κουφίζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> Att. fut. κουφῐῶ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1287: pf. κεκούφικα ''OGI''90.12 (Rosetta, ii B. C.):<br><span class="bld">I</span> to [[be light]], κουφίζουσαν ἄρουραν Hes.''Op.''463, cf. E.''Hel.''1555; of a sufferer, to [[be relieved]], κουφίζειν δοκῶ S.''Ph.'' 735, cf. Hp.''Aph.''2.27.<br><span class="bld">II</span> trans., [[lighten]], [[make light]], τὸ κενὸν ἐμπεριλαμβανόμενον κ. τὰ σώματα Arist.''Cael.''309a6:—Pass., Id.''PA'' 663b13: hence,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[lift up]], [[raise]], S.''Ant.''43, ''Tr.''1025 (lyr.); αἴρων κουφιῶ σ' ἐγώ [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1762 (lyr.); ἀσπίδ' ἀμφὶ βραχίονι κουφίζων E. ''Ph.''121 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἅλμα κουφιεῖν</b> [[make a light]] [[leap]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''l.c.; κ. [[πήδημα]] E.''El.''861 (lyr.); <b class="b3">δύστηνον αἰώρημα κουφίζω</b>, = [[δύστηνος αἰωροῦμαι]], Id.''Supp.''1047:—Pass., to [[be lifted up]], [[soar]], [τῷ πτερῷ] ᾧ ψυχὴ κουφίζεται [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''248c, cf. 249a; σώματα κουφίζόμενα ὑπὸ τοῦ κύματος Jul.''Or.''1.27c.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[lighten of]] a [[load]], <b class="b3">ὄχλου πλήθους τε κ. χθόνα</b> [[lighten]] [[earth]] of a [[multitude]], E.''Hel.''40; κουφισθεὶς τοῦ βάρους [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]''4.16.2: abs., [[lighten]] ships [[of their cargo]], τῷ ταχυναυτοῦντι κουφίσαντες προσβάλλειν Th.6.34; κουφισθεισῶν τῶν νεῶν Plb.20.5.11, cf. 1.60.8.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of persons, [[relieve]] from [[burden]]s, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.7.1, ''Cyr.''6.3.24; τὸν δῆμον τῶν εἰσφορῶν [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]13.64, cf. ''IG''12(7).506.16 (Amorgos, iii B. C.); τόκων τοὺς χρεωφειλέτας Plu.''Caes.''37; [[relieve]] (contractors), Plb.6.17.5; τῆς ὑπερηφανίας Phld.''Vit.''p.16 J.; κ. τοὺς νοσοῦντας Plu.2.1106c:—Pass., to [[be relieved]], <b class="b3">ὅταν σῶμα κουφισθῇ νόσου</b> [[from]]... [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''43; τοῦ πάθους Arist.''Pr.''873b22; λέξασα κουφισθήσομαι ψυχήν E.''Med.''473: fut. Med. [[κουφιεῖσθαι]] in pass. sense, Aristid.2.145 J.: metaph., <b class="b3">τῇ τῶνδε εὐκλείᾳ κουφίζεσθε</b> [[feel your burdens lightened]] by... Th.2.44; κουφίζονται οἱ λυπούμενοι [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1171a29, cf. ''Pol.''1342a14; ἐλπίδι κ. ματαίᾳ Ael.''NA''11.33.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. rei, [[lighten]], [[assuage]], ἀλγηδόνας E.''Fr.''573; συμφορὰς λόγῳ κ. D.60.35; κ. ἔρωτα Theoc.23.9; τὸ πάθος Plu.''Alex.''52; τὰ ὀφλήματα Id.2.807d: abs., [[give relief]] or [[procure relief]], <b class="b3">κ. οὐδέν, ἀλλά</b>… Hp. ''Epid.''1.7, cf. Arist.''GA''725b9:—Pass., νομίζοντες κεκουφίσθαι τὸν πόλεμον αὐτοῖς Plb.1.17.2.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[cancel]] a [[debt]], ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''126.8 (vi A. D.), etc.:—Med., ''PMasp.''95.10 (vi A. D.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἑαυτοὺς κ.</b> [[cheapen]] themselves, dub. in Epicur.''Nat.''112 G.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[subtract]], ἀπὸ τῶν μοιρῶν Heph.Astr.2.1.