ἀγάπη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[Image:Agapi-oxford.jpg|thumb|250px

|The entry for "agape" from the Oxford 1996 edition]] ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">love</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Je.</span>2.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ca.</span>2.7</span>, al.; ἀ. καὶ μῖσος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>9.1</span>; dub. l. in <span class="title">PBerol.</span>9859 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Lib.</span>p.52</span> O; of the love of husband and wife, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> esp. <b class="b2">love</b> of God for man and of man for God, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Wi.</span>3.9</span>, Aristeas <span class="bibl">229</span>; φόβος καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Ph.1.283</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>5.8</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>5.14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>11.42</span>, al.:—also <b class="b2">brotherly love, charity</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>13.1</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in pl., <b class="b2">love-feast</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Pet.</span> 2.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Jud.</span>12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">alms, charity</b>, PGen.14 (iv/v A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">ἀγάπη θεῶν</b>, title of Isis, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1380.109</span> (ii A. D.).</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0009.png Seite 9]] ἡ, Liebe, N. T.

|lstext='''ἀγάπη''': ἡ, φιλικὴ [[πρός]] τινα [[διάθεσις]], ἀγ. καὶ [[μῖσος]], Ο΄. (Ἐκκλ. θ΄ 1 κ. ἀλλ.)· ἰδίως, ἀδελφικὴ [[ἀγάπη]], Κορινθ. Α΄, ιγ΄, 1 ἑξ., καὶ ἀλλ.· ἡ στοργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πρὸς τὸν Θεόν, Φίλων. 1. 283, Ῥωμ. ε΄, 8, Κορ. Β΄, ε΄, 14, Εὐαγ. Λουκ. ια΄, 42, καὶ ἀλλ. ΙΙ. τὸ ἀντικείμενον τῆς ἀγάπης τινός, Ο΄. (ᾎσμ. β΄, 7). ΙΙΙ. πληθ. ἀγάπης [[συμπόσιον]], γινόμενον μεταξὺ τῶν πρώτων Χριστιανῶν, Ἐπ. Πέτρ. Β΄, β΄, 13, Ἐπ. Ἰούδ. 12. Τὸ [[ὄνομα]] ἀπαντᾷ πρῶτον παρὰ τοῖς Ο΄, καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς συγγραφεῦσιν, ἂν καὶ τὰ [[ἀγαπάζω]], [[ἀγαπάω]] καὶ τὰ ἐξ αὐτῶν παράγωγ. [[εἶναι]] συχνὰ παρὰ τοῖς δοκίμοις συγγραφ. (Τὸ [[συμπόσιον]] τῶν πιστῶν κατὰ τοὺς πρώτους χρόνους τοῦ χριστιανισμοῦ· ἁγ. Ἰγν. ἐπιστ. πρὸς Σμυρναίους ἀρ. 8· οὐκ ἐξόν ἐστιν χωρὶς τοῦ ἐπισκόπου [[οὔτε]] βαπτίζειν [[οὔτε]] ἀγάπην ποιεῖν. Ἐν τῇ ἐν Λαοδικ. Συν. καν. 27 καὶ καν. 28, οὐ δεῖ ἐν τοῖς κυριακοῖς ἢ ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τὰ λεγομένας ἀγάπας ποιεῖν. Εἶτα ἐν τῇ Ἐκκλ. γλωσ. = [[φίλημα]], καὶ [[μετὰ]] τὸ δοθῆναι τὴν ἀγάπην· πρβλ. Συμ. Θεσσ. [[εἶτα]] τὴν ἀρχιερατικὴν δεξιάν ... καὶ ἔτι τὴν παρειὰν διὰ τὴν θείαν ἀγάπην).

|dgtxt=-ης, ἡ<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>sent. erót. [[amor]], [[deseo]] τετρωμένη ἀγάπης [[ἐγώ]] LXX <i>Ca</i>.2.5, cf. Anon.<i>in Ptol</i>.52<br /><b class="num">•</b>meton. [[amor]], [[persona amada]] prob. como n. pr. de pers. <i>ARV</i> 1.16 (VI a.C.), dud. Ἀγάπα <i>IThess</i>.1.82 (Fársalo V a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>ὥρκισα ὑμᾶς ... ἐὰν ἐγείρητε καὶ ἐξεγείρητε τὴν ἀγάπην, ἕως οὗ θελήσῃ os conmino a que no despertéis ni desveléis a la amada, hasta que ella quiera</i> LXX <i>Ca</i>.2.7, 3.5, cf. 7.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>como una virtud [[amor conyugal]] junto a otras virtudes de la esposa difunta πίστις εὔνοια ἀρετὴ [[ἀγάπη]] <i>GVI</i> 1436.3 (II/III d.C.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> sent. general [[amor]], [[afecto]] Phld.<i>Lib</i>.13a.3, op. μῖσος LXX <i>Ec</i>.9.6, συνέβη οὖν ἀντὶ τῆς πολλῆς ἀγάπης μεγίστην ἔχθραν μεταξὺ ἐσχηκέναι entre el águila y la zorra, Aesop.1.2, ἡ πρὸς τὰ ἄψυχά ἐστιν [[ἀγάπη]] Heliod.<i>in EN</i> p.171.15, cf. 18, ἡ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἑκάστου [[ἀγάπη]] Heliod.<i>in EN</i> p.195.12, c. gen. de abstr. ἀ. παιδείας amor a la sabiduría</i> LXX <i>Sap</i>.6.17, τῆς πατρίδος 1<i>Ep.Clem</i>.55.5<br /><b class="num">•</b>meton. [[objeto o motivo de afecto o placer]], [[amor]], [[delicia]] equiv. al lat. <i>amor</i> o <i>deliciae</i> c. gen. en expr. encomiásticas, de Isis ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ ἀ[γά] πην θεῶν <i>Hymn.Is</i>.109 (Oxirrinco), cf. 28, prob. tb. de Isis <i>gph šl Romy</i>, el amor de Roma</i> Rab.<i>SNu</i>.115, Rab.<i>TB.Pes</i>.8.87b.<br /><b class="num">3</b> sent. relig. [[amor]] recíproco entre Dios y hombre, LXX <i>Sap</i>.3.9, Aristeas 229, φόβος καὶ ἀ. Ph.1.283, entre Dios y Jesús τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης [[αὐτοῦ]] <i>Ep.Col</i>.1.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[amor cristiano]], [[caridad]], <i>Ep.Rom</i>.13.10, 1<i>Ep.Cor</i>.13.1, πίστις ἐλπὶς [[ἀγάπη]] fe, esperanza y caridad</i>, 1<i>Ep.Cor</i>.13.13, cf. Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.2.18.86, Cypr.<i>Testim</i>.3.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>como tít. ἡ [[ἀγάπη]] σου Su Caridad</i> Gr.Nyss.<i>Ep</i>.19.3, Basil.<i>Ep</i>.81, <i>POxy</i>.1870.3 (V d.C.).<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[favor]] ἀγάπην θέλω ποιῆσαί σοι <i>PUniv.Giss</i>.25.13 (IV d.C., cf. <i>BL</i> 2(2).68).<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[limosna]] λαμβάνειν ἀγάπην <i>PGen</i>.14.7 (biz.), cf. Ign.<i>Sm</i>.6.2, <i>Apoph.Patr</i>.M.65.237C.<br /><b class="num">III</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[ágape]], [[comida o fiesta fraternal de los cristianos]] ἀγάπην ποιεῖν Ign.<i>Sm</i>.8.2, cf. Clem.Al.<i>Paed</i>.2.1.5, Pall.<i>H.Laus</i>.16.45, Hieron.<i>Ep</i>.22.32.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en testamentos, en plu. [[honras fúnebres]] prob. consistentes en algún tipo de ágape τὸ ἥμισυ μέρος τῆς ἐμῆς σιτα[ρχίας δοθῆναι] εἰς τὰς ἐμὰς ἀγάπας <i>POxy</i>.1901.52 (VI d.C.), cf. 50, <i>Stud.Pal</i>.1 p.7.27 (V d.C.), μὴ φροντίσητε ποιεῖν ἀγάπας ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ <i>Apoph.Patr</i>.M.65.105B.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[comunidad]], [[iglesia]] ἀσπάζεται ὑμᾶς ἡ ἀ. Σμυρναίων Ign.<i>Tr</i>.13.1.<br /><b class="num">4</b> los [[ágapes]] heréticos, <i>Ep.Iud</i>.12, cf. 2<i>Ep.Petr</i>.2.13 (ap.crít.), denominación criticada por la ortodoxia οὐ γὰρ ἀγάπην εἴποιμ' ἂν [[ἔγωγε]] τὴν συνέλευσιν αὐτῶν Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.3.2.10, de los carpocracianos μιγνύσθαι, ὅπως ἐθέλοιεν, αἷς βούλοιντο, μελετήσαντας δὲ ἐν τοιαύτῃ ἀγάπῃ τὴν κοινωνίαν <i>ib</i>., de donde gener. como ref. blasfema de prácticas inmorales, de los simonianos μακαρίζουσιν ἑαυτοὺς ἐπὶ τῇ ξένῃ μίξει, ταύτην εἶναι λέγοντες τὴν τελείαν ἀγάπην Hippol.<i>Haer</i>.6.19.5, λέγων τῇ [[ἑαυτοῦ]] γυναικί ... ποίησον τὴν ἀγάπην μετὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ Epiph.Const.<i>Haer</i>.26.4.4.

|astxt=† [[ἀγάπη]], -ης, ἡ [in LXX for אַהֲבָה, [[which]] is [[also]] rendered by [[ἀγάπησις]] and [[φιλία]];] <br />[[love]], goodwill, [[esteem]]. Outside of bibl. and eccl. books, [[there]] is no [[clear]] [[instance]] ([[with]] Deiss., LAE, 18:4, 70:2, cf. the [[same]] [[writer]] in Constr. Quar., ii, 4; and [[with]] MM, VGT, s.v., cf. Dr. Moulton in Exp. Times, xxvi, 3, 139). In NT, [[like]] [[ἀγαπάω]], -ῶ,<br /><b class="num">1.</b>Of men's [[love]]:<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>to [[one]] [[another]], Jo 13:35; <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>to God, I Jo 2:5.<br /><b class="num">2.</b>Of [[divine]] [[love]];<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>God's [[love]]: to men, Ro 5:8; to Christ, Jo 17:26; <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>Christ's [[love]] to men: Ro 8:35. <br /><b class="num">3.</b>In pl., [[love]] feasts: Ju 12 (DB, iii, 157).SYN.: [[φιλία]]. ἀ., signifying [[properly]] (v.s. [[ἀγαπάω]]) [[love]] [[which]] chooses its [[object]], is taken [[over]] [[from]] LXX, [[where]] its connotation is [[more]] [[general]], [[into]] NT, and [[there]] used [[exclusively]] to [[express]] [[that]] [[spiritual]] [[bond]] of [[love]] [[between]] God and [[man]] and [[between]] [[man]] and [[man]], in Christ, [[which]] is [[characteristic]] of Christianity. It is thusdistinct [[from]] [[φιλία]], [[friendship]] (Ja 4:4 [[only]]), [[στοργή]], [[natural]] [[affection]] (in NT [[only]] in compounds, v.s. [[ἄστοργος]]) and [[ἔρως]], [[sexual]] [[love]], [[which]] is [[not]] used in NT, its [[place]] [[being]] taken by [[ἐπιθυμία]]. (Cf. [[ἀγαπάω]]; and v. Abbott, Essays, 70f.;DB, vol. i., 555; Cremer, 13, 593; MM, VGT, s.v.).

|txtha=(ης, ἡ, a [[purely]] Biblical and ecclesiastical [[word]] (for Wyttenbach, [[following]] Reiske's [[conjecture]], [[long]] [[ago]] restored ἀγαπήσων in [[place]] of ἀγάπης, ὧν in [[Plutarch]], sympos. quaestt. 7,6, 3 (vol. viii., p. 835, Reiske edition)). Secular authors from ([[Aristotle]]), [[Plutarch]] on used [[ἀγάπησις]]. "The Sept. [[use]] [[ἀγάπη]] for אַהֲבָה, LXX translators had of the [[love]] in [[this]] Song" (Zezschwitz, Profangraec. u. Biblical Sprachgeist, p. 63)); [[Philo]] and Josephus, I do [[not]] [[remember]] to [[have]] met [[with]] it. Nor is it [[found]] in the N. T. in Acts , Mark , or James; it occurs [[only]] [[once]] in Matthew and Luke , [[twice]] in Hebrews and Revelation , [[but]] [[frequently]] in the writings of Paul, John , Peter, Jude" (Bretschn. Lex. [[under]] the [[word]]); ([[Philo]], deus immut. § 14). In [[signification]] it follows the [[verb]] [[ἀγαπάω]]; [[consequently]] it denotes<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[affection]], [[good-will]], [[love]], [[benevolence]]: ἡ [[ἀγάπη]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ; (obj. genitive (Winer's Grammar, 185 (175))), [[τοῦ]] πατρός); ἀγάπην [[εἰς]] τινα, L WH [[omit]]; Tr marginal [[reading]] brackets [[τήν]] ἀγάπην); τῇ ἐξ [[ὑμῶν]] ἐν [[ἡμῖν]] i. e. [[love]] [[going]] [[forth]] from [[your]] [[soul]] and [[taking]] up its [[abode]] as it were in ours, equivalent to [[your]] [[love]] to us, Winer s Grammar, 193 (181 f); B. 329 (283)); μεθ' [[ὑμῶν]] i. e. is [[present]] [[with]] (embraces) [[you]], μεθ' [[ἡμῶν]] i. e. [[seen]] [[among]] us, ἔχειν ἀγάπην [[εἰς]] τινα, L T Tr, [[but]] WH brackets); ἀγάπην διδόναι to [[give]] a [[proof]] of [[love]], ἀγαπᾶν ἀγάπην τινα, [[ἀγαπάω]], [[under]] the [[end]]); ἀγάπης [[τοῦ]] πνεύματος, i. e. enkindled by the Holy Spirit, ὁ [[υἱός]] τῆς ἀγάπης the Son [[who]] is the [[object]] of [[love]], equivalent to [[ἀγαπητός]], Winer s Grammar, 237 (222); (Buttmann, 162 (141))); ὁ Θεός τῆς ἀγάπης the [[author]] of [[love]], [[κόπος]] τῆς ἀγάπης [[troublesome]] [[service]], [[toil]], undertaken from [[love]], ἀγάπην τῆς ἀληθείας [[love]] [[which]] embraces the [[truth]], ὁ Θεός [[ἀγάπη]] ἐστιν God is [[wholly]] [[love]], his [[nature]] is summed up in [[love]], [[φίλημα]] ἀγάπης a [[kiss]] as a [[sign]] [[among]] Christians of [[mutual]] [[affection]], [[διά]] [[τήν]] ἀγάπην [[that]] [[love]] [[may]] [[have]] [[opportunity]] of influencing thee ('in [[order]] to [[give]] [[scope]] to the [[power]] of [[love]],' DeWette, Wies.), ἐν [[ἀγάπη]] [[lovingly]], in an [[affectionate]] [[spirit]], ἐν [[ἀγάπη]] is to be [[connected]] [[not]] [[with]] ἀληθεύοντες [[but]] [[with]] αὐξήσωμεν), ἐξ ἀγάπης influenced by [[love]], [[κατά]] ἀγάπην in a [[manner]] [[befitting]] [[love]], [[ἀγάπη]], ἀγαπᾶν, cf. Gelpke in the Studien und Kritiken for 1849, p. 646f; on the [[idea]] and [[nature]] of Christian [[love]] [[see]] Köstlin, Lehrbgr. des Ev. Joh. etc., p. 248ff, 332ff; Rückert, Theologie, ii. 452ff; Lipsius, Paulin. Reehtfertigungsl., p. 188ff; (Reuss, Theol. Chret. livr. vii. chap. 13).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> plural, ἀγαπαι, , agapae, [[love]]-feasts, feasts expressing and fostering [[mutual]] [[love]] [[which]] used to be held by Christians [[before]] the celebration of the Lord's [[supper]], and at [[which]] the poorer Christians [[mingled]] [[with]] the wealthier and partook in [[common]] [[with]] the [[rest]] of [[food]] provided at the [[expense]] of the [[wealthy]]: L Tr [[text]] WH marginal [[reading]]), cf. Tertullian, Apology c. 39, and ad Martyr. c, 3; Cypr. ad Quirin. 3,3; Drescher, De vet. christ. Agapis. Giess. 1824; Mangold in Schenkel 1:53 f; (B. D. [[under]] the [[word]] Smith's Bible Dictionary, Love-Feasts; Dict. of Christ. Antiq. [[under]] the [[word]] Agapae; [[more]] [[fully]] in McClintock and Strong, [[under]] the [[word]] McClintock and Strong, Agape).