σκόλοψ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=οπος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> anything [[pointed]]: esp. [[pale]], [[stake]], κεφαλὴν πῆξαι ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.177</span>; for impaling, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1430</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>898</span>; ἐπὶ σκόλοψι ἀναρτᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">D.S.33.15</span>: pl. [[σκόλοπες]], [[palisade]], τείχεα . . σκολόπεσσιν ἀρηρότα <span class="bibl">Od.7.45</span>; freq. in Il., ἐν δὲ [τάφρῳ] σκόλοπας κατέπηξαν <span class="bibl">7.441</span>; διά τε σκόλοπας καὶ τάφρον ἔβησαν <span class="bibl">8.343</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.63</span>, <span class="bibl">15.344</span>; σκόλοπας περὶ τὸ ἕρκος κατέπηξαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>116</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>5.2.5</span> (Att. usually [[σταύρωμα]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[thorn]], IG42(1).121.92 (Epid., iv B.C.), <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Nu.</span>33.55</span>, al., Dsc.4.49, <span class="bibl">Babr.122</span>; σκόλοπες φοίνικος <span class="title">PMag.Osl.</span>1.270, al., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>12.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> an [[instrument]] for operating on the [[urethra]], Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.50.9.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[point of a fishing hook]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Merc.Cond.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[tree]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>983</span> (lyr.).</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0902.png Seite 902]] οπος, ὁ, jeder zugespitzte Körper; bes. [[Pfahl]], Spitzpfahl, Pallisade, ein Haupttheil der Befestigung bei Städten und sonst haltbaren Orten; schon bei Hom., τείχεα σκολόπεσσιν ἀρηρότα Od. 7, 45, ἐν δὲ σκόλοπας κατέπηξεν Il. 9, 350, am Graben; διά τε σκόλοπας καὶ τάφρον ἔβησαν, 8, 343. 15, 1; σκόλοπες γὰρ ἐν αὐτῇ (τάφρῳ) όξέες ἑστᾶσιν, 12, 63, vgl. 55; Ἀχαιοὶ τάφρῳ καὶ σκολόπεσσιν ἐνιπλήξαντες, 15, 344; πῶς περάσει σκόλοπας ἐν τροπῇ [[στρατός]]; Eur. Rhes. 116; σκόλοπας περὶ τὸ [[ἕρκος]] ἔπηξαν, Her. 9, 97; [[τάφρος]] ἦν καὶ σκόλοπες ἐπὶ τῆς ἀναβολῆς, Xen. An. 5, 2, 5; φρούρια καὶ σκόλοπες, Strat. 47 (XII, 205); σκόλοπος χαλεποῦ τρηχυτέρη [[οἶμος]], Archimel. 2 (VII, 50); auch ein Pfahl zum Anspießen, κεφαλὴν πῆξαι ἀνὰ σκολόπ εσσι, Il. 18, 177; σκόλοψι πήξωμεν [[δέμας]], Eur. I. T. 1430. – Uebh. Splitter, Dorn, σκόλοπος αὐτῷ καταπαγέντος, S. Emp. pyrrh. 1, 238; Luc. de merc. cond. 3.

|btext=οπος (ὁ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[pieu]] ; palissade;<br /><b>2</b> [[pieu sur lequel on fiche une tête]];<br /><b>3</b> [[pal]];<br /><b>4</b> [[pointe d'hameçon]];<br /><b>[[NT]]</b>: épine de bois ; écharde ; aiguillon.<br />'''Étymologie:''' probabl. apparenté à [[κόλος]], [[κολούω]], <i>litt.</i> tronc d'arbre coupé.

|etymtx=-οπος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[pointed pole]], [[palisade]], [[prickle]] (ep. ion. poet. Il., hell. a. late prose; Att. [[χάραξ]], [[σταυρός]], <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>).<br />Other forms: Also <b class="b3">σκόλοφρον θρανίον</b> H. (after [[δίφρος]]?); cf. [[σκόλυθρον]].<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">σκολόπ-ιον</b> n. (Antyll. ap. Orib.), <b class="b3">-ηὶς μοῖρα</b> [[the destiny of being impaled]] (Man.; after <b class="b3">βασιλ-ηΐς</b> a.o.); <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">provide with σ.</b> (Stad.) wit <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. [[the impaling]], [[the spearing]] (Vett. Val.); often with <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b> [[to stick on a pole]], [[to impale]] (Hdt. a. o.) with <b class="b3">-ισις</b> f. (sch., Eust.), [[ἀπο]] σκόλοψ [[to remove the poles]] (Aq.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Finally to the great family of [[σκάλλω]] (s. v.). As the labial can belong to the stem, [[σκόλοψ]] can first be connected with Lat. [[scalpō]] <b class="b2">scratch, cut with a sharp instrument etc.</b>; to this may be joined several words with varying meaning, partly also with varying form, e.g. OHG [[scelifa]] [[membranous shell]], Lith. <b class="b2">sklem̃pti</b>, <b class="b2">sklem̃bti</b> [[plane smooth]], [[cut oblique]], [[sprinkle]] etc., s. Bq s. [[σκάλοψ]], WP. 2, 595, Pok. 926, W.-Hofmann s. [[scalpō]]. The dissillabicity of [[σκόλοψ]] is rather due to adaptation to the nouns in <b class="b3">-οψ</b> (a sequence <b class="b3">*-ολψ</b> or <b class="b3">*-ορψ</b> is unknown in Greek) than with Bechtel Lex. s. v. to a disyllabic root form [?] -- Beside [[σκόλοψ]] stands in quite different meaning [[σκάλοψ]], <b class="b3">-οπος</b> m. [[mole]] (Ar. Ach. 879; also Cratin. 93 [<b class="b3">-ωψ</b>]) with [[σκαλοπία]] f. [[mole-track]] (Thphr. HP 7, 12, 3; tradit.. <b class="b3">σκολ-</b>, s. Scheller Oxytonierung 47 f.), clearly from [[σκάλλω]] with the in animal-names usual <b class="b3">οπ-</b>suffix (final); we may have to do with a folketym. justification of untransparent [[σπάλαξ]] (s. [[ἀσπάλαξ]] with a quite hypothetic etym.); s. Grégoire Byzantion 32, 32ff. -- As the variant with <b class="b3">-φρ-</b> shows, we have to do with a Pre-Greek word (influence of [[δίφρος]] is far-fatched); cf. Furnée 107. Words for [[pole]] etc. are often taken over from a substrate language. (Not in Furnée.)