θέμις: Difference between revisions

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|Beta Code=qe/mis
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|Definition=ἡ, old Ep. gen. <b class="b3">θέμιστος</b> (in Hom. the only declension): acc. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.5.761</span>, θέμιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1431</span>, etc.: gen. pl. θεμιστέων <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>235</span>: pr. n. Θέμις, Θέμιστος <span class="bibl">Od.2.68</span>, Θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.20.4</span>; dat. Θέμιστι <span class="bibl">15.87</span>; but Θέμιτος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.8</span>, Θέμιδος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>18</span>, etc., <b class="b3">Θέμιος</b> (v.l. [[-ιδος]]) <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.50</span>, Θέμιν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1611.71: voc. Θέμι <span class="bibl">Il.15.93</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>160</span>(anap.): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">that which is laid down</b> or <b class="b2">established, law</b> (not as fixed by statute, but) <b class="b2">as established by custom</b>, <b class="b3">θ. ἐστί</b> 'tis <b class="b2">meet and right</b>, c. dat. pers. et inf., οὔ μοι θ. ἐστὶ ξεῖνον ἀτιμῆσαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.56</span>; <b class="b3">ἅ τε ξείνοις θ. ἐστὶν [παραθεῖναι</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.11.779</span>; <b class="b3">ὅ οἱ Διόθεν θ. ἦεν [ἐκτελέσαι</b>] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>22</span>; <b class="b3">γυναικὶ οὐ θ</b>. <span class="title">SIG</span>1024.9(Myconos,iii/ii B.C.): without dat., <span class="bibl">Il.16.796</span>, <span class="bibl">23.44</span>; οὐ θ. ἐν μοισοπόλων οἰκίᾳ θρῆνον ἔμμεν' Sapph.136; ὅτι δυνατὸν καὶ θ. αἰνεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>880</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>346</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 678</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250b</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.92</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ γὰρ θ</b>. for so 'tis <b class="b2">right</b> [to do], <span class="bibl">Od.24.286</span>; freq. <b class="b3">ἣ θ. ἐστί</b> as <b class="b2">the custom</b> is, <span class="bibl">Il.2.73</span>: c. dat. (= loc.), ἣ θ. ἐστίν . . ἀγορῇ <span class="bibl">9.33</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ἣ θ. ἀνθρώπων πέλει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">134</span>; ἣ θ. ἐστὶ γυναικός <span class="bibl">Od.14.130</span>; also ᾗ θ. ἀνθρώποις κατὰ ἤθεα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>137</span>; <b class="b3">θύειν τοὺς γεωργοὺς . . ᾗ</b> (with ι) θέμις <span class="title">IG</span>22.1364 (i A.D.); but <b class="b3">ᾗ θέμις ἐστί</b> is rejected for Hom. by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.516</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>148.28</span>: indecl., <b class="b3">πότερα κατ' ἔχθραν ἢ τὸ μὴ θέμις λέγεις</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>336</span>; ὥστε μὴ . . θέμις σέ γ' εἶναι κεῖνον ἀντιδρᾶν κακῶς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1191</span>; οὐδὲ . . φασὶ θέμις εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>505c</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>11.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>1.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">justice, right</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>810</span>; ὅσα τείνει πρὸς θέμιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>188d</span>; <b class="b2">penalty</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκτίνειν ὁμοιΐαν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 436</span> (lyr.); <b class="b2">sanctity</b>, <b class="b3">ὁρκίων ἐμῶν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1431</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> = [[ἀγὼν θεματίτης]], <span class="title">IGRom.</span>3.319 (Pisid.); <b class="b3">νικήσας θέμιν ἀνδρῶν</b> ib.437 (Termessus). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> pl. θέμιστες, <b class="b2">decrees</b> of the gods, <b class="b2">oracles</b>, <b class="b3">Διὸς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od. 16.403</span>; <b class="b3">θέμισσιν</b> <b class="b2">by oracles</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>10(11).24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">dooms</b>, customary <b class="b2">laws, ordinances</b>, δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται <span class="bibl">Il.1.238</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>235</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖσιν δ'</b> (i.e. the Cyclopes) οὔτ' ἀγοραὶ βουληφόροι οὔτε θέμιστες <span class="bibl">Od.9.112</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε δίκας εὖ εἰδότα οὔτε θέμιστας</b> neither rights nor <b class="b2">laws</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">215</span>: in sg., ὃς οὔ τινα οἶδε θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.5.761</span>; ἵνα σφ' ἀγορή τε θέμις τε <span class="bibl">11.807</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">judgements, decisions</b> given by the kings or judges, οἳ . . σκολιὰς κρίνωσι θέμιστας <span class="bibl">16.387</span>; <b class="b3">σκολιῇς δὲ δίκῃς κρίνωσι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>221</span>; διακρίνοντα θ. ἰθείῃσι δίκῃσιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 85</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">tribute, dues</b>, λιπαρὰς τελέουσι θέμιστας <span class="bibl">Il.9.156</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> pr. n., <span class="title">Themis</span>, ἥ τ' ἀνδρῶν ἀγορὰς ἠμὲν λύει ἠδὲ καθίζει <span class="bibl">2.68</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.15.87</span>, <span class="bibl">20.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>18</span>, etc.</span>
|Definition=ἡ, old Ep. gen. <b class="b3">θέμιστος</b> (in Hom. the only declension): acc. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.5.761</span>, θέμιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1431</span>, etc.: gen. pl. θεμιστέων <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>235</span>: pr. n. Θέμις, Θέμιστος <span class="bibl">Od.2.68</span>, Θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.20.4</span>; dat. Θέμιστι <span class="bibl">15.87</span>; but Θέμιτος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.8</span>, Θέμιδος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>18</span>, etc., <b class="b3">Θέμιος</b> (v.l. [[-ιδος]]) <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.50</span>, Θέμιν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1611.71: voc. Θέμι <span class="bibl">Il.15.93</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>160</span>(anap.): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">that which is laid down</b> or <b class="b2">established, law</b> (not as fixed by statute, but) <b class="b2">as established by custom</b>, <b class="b3">θ. ἐστί</b> 'tis <b class="b2">meet and right</b>, c. dat. pers. et inf., οὔ μοι θ. ἐστὶ ξεῖνον ἀτιμῆσαι <span class="bibl">Od.14.56</span>; <b class="b3">ἅ τε ξείνοις θ. ἐστὶν [παραθεῖναι</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.11.779</span>; <b class="b3">ὅ οἱ Διόθεν θ. ἦεν [ἐκτελέσαι</b>] <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>22</span>; <b class="b3">γυναικὶ οὐ θ</b>. <span class="title">SIG</span>1024.9(Myconos,iii/ii B.C.): without dat., <span class="bibl">Il.16.796</span>, <span class="bibl">23.44</span>; οὐ θ. ἐν μοισοπόλων οἰκίᾳ θρῆνον ἔμμεν' Sapph.136; ὅτι δυνατὸν καὶ θ. αἰνεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>98</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>880</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>346</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 678</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250b</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.92</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ γὰρ θ</b>. for so 'tis <b class="b2">right</b> [to do], <span class="bibl">Od.24.286</span>; freq. <b class="b3">ἣ θ. ἐστί</b> as <b class="b2">the custom</b> is, <span class="bibl">Il.2.73</span>: c. dat. (= loc.), ἣ θ. ἐστίν . . ἀγορῇ <span class="bibl">9.33</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ἣ θ. ἀνθρώπων πέλει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">134</span>; ἣ θ. ἐστὶ γυναικός <span class="bibl">Od.14.130</span>; also ᾗ θ. ἀνθρώποις κατὰ ἤθεα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>137</span>; <b class="b3">θύειν τοὺς γεωργοὺς . . ᾗ</b> (with ι) θέμις <span class="title">IG</span>22.1364 (i A.D.); but <b class="b3">ᾗ θέμις ἐστί</b> is rejected for Hom. by Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.516</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>148.28</span>: indecl., <b class="b3">πότερα κατ' ἔχθραν ἢ τὸ μὴ θέμις λέγεις</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>336</span>; ὥστε μὴ . . θέμις σέ γ' εἶναι κεῖνον ἀντιδρᾶν κακῶς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1191</span>; οὐδὲ . . φασὶ θέμις εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>505c</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>11.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>1.60</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">justice, right</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>810</span>; ὅσα τείνει πρὸς θέμιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>188d</span>; <b class="b2">penalty</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκτίνειν ὁμοιΐαν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 436</span> (lyr.); <b class="b2">sanctity</b>, <b class="b3">ὁρκίων ἐμῶν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1431</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> = [[ἀγὼν θεματίτης]], <span class="title">IGRom.</span>3.319 (Pisid.); <b class="b3">νικήσας θέμιν ἀνδρῶν</b> ib.437 (Termessus). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> pl. θέμιστες, <b class="b2">decrees</b> of the gods, <b class="b2">oracles</b>, <b class="b3">Διὸς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Od. 16.403</span>; <b class="b3">θέμισσιν</b> <b class="b2">by oracles</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>10(11).24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">dooms</b>, customary <b class="b2">laws, ordinances</b>, δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται <span class="bibl">Il.1.238</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>235</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖσιν δ'</b> (i.e. the Cyclopes) οὔτ' ἀγοραὶ βουληφόροι οὔτε θέμιστες <span class="bibl">Od.9.112</span>; <b class="b3">οὔτε δίκας εὖ εἰδότα οὔτε θέμιστας</b> neither rights nor <b class="b2">laws</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">215</span>: in sg., ὃς οὔ τινα οἶδε θέμιστα <span class="bibl">Il.5.761</span>; ἵνα σφ' ἀγορή τε θέμις τε <span class="bibl">11.807</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">judgements, decisions</b> given by the kings or judges, οἳ . . σκολιὰς κρίνωσι θέμιστας <span class="bibl">16.387</span>; <b class="b3">σκολιῇς δὲ δίκῃς κρίνωσι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>221</span>; διακρίνοντα θ. ἰθείῃσι δίκῃσιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 85</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">tribute, dues</b>, λιπαρὰς τελέουσι θέμιστας <span class="bibl">Il.9.156</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> pr. n., <span class="title">Themis</span>, ἥ τ' ἀνδρῶν ἀγορὰς ἠμὲν λύει ἠδὲ καθίζει <span class="bibl">2.68</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.15.87</span>, <span class="bibl">20.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>18</span>, etc.</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1194.png Seite 1194]] ἡ, alter gen. θέμιστος; so immer bei Hom., auch vom nom. pr.; att. u. dor. θέμιτος; doch kommt bei den Tragg. u. in att. Prosa nur der nomin. vor u. der acc. θέμιν; ion. θέμιος, später gew. θέμιδος ([[τίθημι]]); das Eingesetzte, die <b class="b2">Satzung</b>, das <b class="b2">Gesetz</b>, insoweit es auf altem heiligem Brauche beruht; so bes. bei Hom. in der Vrbdg [[θέμις]] ἐστί, es ist nach altem Brauche Recht, erlaubt, billig, fas est, οὔ μοι [[θέμις]] ἐστὶ ξεῖνον ἀτιμῆσαι Od. 14, 56, vgl. Il. 14, 388, wo [[δέος]] entgegensteht; 1g, 796. 23, 44; ἥ [[θέμις]] ἐστί, was od. wie es Rechtens, wie es Sitte u. Brauch ist, gew. ᾗ [[θέμις]] ἐστί geschrieben, vgl. Spitzner exc. 11. zur Il. 2, 73 u. Lehrs Quaest. Ep. p. 44; Hes. O. 139; auch c. gen., ἣ [[θέμις]] ἀνθρώπων πέλει, Il. 9, 134. 277. 19, 177; ξείνια ἅ τε ξείνοις [[θέμις]] ἐστί (wo man nicht nothwendig δοῦναι ergänzen muß), die den Gästen ein Recht sind, ihnen nach heiligem Brauche gebühren, 11, 779. So auch Tragg.; ὅτι καὶ δυνατὸν καὶ [[θέμις]] αἰνεῖν Aesch. Ag. 98; παρθενίου θ' αἵματος ἐπιθυμεῖν [[θέμις]] 210; Suppl. 331 πότερα κατ' ἔχθραν ἢ τὸ μὴ [[θέμις]] λέγεις; u. so indeclinabel Soph. O. C. 1193, nach wahrscheinlicher Lesart; bet Plat. Gorg. 505 d, οὐδὲ τοὺς μύθους φασὶ μεταξὺ [[θέμις]] εἶναι καταλείπειν, ist εἶναι auszulassen u. φασί als Zwischensatz zu nehmen; stcherer aber ist Xen. Oec. 11, 11 u. Ael. H. A. 1, 60; Soph. εἴ μοι [[θέμις]], θέλοιμ' ἄν, Phil. 657; O. C. 650. 1553; [[οὐκέτι]] μοι [[τόδε]] λαμπάδος ἱερὸν [[ὄμμα]] [[θέμις]] ὁρᾶν ταλαίνᾳ, ich darf nicht länger, Ant. 871; εἰ [[θέμις]] κλύειν Eur. Med. 675; εἰ ψαύοιμεν ὧν μή μοι [[θέμις]] I. A. 834, sc. ψαύειν; in Prosa, ἥν [[θέμις]] λέγειν μακαριωτάτην Plat. Phaedr. 250b; οὐ [[θέμις]] εἰπεῖν Isocr. 4, 92; Sp., οὐ θ. καταφρονεῖν Luc. Nigr. fl; ἐν τισὶ μὲν ἱεροῖς [[θέμις]] ἐσθίειν [[ἰχθῦς]], ἐν ἄλλοις δὲ ἀσεβές S. Emp. pyrrh. 3, 923. – Im plur., bei Hom. sowohl δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς [[εἰρύαται]], welche die Gesetze aufrecht erhalten durch ihr Rechtsprechen, Il. 1, 238, als die richterliche Gewalt, ᾡ ἔδωκε Κρόνου [[παῖς]] σκῆπτρόν τ' ἠδὲ θέμιστας 2, 206; δίκῃ δ' ἴθυνε θέμιστας Hes. O. 9, mit Gerechtigkeit verwalte das Recht; οὐδὲ θεμίστων λήθεται, u. vergißt nicht der Gerechtigkeit, Theog. 235; δίκαι καὶ θέμιστες, Recht u. Gesetz, Od. 9, 215. Auch streitige Rechtsfälle, Rechtshändel, eigtl. wo Sitte u. Herkommen streitig geworden u. die Könige entscheiden müssen, κρίνειν θέμιστας, Il. 16, 387; Hes. Th. 85; vgl. nach οὔτ' ἀγοραὶ [[οὔτε]] θέμιστες Od. 9, 112, entweder Ordnung, regelnde Sitten, od. richterliche Entscheidungen nach altem Brauch. – Im sing., ἵνα σφ' ἀγορή τε [[θέμις]] τε ἤην Il. 11, 807, ὃς οὔ τινα οἶδε [[θέμιστα]] 5, 761, der kein Recht kennt, ein [[ἀθέμιστος]]. – Anders λιπαρὰς τελέουσι θέμιστας 9, 15g. 298, sie zahlen reichliche Gebühren, die der König einzufordern das Recht hatte. – Λιὸς θέμιστες, die Satzungen des Zeus, seine als Gesetz geltenden Aussprüche, vom Orakel in Dodona, Od. 16, 403; dah. das Orakel, τὸν μὲν Φοῖβος [[ἀμνάσει]] θέμισσιν Pind. P. 4, 54. – Uebh. das Recht, das Gesetz; καὶ τήνδ' ἀκούεις ὁρκίων ἐμῶν θέμιν Assch. Ag. 1405; [[ἐπεί]] μοι τὴν θέμιν σὺ προὔβαλες Soph. Tr. 807; ὅσα τείνει πρὸς θέμιν καὶ ἀσέβειαν Plat. Conv. 188 d; Legg.XI, 925 d; auch Strafe, μένει Ἄρει 'κτί. νειν ὁμοίαν θέμιν Aesch. Suppl. 431. – Vgl. übrigens nom. pr.
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