χθόνιος: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=chthonios
|Transliteration C=chthonios
|Beta Code=xqo/nios
|Beta Code=xqo/nios
|Definition=α, ον, also ος, ον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1727</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1201</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hel.</span>345</span> (lyr.): ([[χθών]]):—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[chthonian]], [[chthonic]], [[in the earth]], [[under the earth]], or [[beneath the earth]], [[θεός]], [[δαίμων]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 767</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>522</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">Ἄϊδα στόμα</b>, of the [[cavern]] at [[Taenarus]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1727</span> (lyr.); χθονία [[λίμνη]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>902</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">Ζεὺς χθόνιος</b>, of [[Hades]] or [[Pluto]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>465</span>; <b class="b3">κτύπησε Ζεὺς χθόνιος</b>, of [[noise]] from [[beneath]] the [[earth]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1606</span>; βροντήματα χθόνια <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>994</span>; ἠχὼ χθόνιος ὡς βροντὴ Διός E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span> [[l.c.]], cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1750</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθόνιοι θεοί</b> [[god]]s [[of the nether world]], opp. [[ὕπατοι]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>89</span> (anap.), etc.; χ. δαίμονες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>628</span> (anap.); [[χθόνιοι]] alone, μᾶνις χθονίων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.159</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>641</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span> 399</span> (lyr.), al., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>828c</span>, <span class="bibl">959d</span> (but Ion. <b class="b3">χθονίη, ἡ,</b> earlier name of [[Γῆ]], <span class="bibl">Pherecyd.Syr.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>124b</span>is; <b class="b3">χθόνιαι θεαί</b>, i.e. [[Demeter]] and [[Persephone]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.134</span>, <span class="bibl">7.153</span>; of the [[Erinyes]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1568</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθόνιος Ἅιδας, χθόνιος Ἅιδης</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>237</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Andr.</span>544</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">χθόνιος Ἑρμῆς</b>, as [[conductor]] of the [[dead]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>111</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>832</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 1145</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Arist.</span>21</span>; χ. [[πορεία]], opp. [[οὐρανία]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>619e</span>; <b class="b3">χθονίᾳ φρενί</b>, of the dead, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.101</span>; χ. Ἑκάτη <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>500</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">χάρις ἡ χ</b>. grace [[with the gods below]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1752</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθονία φάμα</b> [[rumour]] that is [[hear]]d in the [[world]] [[below]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1066</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sprung from the earth]], Τιτῆνες <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>697</span>; of [[Echion]], one of the Theban [[γηγενεῖς]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>541</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Paus.9.5.3</span>, etc.; but also of [[mankind]], <b class="b3">ὁ χθόνιος ἄνθρωπος</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ . . λαχὼν τὴν ὑπόστασιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Procl. <span class="title">in Prm.</span>p.765</span> S. Adv. [[χθονίως]] = [[in an earthly manner]], opp. [[οὐρανίως]], Id.<span class="title">Sacr.</span> p.148 B. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[in the country]] or [[of the country]], [[θεοί]], [[ἡρῷσσαι]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>79</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1322</span>; [[native]], Ἄρεος . . πάγον . . ξυνῄδη χθόνιον ὄντα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>948</span>; γενεᾶς χθονίων ἀπ' Ἐρεχθειδᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>202</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> of things, [[of the earth]], <b class="b3">χθονία κόνις</b> (sed leg. [[γαΐα]], Hsch.), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>736</span> (codd., lyr.); opp. [[ἀέριος]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>27.4</span> (lyr.); [[πρηστήρ]] χθόνιος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>395a10</span>.—Poet. word, used once or twice in Pl. and in late Prose (v. supr.).</span>
|Definition=χθονία, χθόνιον, also χθόνιος, χθόνιον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1727 (lyr.), E.''Hipp.''1201, ''Hel.''345 (lyr.): ([[χθών]]):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[chthonian]], [[chthonic]], [[in the earth]], [[under the earth]], or [[beneath the earth]], [[θεός]], [[δαίμων]], Hes.''Th.'' 767, A.''Th.''522 (lyr.); <b class="b3">Ἄϊδα στόμα</b>, of the [[cavern]] at [[Taenarus]], Pi.''P.''4.43, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1727 (lyr.); χθονία [[λίμνη]] [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''902 (anap.); [[Ζεὺς χθόνιος]], of [[Hades]] or [[Pluto]], Hes.''Op.''465; <b class="b3">κτύπησε Ζεὺς χθόνιος</b>, of [[noise]] from [[beneath]] the [[earth]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1606; βροντήματα χθόνια [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''994; ἠχὼ χθόνιος ὡς βροντὴ Διός E.''Hipp.'' [[l.c.]], cf. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1750 (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθόνιοι θεοί</b> [[god]]s [[of the nether world]], opp. [[ὕπατος|ὕπατοι]], A.''Ag.''89 (anap.), etc.; χ. δαίμονες Id.''Pers.''628 (anap.); [[χθόνιοι]] alone, μᾶνις χθονίων Pi.''P.''4.159, cf. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''641 (lyr.), ''Ch.'' 399 (lyr.), al., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''828c, 959d (but Ion. [[χθονίη]], ἡ, earlier name of [[Γῆ]], Pherecyd.Syr.1, cf. Dam.''Pr.''124bis; <b class="b3">χθόνιαι θεαί</b>, i.e. [[Demeter]] and [[Persephone]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.134, 7.153; of the [[Erinyes]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1568 (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθόνιος Ἅιδας, χθόνιος Ἅιδης</b>, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''237 (lyr.), ''Andr.''544 (anap.); χθόνιος [[Ἑρμῆς]], as [[conductor]] of the [[dead]], A.''Ch.''1, S.''El.''111 (anap.), ''Aj.''832, Ar.''Ra.'' 1145, Plu.''Arist.''21; χ. [[πορεία]], opp. [[οὐρανία]], Pl.''R.''619e; <b class="b3">χθονίᾳ φρενί</b>, of [[the dead]], Pi.''P.''5.101; χ. [[Ἑκάτη]] Ar.''Fr.''500 (anap.); [[χάρις ἡ χθονία]] = [[grace with the gods below]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1752 (lyr.); <b class="b3">χθονία φάμα</b> [[rumour]] that is [[hear]]d in the [[world]] [[below]], Id.''El.''1066 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[sprung from the earth]], Τιτῆνες Hes.''Th.''697; of [[Echion]], one of the [[Theban]] [[γηγενεῖς]], E.''Ba.''541 (lyr.), cf. Paus.9.5.3, etc.; but also of [[mankind]], ὁ χθόνιος [[ἄνθρωπος]], opp. <b class="b3">ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ . . λαχὼν τὴν ὑπόστασιν</b>, Procl. ''in Prm.''p.765 S. Adv. [[χθονίως]] = [[in an earthly manner]], opp. [[οὐρανίως]], Id.''Sacr.'' p.148 B.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[in the country]] or [[of the country]], [[θεοί]], [[ἡρῷσσαι]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''79 (anap.), A.R.4.1322; [[native]], Ἄρεος . . πάγον . . ξυνῄδη χθόνιον ὄντα [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''948; γενεᾶς χθονίων ἀπ' Ἐρεχθειδᾶν Id.''Aj.''202 (anap.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> of things, [[of the earth]], χθονία [[κόνις]] (sed leg. [[γαΐα]], [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]), A.''Th.''736 (codd., lyr.); opp. [[ἀέριος]], E.''Fr.''27.4 (lyr.); [[πρηστήρ]] χθόνιος Arist.''Mu.''395a10.—Poet. word, used once or twice in Pl. and in late Prose (v. supr.).
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{{bailly
{{bailly
|btext=α <i>ou</i> ος, ον :<br /><b>1</b> souterrain : χθόνιοι δαίμονες, <i>ou abs.</i> χθόνιοι, les dieux des Enfers ; [[αἱ]] χθόνιαι θεαί, les déesses infernales (Déméter et Perséphonè, <i>ou</i> les Érinyes) ; ἡ χθονία, la déesse des Enfers (Hékatè);<br /><b>2</b> qui pénètre sous terre, qui va sous terre : [[χθόνιος]] [[Ἑρμῆς]], Hermès, conducteur des morts aux Enfers ; [[χθόνιος]] [[φάμα]] SOPH bruit qui parvient aux Enfers.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[χθών]].
|btext=α <i>ou</i> ος, ον :<br /><b>1</b> [[souterrain]] : χθόνιοι δαίμονες, <i>ou abs.</i> χθόνιοι, les dieux des Enfers ; αἱ χθόνιαι θεαί, les déesses infernales (Déméter et Perséphonè, <i>ou</i> les Érinyes) ; ἡ χθονία, la déesse des Enfers (Hékatè);<br /><b>2</b> [[qui pénètre sous terre]], [[qui va sous terre]] : [[χθόνιος]] [[Ἑρμῆς]], Hermès, conducteur des morts aux Enfers ; [[χθόνιος]] [[φάμα]] SOPH bruit qui parvient aux Enfers.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[χθών]].
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{{elru
{{elru
|elrutext='''χθόνιος:''' и<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[рожденный от богини земли]] ([[Χθών]]) ([[Τιτῆνες]] Hes.; [[δαίμων]] Aesch.; [[Ἐχίων]] Eur.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[туземный]], [[отечественный]], [[местный]] ([[Ἄρεος]] [[πάγος]] Soph.; θεοί Eur. - ср. 4): χθόνιοι Ἐρεχθεῖδαι Soph. исконные (для Аттики) Эрехтиды;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[наземный]], [[сухопутный]] (sc. ζῷα Eur.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[подземный]] (Ἃιδα [[στόμα]] Pind.; [[λίμνα]] Eur.): οἱ χθόνιοι (θεοί или δαίμονες) Pind., Trag., Plat. боги подземного царства; [[Ζεύς|Ζεὺς]] χ. Hes. = [[Ἃιδης]]; ἡ χθονία (sc. [[θεά]]) Eur. = [[Δημήτηρ]], у Theocr., Plut. = [[Ἑκάτη]]; χθόνιαι θεαί Her. = [[Δημήτηρ]] и [[Περσεφόνη]], у Soph. = Ἐρινύες; χθονία [[φάμα]] Soph. слава, достигающая подземного царства ([[χάρις]] ἡ χθονία Soph. = [[θάνατος]]).
|elrutext='''χθόνιος:''' и<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[рожденный от богини земли]] ([[Χθών]]) ([[Τιτῆνες]] Hes.; [[δαίμων]] Aesch.; [[Ἐχίων]] Eur.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[туземный]], [[отечественный]], [[местный]] ([[Ἄρεος]] [[πάγος]] Soph.; θεοί Eur. - ср. 4): χθόνιοι Ἐρεχθεῖδαι Soph. исконные (для Аттики) Эрехтиды;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[наземный]], [[сухопутный]] (''[[sc.]]'' ζῷα Eur.);<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[подземный]] (Ἃιδα [[στόμα]] Pind.; [[λίμνα]] Eur.): οἱ χθόνιοι (θεοί или δαίμονες) Pind., Trag., Plat. боги подземного царства; [[Ζεύς|Ζεὺς]] χ. Hes. = [[Ἃιδης]]; ἡ χθονία (''[[sc.]]'' [[θεά]]) Eur. = [[Δημήτηρ]], у Theocr., Plut. = [[Ἑκάτη]]; χθόνιαι θεαί Her. = [[Δημήτηρ]] и [[Περσεφόνη]], у Soph. = Ἐρινύες; χθονία [[φάμα]] Soph. слава, достигающая подземного царства ([[χάρις]] ἡ χθονία Soph. = [[θάνατος]]).
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{{Slater
{{Slater
|sltr=[[χθόνιος]] in, of the [[earth]] πὰρ χθόνιον Ἀίδα [[στόμα]] (P. 4.43) ἀκούοντί ποι χθονίᾳ φρενί (sc. the [[dead]] kings of [[Cyrene]]) (P. 5.101) δὴ [[τότε]] [[τέσσαρες]] ὀρθαὶ πρέμνων ἀπώρουσαν χθονίων κίονες (i. e. the pillars supporting [[Delos]]) fr. 33d. 6. m. pl. pro subs., gods of the [[underworld]], “[[δύνασαι]] δ' ἀφελεῖν μᾶνιν χθονίων” (P. 4.159)
|sltr=[[χθόνιος]] in, of the [[earth]] πὰρ χθόνιον Ἀίδα [[στόμα]] (P. 4.43) ἀκούοντί ποι χθονίᾳ φρενί (''[[sc.]]'' the [[dead]] kings of [[Cyrene]]) (P. 5.101) δὴ [[τότε]] [[τέσσαρες]] ὀρθαὶ πρέμνων ἀπώρουσαν χθονίων κίονες (i. e. the pillars supporting [[Delos]]) fr. 33d. 6. m. pl. pro subs., gods of the [[underworld]], “[[δύνασαι]] δ' ἀφελεῖν μᾶνιν χθονίων” (P. 4.159)
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{{trml
{{trml
|trtx====subterranean===
|trtx====[[subterranean]]===
Belarusian: падземны; Bulgarian: подземен; Catalan: subterrani; Chinese Mandarin: 地底, 地下; Czech: podzemní; Dutch: [[onderaards]]; Finnish: maanalainen; French: [[souterrain]]; German: [[unterirdisch]]; Greek: [[υπόγειος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ὑπόγειος]], [[χθόνιος]], [[κατάγειος]], [[κατάγαιος]]; Hebrew: תַּת קַרְקָעִי‎; Hungarian: föld alatti; Italian: [[sotterraneo]]; Japanese: 地下の; Kazakh: жерасты; Latin: [[subterraneus]]; Old English: eorþen; Polish: podziemny; Portuguese: [[subterrâneo]]; Russian: [[подземный]]; Slovak: podzemný; Spanish: [[subterráneo]]; Swedish: underjordisk; Ukrainian: підземний; Yiddish: אונטערערדיש‎
Belarusian: падземны; Bulgarian: подземен; Catalan: subterrani; Chinese Mandarin: 地底, 地下; Czech: podzemní; Dutch: [[onderaards]]; Finnish: maanalainen; French: [[souterrain]]; German: [[unterirdisch]]; Greek: [[υπόγειος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ὑπόγειος]], [[χθόνιος]], [[κατάγειος]], [[κατάγαιος]]; Hebrew: תַּת קַרְקָעִי‎; Hungarian: föld alatti; Italian: [[sotterraneo]]; Japanese: 地下の; Kazakh: жерасты; Latin: [[subterraneus]]; Old English: eorþen; Polish: podziemny; Portuguese: [[subterrâneo]]; Russian: [[подземный]]; Slovak: podzemný; Spanish: [[subterráneo]]; Swedish: underjordisk; Ukrainian: підземний; Yiddish: אונטערערדיש‎
===underground===
===[[underground]]===
Belarusian: падземны; Catalan: subterrani; Chinese Mandarin: 地下; Czech: podzemní; Dutch: [[ondergronds]]; Esperanto: subtera; Finnish: maanalainen; French: [[souterrain]]; Georgian: მიწისქვეშა; German: [[unterirdisch]], [[Untegrund-]]; Greek: [[υπόγειος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ὑπόγειος]], [[ὑπόνομος]], [[χθόνιος]]; Hungarian: föld alatti; Icelandic: neðanjarðar; Ido: subtera; Italian: [[sotterraneo]]; Japanese: 地下; Korean 땅속, 땅굴, 땅밑, 땅아래, 지하(地下); Latin: [[subterraneus]]; Macedonian: подземен; Maori: rarowhenua; Norwegian Bokmål: underjordisk; Polish: podziemny; Portuguese: [[subterrâneo]]; Romanian: subteran; Russian: [[подземный]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: подземан; Roman: podzeman; Spanish: [[subterráneo]]; Swedish: underjordisk; Ukrainian: підземний; Yiddish: אונטערגרונט‎, אונטערערדיש‎
Belarusian: падземны; Catalan: subterrani; Chinese Mandarin: 地下; Czech: podzemní; Dutch: [[ondergronds]]; Esperanto: subtera; Finnish: maanalainen; French: [[souterrain]]; Georgian: მიწისქვეშა; German: [[unterirdisch]], [[Untegrund-]]; Greek: [[υπόγειος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ὑπόγειος]], [[ὑπόνομος]], [[χθόνιος]]; Hungarian: föld alatti; Icelandic: neðanjarðar; Ido: subtera; Italian: [[sotterraneo]]; Japanese: 地下; Korean 땅속, 땅굴, 땅밑, 땅아래, 지하(地下); Latin: [[subterraneus]]; Macedonian: подземен; Maori: rarowhenua; Norwegian Bokmål: underjordisk; Polish: podziemny; Portuguese: [[subterrâneo]]; Romanian: subteran; Russian: [[подземный]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: подземан; Roman: podzeman; Spanish: [[subterráneo]]; Swedish: underjordisk; Ukrainian: підземний; Yiddish: אונטערגרונט‎, אונטערערדיש‎
===chthonic===
===[[chthonic]]===
Catalan: ctònic; Finnish: ktooninen; French: [[chthonien]]; Galician: ctónico; German: [[chthonisch]]; Greek: [[χθόνιος]]; Ancient Greek: [[χθόνιος]]; Polish: chtoniczny; Portuguese: [[ctónio]], [[ctônio]], [[ctónico]], [[ctônico]]; Russian: [[хтонический]]; Welsh: isfydol, cthonig
Catalan: ctònic; Finnish: ktooninen; French: [[chthonien]]; Galician: ctónico; German: [[chthonisch]]; Greek: [[χθόνιος]]; Ancient Greek: [[χθόνιος]]; Polish: chtoniczny; Portuguese: [[ctónio]], [[ctônio]], [[ctónico]], [[ctônico]]; Russian: [[хтонический]]; Welsh: isfydol, cthonig
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