff.).<br />'''(2)''' [[carmen]]², minis, n. ([[caro]], ere), die Krempel, Ven. [[Fort]]. init. epist. praem. carm. 5, 6.

}}

}}