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μορφή: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=morfi | |Transliteration C=morfi | ||
|Beta Code=morfh/ | |Beta Code=morfh/ | ||
|Definition=ἡ, < | |Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[form]], [[shape]], twice in Hom. (not in Hes.), <b class="b3">σοὶ δ' ἔπι μὲν μορφὴ ἐπέων</b> thou hast [[comeliness]] of words, Od.11.367 (cf. Eust. ad loc.); so prob. <b class="b3">ἄλλος μὲν… εἶδος ἀκιδνότερος πέλει [[ἀνήρ]], ἀλλὰ θεὸς μορφὴν ἔπεσι στέφει</b> God adds a [[crown]] of [[shapeliness]] to his words, Od.8.170: freq. later, μορφὰς δύο ὀνομάζειν Parm.8.53; μορφὴν ἀλλάξαντα Emp.137.1; μορφὰν [[βραχύς]] Pi.''I.''4(3).53; <b class="b3">μορφῆς μέτρα</b> [[shape]] and [[size]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''1063: [[periphrasis]], μορφῆς φύσις A.''Supp.''496; <b class="b3">μορφῆς σχῆμα, τύπωμα</b>, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''992, ''Ph.''162; τὴν αὐτὴν τοῦ σχήματος μορφήν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''640b34; καὶ Γαῖα, πολλῶν ὀνομάτων μ. μία [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''212; <b class="b3">ὀνειράτων ἀλίγκιοι μορφαῖσιν</b> ib.449; νυκτέρων φαντασμάτων ἔχουσι μορφάς Id.''Fr.''312; προὔπεμψεν ἀντὶ φιλτάτης μ. σποδόν S.''El.''1159; of plants, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 1.1.12 (pl.); esp. with ref. to [[beauty of form]], ὑπέρφατον μορφᾷ Pi.''O.''9.65; <b class="b3">οἷς ποτιστάξῃ χάρις εὐκλέα μ.</b> ib.6.76, cf. ''IG''42 (1).121.119 (Epid., iv B. C.), [[LXX]] ''To.''1.13, Vett.Val.1.6, etc.; σῶμα μορφῆς ἐμῆς ''OGI''383.41 (Commagene, i B. C.); <b class="b3">μορφῆς εἰκόνας</b> ib.27; <b class="b3">χαρακτῆρα μορφῆς ἐμῆς</b> ib.60.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[form]], [[fashion]], [[appearance]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''78, S.''Tr.''699, ''El.''199 (lyr.); [[outward form]],opp. [[εἶδος]], ἑκατέρω τῶ εἴδεος πολλαὶ μ. Philol.5; ἀλλάττοντα τὸ αὑτοῦ εἶδος εἰς πολλὰς μορφάς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 380d; μ. θεῶν [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.3.13, cf. ''Ep.Phil.''2.6, Dam.''Pr.''304; ἡρώων εἴδεα καὶ μορφάς A.R.4.1193; <b class="b3">κατά τε μορφὰς καὶ φωνάς</b> [[gesticulation]]s and cries, D.H.14.9; <b class="b3">τὴν μ. μελάγχρους, τῇ μ. μελίχροας</b>, in [[complexion]], Ptol.''Tetr.''143, 144.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[kind]], [[sort]], E. ''Ion'' 382, 1068 (lyr.), [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 397c, etc. (Possibly cogn. with Lat. [[forma]] for morgu̯hmā, with [[f]] by dissimilation, cf. [[μύρμηξ]].) | ||
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|txtha=μορφῆς, ἡ (from [[root]] signifying 'to [[lay]] [[hold]] of', '[[seize]]' (cf. German Fassung); Fick, Part i., p. 174; Vanicek, p. 719), from Homer down, the [[form]] by [[which]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] strikes the [[vision]]; the [[external]] [[appearance]]: children are said to [[reflect]] ψυχῆς τέ καί μορφῆς ὁμοιότητα (of [[their]] parents), ἐφανερώθη ἐν ἑτέρα [[μορφή]], ἐν [[μορφή]] Θεοῦ ὑπάρχων, μορφήν δούλου [[λαβών]], [[who]], [[although]] ([[formerly]] [[when]] he [[was]] [[λόγος]] [[ἄσαρκος]]) "he [[bore]] the [[form]] (in [[which]] he appeared to the inhabitants of [[heaven]]) of God (the [[sovereign]], opposed to [[μορφή]] δούλου), [[yet]] did [[not]] [[think]] [[that]] [[this]] [[equality]] [[with]] God [[was]] to be [[eagerly]] clung to or retained ([[see]] [[ἁρπαγμός]], 2), [[but]] emptied [[himself]] of it ([[see]] [[κενόω]], 1) so as to [[assume]] the [[form]] of a [[servant]], in [[that]] he became [[like]] [[unto]] men (for angels [[also]] are δοῦλοι | |txtha=μορφῆς, ἡ (from [[root]] signifying 'to [[lay]] [[hold]] of', '[[seize]]' (cf. German Fassung); Fick, Part i., p. 174; Vanicek, p. 719), from Homer down, the [[form]] by [[which]] a [[person]] or [[thing]] strikes the [[vision]]; the [[external]] [[appearance]]: children are said to [[reflect]] ψυχῆς τέ καί μορφῆς ὁμοιότητα (of [[their]] parents), ἐφανερώθη ἐν ἑτέρα [[μορφή]], ἐν [[μορφή]] Θεοῦ ὑπάρχων, μορφήν δούλου [[λαβών]], [[who]], [[although]] ([[formerly]] [[when]] he [[was]] [[λόγος]] [[ἄσαρκος]]) "he [[bore]] the [[form]] (in [[which]] he appeared to the inhabitants of [[heaven]]) of God (the [[sovereign]], opposed to [[μορφή]] δούλου), [[yet]] did [[not]] [[think]] [[that]] [[this]] [[equality]] [[with]] God [[was]] to be [[eagerly]] clung to or retained ([[see]] [[ἁρπαγμός]], 2), [[but]] emptied [[himself]] of it ([[see]] [[κενόω]], 1) so as to [[assume]] the [[form]] of a [[servant]], in [[that]] he became [[like]] [[unto]] men (for angels [[also]] are δοῦλοι τοῦ Θεοῦ, μένει [[ἀεί]] [[ἁπλῶς]] ἐν τῇ [[αὐτοῦ]] [[μορφή]], [[Plato]], de rep. 2, p. 381c., and it is denied [[that]] God φαντάζεσθαι [[ἄλλοτε]] ἐν ἀλλαις ἰδέαις ... καί ἀλλαττοντα τό [[αὐτοῦ]] [[εἶδος]] εἰς πολλάς μορφας ... καί τῆς [[ἑαυτοῦ]] ἰδεας ἐκβαίνειν, p. 380d.; ἡκιστ' ἄν πολλάς μορφας ἰσχοι ὁ Θεός, p. 381b.; [[ἑνός]] σώματος οὐσίαν μετασχηματίζειν καί μεταχαράττειν εἰς πολυτροπους μορφας, [[Philo]] [[leg]]. ad Gaium § 11; οὐ [[γάρ]] [[ὥσπερ]] τό [[νόμισμα]] παρακομμα καί Θεοῦ [[μορφή]] γίνεται, ibid. § 14at the [[end]]; God ἔργοις [[μέν]] καί χαρισιν [[ἐνεργής]] καί παντός ὁυτινοσουν φανερωτερος, μορφήν δέ καί [[μέγεθος]] [[ἡμῖν]] ἀφανεστατος, Josephus, contra Apion 2,22, 2.) [ SYNONYMS: [[μορφή]], [[σχῆμα]]: according to Lightfoot ([[see]] the [[thorough]] [[discussion]] in his 'Detached Note' on Phil. ii.) and Trench (N. T. Synonyms, § lxx.), [[μορφή]] [[form]] differs from [[σχῆμα]] [[figure]], [[shape]], [[fashion]], as [[that]] [[which]] is [[intrinsic]] and [[essential]], from [[that]] [[which]] is [[outward]] and [[accidental]]. So in the [[main]] Bengel, [[Philippi]], others, on [[μορφή]] δούλου in Philippians, the [[passage]] cited [[relate]] to the [[complete]] [[form]], or [[nature]], of a [[servant]]; and [[σχῆμα]] to the [[external]] [[form]], or [[human]] [[body]].] | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[outward (corporal) shape]], [[form]], [[beautiful shape, charm]] (θ 170 a. λ 367; on the meaning cf. Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 175f.).<br />Compounds: Very often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">πολύ-μορ-φος</b> [[with many forms]] (Hp., Arist.) with <b class="b3">πολυμορφ-ία</b> (Longin., Him.).<br />Derivatives: Three denominatives: 1. [[μορφόομαι]], <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also with <b class="b3">μετα-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b> a.o., [[assume a shape]], [[form]] (Thphr., Arat., LXX, NT, Plu.) with (<b class="b3">μετα-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-)μόρφωσις</b> [[shaping]], [[embodiment]] (Thphr., Str., Ep. Rom.); <b class="b3">μορφ-ώτρια</b> f. [[she who forms]], [[represents]] (E. Tr.437), <b class="b3">-ωτικός</b> [[forming]] (Gal., Prokl.); also [[μόρφωμα]] [[form]] (Epicur., Aq.), but in trag. (A., E.) as enlargement of [[μορφή]], cf. Chantraine Form. 186 f. -- 2. [[μορφάζω]] [[make gestures]], [[behave oneself]] (X.) with <b class="b3">-ασμός</b> name of a dance (Ath., Poll.), [[embellish]] (Eust.); <b class="b3">ἐπι-μορφάζω</b> [[pretend]], [[simulate]] (Ph.). -- 3. <b class="b3">μορφύνει καλλωπίζει</b>, [[κοσμεῖ]] H. (after [[καλλύνω]] a.o.); from <b class="b3">ἄ-μορφος</b>: <b class="b3">ἀμορφύνειν οὑ δεόντως πράττειν</b> H. (Antim. 72). -- Two names: [[Μορφώ]] f. surn. of Aphrodite in Sparta (Paus., Lyc.), [[Μορφεύς]] m. son of (the) Sleep (Or. Met. 11, 635), father of the dream-images created by him; Bosshardt 122 f. To be rejected Güntert Kalypso 193 f.: [[Μορφώ]] and [[Μορφεύς]] to [[μόρφνος]]. -- Adj. [[μορφήεις]] [[with beautiful shape]] (Pi.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">ἀμερφές αἰσχρόν</b> H. points to a noun <b class="b3">*μέρφος</b> n., beside which [[μορφή]] as [[γένος]]: [[γονή]], [[τέγος]]: Lat. [[toga]] a.o.; the for the verbal nouns <b class="b3">*μέρφος</b> and [[μορφή]] to be posited primary verb <b class="b3">*μέρφω</b> v.t. is unknown. Also further connections are quite hypothetical. After Solmsen KZ 34, 23 f. (s. also Persson Beitr. 2, 687 a. 689) as *'glittering motley outward aspect' with [[μορφνος]] (s.v.) to Lith. <b class="b2">márgas</b> [[motley]], [[manycoloured]], [[beautiful]], beside which the zero grade <b class="b2">mirgė́ti</b> [[light up and again extinguish]], [[shine in motley play of colours]]; one should start from an IE verb <b class="b2">*mergʷʰ-</b> <b class="b2">bunt glänzen o.ä.</b>. Diff. on the Lith. words WP. 2, 274 and Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">márgas</b>. -- Not better Osthoff BB 24, 137A. (to [[μάρπτω]]), Thieme ZDMG 102, 107 (to Skt. <b class="b2">bráhman-</b>). -- On the attempts to connect Lat. [[forma]] with [[μορφή]] s. W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet [[sub verbo|s.v.]] (DELG points to the difficulty of the [[o]]). | ||
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|trtx====shape=== | |trtx====[[shape]]=== | ||
Albanian: formë; Arabic: شَكْل, أَشْكَال; Armenian: ձեւ; Azerbaijani: şəkil, forma; Belarusian: форма; Bengali: আকৃতি, আকার; Bulgarian: форма, вид; Burmese: ပုံ; Catalan: forma; Chinese Mandarin: 形狀, 形状, 形式; Czech: tvar; Danish: form; Dutch: [[vorm]]; Estonian: kuju, vorm; Faroese: skap; Finnish: muoto, kuvio; French: [[forme]]; Galician: forma; Georgian: ფორმა, მოხაზულობა, მოყვანილობა; German: [[Form]], [[Gestalt]]; Greek: [[μορφή]]; Ancient Greek: [[μορφή]], [[σχῆμα]]; Guaraní: ysaja; Hebrew: צוּרָה; Hindi: आकार; Hungarian: alak, forma; Icelandic: form; Indonesian: bentuk; Irish: cruth; Italian: [[forma]], [[sagoma]]; Japanese: 形, 型, 形式; Javanese: wangun, wujud, rupa, dhapur, warna, warni; Kazakh: нысан, форма, пішім; Khmer: គ្រោង; Korean: 모양(模樣), 형식(形式), 형(形); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: şikil; Kyrgyz: форма; Lao: ຮູບຮ່າງ; Latin: [[forma]], [[figura]]; Latvian: forma; Lithuanian: forma; Luhya: liumbo; Macedonian: облик; Malay: bentuk; Maori: āhuahanga; Mongolian Cyrillic: хэлбэр; Norwegian Bokmål: form; Ottoman Turkish: شكل; Pashto: شکل; Persian: شکل; Polish: kształt, forma; Portuguese: [[forma]]; Romanian: formă; Russian: [[форма]]; Sanskrit: रूप; Scottish Gaelic: cumadh, cruth; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̏блӣк; Roman: ȍblīk; Slovak: tvar; Slovene: oblika; Spanish: [[forma]]; Swahili: umbo; Swedish: form; Tagalog: hugis; Tajik: шакл; Telugu: ఆకారం, ఆకృతి; Thai: รูปร่าง, รูป; Tocharian B: ersna; Turkish: görünüş, şekil; Turkmen: şekil, forma, görnüş; Ukrainian: форма, вигляд, кшталт; Urdu: شکل; Uyghur: شەكىل; Uzbek: shakl, forma; Vietnamese: hình dáng, hình thức; Yiddish: פֿאָרעם | Albanian: formë; Arabic: شَكْل, أَشْكَال; Armenian: ձեւ; Azerbaijani: şəkil, forma; Belarusian: форма; Bengali: আকৃতি, আকার; Bulgarian: форма, вид; Burmese: ပုံ; Catalan: forma; Chinese Mandarin: 形狀, 形状, 形式; Czech: tvar; Danish: form; Dutch: [[vorm]]; Estonian: kuju, vorm; Faroese: skap; Finnish: muoto, kuvio; French: [[forme]]; Galician: forma; Georgian: ფორმა, მოხაზულობა, მოყვანილობა; German: [[Form]], [[Gestalt]]; Greek: [[μορφή]]; Ancient Greek: [[μορφή]], [[σχῆμα]]; Guaraní: ysaja; Hebrew: צוּרָה; Hindi: आकार; Hungarian: alak, forma; Icelandic: form; Indonesian: bentuk; Irish: cruth; Italian: [[forma]], [[sagoma]]; Japanese: 形, 型, 形式; Javanese: wangun, wujud, rupa, dhapur, warna, warni; Kazakh: нысан, форма, пішім; Khmer: គ្រោង; Korean: 모양(模樣), 형식(形式), 형(形); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: şikil; Kyrgyz: форма; Lao: ຮູບຮ່າງ; Latin: [[forma]], [[figura]]; Latvian: forma; Lithuanian: forma; Luhya: liumbo; Macedonian: облик; Malay: bentuk; Maori: āhuahanga; Mongolian Cyrillic: хэлбэр; Norwegian Bokmål: form; Ottoman Turkish: شكل; Pashto: شکل; Persian: شکل; Polish: kształt, forma; Portuguese: [[forma]]; Romanian: formă; Russian: [[форма]]; Sanskrit: रूप; Scottish Gaelic: cumadh, cruth; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̏блӣк; Roman: ȍblīk; Slovak: tvar; Slovene: oblika; Spanish: [[forma]]; Swahili: umbo; Swedish: form; Tagalog: hugis; Tajik: шакл; Telugu: ఆకారం, ఆకృతి; Thai: รูปร่าง, รูป; Tocharian B: ersna; Turkish: görünüş, şekil; Turkmen: şekil, forma, görnüş; Ukrainian: форма, вигляд, кшталт; Urdu: شکل; Uyghur: شەكىل; Uzbek: shakl, forma; Vietnamese: hình dáng, hình thức; Yiddish: פֿאָרעם | ||
===form=== | ===[[form]]=== | ||
Asturian: forma; Bengali: সুরত; Bulgarian: форма; Catalan: forma; Chinese Mandarin: 形式, 形狀, 形状; Danish: form; Dutch: [[vorm]]; Esperanto: formo; Finnish: muoto; French: [[forme]]; Galician: forma, feitura; German: [[Gestalt]], [[Form]]; Greek: [[σχήμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[μορφή]], [[εἶδος]]; Guaraní: ysaja; Haitian Creole: fòm; Icelandic: lögun, lag; Ido: formo; Interlingua: forma; Italian: [[forma]]; Japanese: 形状, 形式; Javanese: dhapur, rupa, warna, warni, wujud; Kazakh: пішін; Khmer: សំណុំបែបបទ; Kyrgyz: кеп; Latin: [[forma]], [[figura]]; Macedonian: облик; Manchu: ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ; Maori: āhua; Nanai: дурун; Nepali: रूप, आकृति; Norman: forme; Norwegian Bokmål: form; Occitan: forma; Ottoman Turkish: شكل; Persian: شکل, صورت, فرم, دیسه; Plautdietsch: Form; Polish: forma; Portuguese: [[forma]]; Romanian: formă; Russian: [[форма]], [[фигура]]; Sanskrit: रूप; Scottish Gaelic: cumadh, cruth, dèanamh; Spanish: [[forma]]; Swedish: form; Tagalog: anyo, hubog, itsura; Tajik: сурат; Tocharian B: ersna; Uyghur: شەكىل; Vietnamese: hình, hình thể, hình dạng, hình dáng, hình thức; Welsh: ffurf; Yagnobi: сурат | Asturian: forma; Bengali: সুরত; Bulgarian: форма; Catalan: forma; Chinese Mandarin: 形式, 形狀, 形状; Danish: form; Dutch: [[vorm]]; Esperanto: formo; Finnish: muoto; French: [[forme]]; Galician: forma, feitura; German: [[Gestalt]], [[Form]]; Greek: [[σχήμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[μορφή]], [[εἶδος]]; Guaraní: ysaja; Haitian Creole: fòm; Icelandic: lögun, lag; Ido: formo; Interlingua: forma; Italian: [[forma]]; Japanese: 形状, 形式; Javanese: dhapur, rupa, warna, warni, wujud; Kazakh: пішін; Khmer: សំណុំបែបបទ; Kyrgyz: кеп; Latin: [[forma]], [[figura]]; Macedonian: облик; Manchu: ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ; Maori: āhua; Nanai: дурун; Nepali: रूप, आकृति; Norman: forme; Norwegian Bokmål: form; Occitan: forma; Ottoman Turkish: شكل; Persian: شکل, صورت, فرم, دیسه; Plautdietsch: Form; Polish: forma; Portuguese: [[forma]]; Romanian: formă; Russian: [[форма]], [[фигура]]; Sanskrit: रूप; Scottish Gaelic: cumadh, cruth, dèanamh; Spanish: [[forma]]; Swedish: form; Tagalog: anyo, hubog, itsura; Tajik: сурат; Tocharian B: ersna; Uyghur: شەكىل; Vietnamese: hình, hình thể, hình dạng, hình dáng, hình thức; Welsh: ffurf; Yagnobi: сурат | ||
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