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ψάμαθος: Difference between revisions
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{{LSJ1 | {{LSJ1 | ||
|Full diacritics= | |Full diacritics=ψᾰ́μᾰθος | ||
|Medium diacritics=ψάμαθος | |Medium diacritics=ψάμαθος | ||
|Low diacritics=ψάμαθος | |Low diacritics=ψάμαθος | ||
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|Transliteration C=psamathos | |Transliteration C=psamathos | ||
|Beta Code=ya/maqos | |Beta Code=ya/maqos | ||
|Definition=ἡ (poet., also in a Homeric paraphrase, Plu.2.393e), < | |Definition=ἡ (poet., also in a Homeric paraphrase, Plu.2.393e),<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[sand of the sea-shore]], ἔρειπε δὲ τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν... ὡς ὅτε τις ψάμαθον πάϊς ἄγχι θαλάσσης.. συνέχευε Il.15.362; ψαμάθῳ εἰλυμένα πολλῇ Od. 14.136; ἀμφὶ χλωρὰν ψ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1064; παρακτία ψ. E.''IA''165 (lyr.), cf. 1054 (lyr.); παρὰ ψ. καὶ θῖν' ἁλός Ar.''V.''1520 (lyr.): freq. in plural, νῆα μὲν οἵ γε μέλαιναν ἐπ' ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν ὑψοῦ ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις, ὑπὸ δ' ἕρματα μακρὰ τάνυσσαν = they pushed the black ship up over the sand onto dry land and placed long beams under her Il.1.486; ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις ἁλίῃσι Od.3.38, cf. 4.438; of [[river-sand]], Il.21.202, 319.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[proverb|prov.]] of a [[countless]] [[multitude]], [[ὅσα ψάμαθός τε κόνις τε]] = as [[many]] as [[sand]] and [[dust]] ib.9.385: pl., [[grains of sand]], φύλλοισιν ἐοικότες ἢ ψαμάθοισιν 2.800; ὁπόσαι ἐν θαλάσσᾳ καὶ ποταμοῖς ψάμαθοι κλονέονται Pi.''P.''9.47. (Perh. formed by combining [[ψάμμος]] and [[ἄμαθος]]; similarly [[ἄμμος]] ([[ἅμμος]]) by combining [[ἄμαθος]] and [[ψάμμος]]; [[ἄμαθος]] is cogn. with Engl. [[sand]].) | ||
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{{pape | |||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1391.png Seite 1391]] ἡ, der [[Sand]], bei Homer niemals vom Sande des Landes, sondern immer von dem durch Gewässer benetzten; meistens vom Sande am Meeresufer, z. B. Iliad. 1, 486, ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις ἁλίῃσιν Odyss. 3, 38, ἐν ψαμάθοισι ἁλίῃσιν Odyss. 4, 438; vom Flußsande Iliad. 21, 202 und 319. Der Sand des Landes heißt bei Homer [[ἄμαθος]] und [[κόνις]] und [[κονία]]. Lehrs Aristarch. ed. 2 p. 123. – Ψάμαθοι κλονέονται ἐν θαλάσσᾳ καὶ ποταμοῖς Pind. P. 9, 48; χλωρά Soph. Ai. 1043; παρακτία Eur. I. A. 165; παρὰ ψάμαθον καὶ θῖν' ἁλός Ar. Vesp. 1520. – Übh. Staub, ὀλίγῃ θῆκαν ὑπὸ ψαμάθῳ Hegesipp. 4 (VII, 276); νεκύων Gaetul. 9 (IX, 409). – Als Bezeichnung der unendlichen Menge, des Unzählbaren, ὅσα ψάμαθός τε [[κόνις]] τε Il. 9, 385, φύλλοισιν ἐοικότες ἢ ψαμάθοισιν 2, 800; vgl. Pind. a. a. O. | |||
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{{bailly | |||
|btext=ου (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[sable du bord de la mer]] ; αἱ ψάμαθοι grains de sable du bord de la mer ; terre sablonneuse du bord de la mer, dune;<br /><b>2</b> [[sable de rivière]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[ἄμαθος]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{elnl | |||
|elnltext=ψάμαθος -ου, ὁ [~ ψάμμος, ἄμαθος] poët. zand, spec. van zee of rivier strand. | |||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''ψάμᾰθος:''' (ψᾰ) ἡ тж. pl. прибрежный песок, песчаный берег (ψ. [[ἄγχι]] θαλάσσης, ψάμαθοι [[ἁλιῆες]] Hom.; χλωρὰ ψ. Soph.; παρακτία ψ. Eur.; ψ. [[ἁλός]] Arph.): ἐν ψαμάθῳ παίζειν παιδιάν Plut. (о ребенке) играть песком; τόσα, ὅσα ψ. τε [[κόνις]] τε Hom. несметные как песок и пыль; νεκύων ψ. Anth. прах мертвецов, т. е. могила. | |||
}} | |||
{{ls | |||
|lstext='''ψάμαθος''': [ψᾰ], ἡ, (ποιητ. [[τύπος]] τοῦ [[ψάμμος]], εὑρισκόμενος καὶ παρὰ Πλουτ. 2. 393 Ε), ἡ παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν [[ἄμμος]], ἡ τῆς παραλίας [[ἄμμος]], ([[ἄμαθος]] [[εἶναι]] ἀμμῶδες [[ἔδαφος]], ἴδε ἐν λ.), ἔρειπε δὲ [[τεῖχος]] Ἀχαιῶν .. ὡς ὅτε τις ψάμαθον [[παῖς]] ἄγχι θαλάσσης .. συνέχυε Ἰλ. Ο. 362· ψαμάθῳ εἰλυμένα πολλῂ Ὀδ. Ξ. 136· οὕτω παρ’ Ἀττ., ἄμφὶ χλωρὰν ψάμαθον, ὠχράν, κιτρίνην, ἢ κατ’ ἄλλους ὑγράν, Σοφ. Αἴ. 1064· παρακτία ψ. Εὐρ. Ἰφ. ἐν Αὐλ. 165, πρβλ. 1055· παρὰ ψ. καὶ θῖν’ ἁλὸς Ἀριστ. Σοφ. 1520· ― [[ὡσαύτως]] συχν. ἐν τῷ πληθ., νῆα .. ἐπ’ ἠπείροιο ἔρυσσαν [[ὑψοῦ]] ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις Ἰλ. Α. 486, πρβλ. Ο. 362· ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις ἁλίῃσιν Ὀδ. Γ. 38, πρβλ. Δ. 438· [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐπὶ ποταμίας ἄμμου, Ἰλ. Φ. 202, 319. 2) παροιμ., ἐπὶ πλήθους ἀμέτρου, ὅσα ψάμμαθός τε [[κόνις]] τε Ἰλ. Ι. 385· ἐν τῷ πληθ., κόκκοι ἄμμου, φύλλοισιν ἑοικότες ἢ ψαμάθοισιν Β. 800· ὁπόσαι ψάμαθοι κλονέονται ἐν θαλάσσᾳ καὶ ποταμοῖς Πινδ. Π. 9. 84, (πρβλ. [[ψάμμος]]). | |||
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{{Autenrieth | |||
|auten=[[sand]], sands; to [[designate]] the [[strand]], or the [[sand]]-hills of the [[shore]], Od. 4.426; as [[simile]] [[for]] a [[countless]] [[multitude]], Il. 2.800. | |||
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{{Slater | |||
|sltr=<b>ψᾰμᾰθος</b> [[sand]], pebbles “χὠπόσαι ἐν θαλάσσᾳ καὶ ποταμοῖς ψάμαθοι κύμασιν ῥιπαῖς τ' ἀνέμων κλονέονται” (P. 9.47) | |||
}} | |||
{{grml | |||
|mltxt=ἡ, Α<br />(<b>ποιητ. τ.</b>)<br /><b>1.</b> η [[άμμος]] της παραλίας<br /><b>2.</b> η [[άμμος]] ποταμού<br /><b>3.</b> <b>στον πληθ.</b> <i>αἱ ψάμαθοι</i><br />α) [[σωρός]] άμμου<br />β) κόκκοι άμμου<br /><b>4.</b> <b>παροιμ. φρ.</b> «ὅσα ψάμαθός τε [[κόνις]] τε» — αμέτρητα σαν την άμμο της θάλασσας (<b>Ομ. Ιλ.</b>).<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Η λ. έχει σχηματιστεί από τον τ. [[ψάμμος]] «[[άμμος]]», αναλογικά [[προς]] τη λ. [[ἄμαθος]] «[[άμμος]]»]. | |||
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{{lsm | |||
|lsmtext='''ψάμᾰθος:''' [ψᾰ], ἡ,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> ποιητ. [[μορφή]] του [[ψάμμος]], [[άμμος]], [[άμμος]] θάλασσας, σε Όμηρ., Σοφ. κ.λπ.· στον πληθ., [[νῆα]] ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις, πάνω στην άμμο, σε Όμηρ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> παροιμ., λέγεται για [[πλήθος]] που δεν μπορεί να μετρηθεί, ὅσα ψάμαθός τε [[κόνις]] τε, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· στον πληθ., κόκκοι άμμου, στο ίδ. | |||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=ψᾰ́μᾰθος, ἡ, [poetic [[form]] of [[ψάμμος]]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[sand]], sea-[[sand]], Hom., Soph., etc.; in plural, νῆα ἐπὶ ψαμάθοις on the sands, Hom.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[proverb]]. of a [[countless]] [[multitude]], ὅσα ψάμαθός τε [[κόνις]] τε Il.; in plural grains of [[sand]], Il. | |||
}} | |||
{{FriskDe | |||
|ftr='''ψάμαθος''': {psámathos}<br />'''Grammar''': f., oft pl.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Sand]] (ep. poet. seit Il.).<br />'''Composita''': Als Hinterglied u.a. in [[πολυψάμαθος]] [[sandreich]] (Opp.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[ψαμαθώδης]] [[sandig]] (''h''. ''Merc''., A. R.; Zumbach Neuerungen 16), -ηΐς f. ib. (Nik.; poet. Bildung, vgl. zu [[χλωρηΐς]]), -ίς, -ίδος f. N. eines Fisches (Numen. ap. Ath.; nach dem Aufenthaltsort, Strömberg 81), -ία· [[αἰγιαλός]] H. (Kollektivbildung, Scheller Oxytonierung 57). PN Ψαμάθη N. einer Nereide (Hes. ''Th''. 260), Ψεμάθη (att. Vase), umgekehrte Schreibung (Fraenkel Phil. 97, 161) od. Dissimilation (Kretschmer Ἀντίδωρον 193ff.) ? Auch σαμαθον (''POxy''. 1290, 1 [V<sup>p</sup>]) = -θών für ψ- [[Sandkiste]] ? (Preisigke Wb. m. Lit.).<br />'''Etymology''': Kreuzung von [[ἄμαθος]] und [[ψάμμος]] (s.d.).<br />'''Page''' 2,1129 | |||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=ἡ (=ἡ ἀμμουδιά). Ἀπό τό [[ψάω]] (=[[τρίβω]]). Προῆρθε ἀπό συμφυρμό τοῦ [[ψάμμος]] (=[[ἄμμος]]) + [[ἄμαθος]] (=[[ἄμμος]]). Δές γιά ἄλλα παράγωγα στό [[ρῆμα]] [[ψάω]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[sand]]=== | |||
Abkhaz: аҧслымӡ; Adyghe: пшахъо; Afrikaans: sand; Ahom: 𑜏𑜩, 𑜏𑜩𑜤; Ainu: オタ; Albanian: rërë; Amharic: አሸዋ; Arabic: رَمْل; Egyptian Arabic: رمل; Gulf Arabic: رمل, تراب; Hijazi Arabic: رَمِل; Aragonese: arena; Aramaic Hebrew: חלא; Syriac: ܚܠܐ; Armenian: ավազ; Aromanian: arinã; Assamese: বালি; Asturian: sable, arena, areña; Atong: han•cheng, hanʼcheng; Aymara: aqu; Azerbaijani: qum; Bahnar: chuơh; Bashkir: ҡом; Basque: harea, hondar; Belarusian: пясок; Bengali: বালু; Bikol Central: basud; Breton: traezh; Brunei Malay: pasir; Bulgarian: пясък; Burmese: သဲ; Buryat: элһэн; Catalan: sorra, arena; Cebuano: balas; Cham Eastern Cham: ꨌꨶꩍ; Western Chamicuro: mas̈hkojpe; Chechen: гӏум; Cherokee: ᏃᏯ; Chewong: pasir; Chichewa: mchenga; Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma: mitsanga; Chinese Cantonese: 沙, 沙子; Dungan: сазы; Mandarin: 沙, 沙子; Min Nan: 沙; Wu: 沙; Choctaw: shinuk; Chuvash: хӑйӑр; Cornish: tewes, treth; Crimean Tatar: qum; Czech: písek; Dalmatian: sablaun; Danish: sand; Dolgan: кумак; Drung: cvwaq; Dutch: [[zand]], [[zavel]]; Eastern Bontoc: lakian; Elfdalian: sand; Erzya: човар; Esperanto: sablo; Estonian: liiv; Etruscan: 𐌚𐌀𐌑𐌄𐌍𐌀 class inanimate; Evenki: иңа, сируги; Extremaduran: arena; Faroese: sandur; Fijian: nuku; Finnish: hiekka; French: [[sable]]; Friulian: savalon, rene; Gagauz: kum; Galician: xabre, area; Garo: han·cheng, an·cheng; Georgian: ქვიშა, სილა; German: [[Sand]]; Old High German: sand; Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰; Greek: [[άμμος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ψάμμος]], [[ἄμμος]], [[ἄμαθος]], [[ψάμαθος]]; Greenlandic: sioqqat, sioraaqqat; Gujarati: રેતી; Haitian Creole: sab; Halkomelem: syíts'em; Hawaiian: one; Hebrew: חוֹל; Higaonon: balas; Hiligaynon: balas; Hindi: रेत, बालू; Hopi: tuuwa; Hungarian: homok; Icelandic: sandur; Ilocano: darat; Indonesian: pasir; Ingush: гӏум; Inuktitut: ᓯᐅᕋᖅ; Irish: gaineamh; Italian: [[sabbia]], [[rena]]; Japanese: 砂; Javanese: ꦮꦼꦝꦶ; Kabardian: пшахъуэ; Kabuverdianu: areia; Kalmyk: элсн; Kannada: ಮರಳು; Kapampangan: balas; Karachay-Balkar: къум, юзмез; Karakalpak: qum; Karelian: liede, čuuru; Kashubian: piôsk; Kazakh: құм; Khakas: хум; Khmer: ខ្សាច់, ដីខ្សាច់; Khün: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Korean: 모래; Kumyk: хум; Kuna: ukub; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خۆڵ; Northern Kurdish: xîz, qûm; Kyrgyz: кум; Ladin: sablon; Lao: ດິນຊາຍ, ຊາຍ; Latgalian: smiļkts; Latin: [[arena]], [[harena]], [[ramentum]]; Latvian: smiltis; Ligurian: ænn-a; Limburgish: zandj; Lingala: zɛ́lɔ; Lithuanian: smėlis; Livonian: jõugõ; Lolopo: sa; Low German: Sand; Lubuagan Kalinga: legen; Luxembourgish: Sand; Lü: ᦌᦻ; Macedonian: песок; Maguindanao: petad; Malagasy: fasika; Malay: pasir, ramal; Malayalam: മണൽ; Maltese: ramel; Manchu: ᠶᠣᠩᡤᠠᠨ; Manx: geinnagh; Maori: one; Mapudungun: kuyem; Maranao: peted; Marathi: वाळू; Mari Eastern Mari: ошма; Western Marshallese: bok; Mazanderani: وازیک; Moksha: шувар; Mon: ဗ္တဳ; Mongolian Cyrillic: элс; Mongolian: ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ; Mwani: nsanga; Nahuatl: xalli; Nanai: сиян; Navajo: séí; Nepali: बालुवा; Newar: फि; Ngarrindjeri: tune; Nogai: кум; Nong Zhuang: saiz; Norman: sablion, sablloun, sabllaon, sabyõ; North Frisian: sun; Northern Northern Sami: sáttu; Northern Thai: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Norwegian Bokmål: sand; Nynorsk: sand; Occitan: sabla, arena; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: пѣсъкъ; Old East Slavic: пѣсъкъ; Old English: sand; Old Javanese: hĕni; Old Norse: sandr; Old Portuguese: arẽa; Oriya: ବାଲୁକା; Oromo: cir'achaa; Ossetian: змис; Ottoman Turkish: قوم; Pacoh: choah, pal, xoang, xông; Pashto: شګه, رېګ; Persian: شن, ماسه, ریگ; Pitjantjatjara: tali, paki; Plautdietsch: Saunt; Polabian: ṕosăk; Polish: piasek; Portuguese: [[areia]]; Punjabi: ਰੇਤ; Quechua: aqu; Rohingya: balu, 𐴁𐴝𐴓𐴟; Romagnol: sàbia, sabiôn; Romani: kishaj; Romanian: nisip, arină; Romansch: sablun, sablùn, sablung; Russian: [[песок]]; S'gaw Karen: မဲး; Saanich: PЌEĆEN; Saho: cinde, tsiixil, xootsa; Samoan: oneone; Samogitian: smėltės; Sanskrit: सिकता, वालुका, शीतला, वालक, रेणु; Sardinian: arena; Saterland Frisian: Sound; Scottish Gaelic: gainmheach; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: песак, пијесак; Roman: pésak, pijésak; Shan: သၢႆး; Shona: jecha; Shor: қум, қумақ; Sichuan Sicilian: rina; Sinhalese: වැලි; Slovak: piesok; Slovene: pesek; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: pěsk; Upper Sorbian: pěsk; Southern Altai: кумак, кум; Southern Kalinga: kallis; Southern Spanish: arena; Sranan Tongo: santi; Sumerian: 𒅖; Sundanese: keusik; Swahili: mchanga; Swedish: sand; Tagabawa: baklayan; Tagalog: buhangin; Tahitian: one; Tai Tai Nüa: ᥔᥣᥭᥰ; Tajik: рег; Tamil: மணல்; Tatar: ком; Tausug: buhangin; Telugu: ఇసుక; Ternate: dowongi; Thai: ทราย; Tibetan: བྱེ་མ; Tigrinya: ሑጻ; Tongan: one'one; Turkish: kum; Turkmen: gum, çäge; Tuvan: элезин, кум; Tuwali Ifugao: dalat; Udi: къум; Udmurt: луо; Ukrainian: пісок; Unami: lekaw; Urdu: ریت; Uyghur: قۇم; Uzbek: qum; Venetian: sabia; Vietnamese: cát; Vilamovian: zaond; Walloon: såvlon, såbe; Welsh: tywod; West Frisian: sân; White Hmong: suab puam; Wolof: suuf; Yakan: umus; Yakut: кумах; Yiddish: זאַמד; Yonaguni: 砂; Yoron: 砂; Yámana: asola; Zazaki: qum, sên; Zealandic: zand; Zhuang: sa, saiz; Zulu: isihlabathi | |||
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