ἕλκω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=([[ἑλκύω]] late, Tz.''H.''6.621), Il.24.52, etc., impf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> εἷλκον A.''Fr.''39, etc., Ep.ἕλκον Il.4.213,al. (never [[εἵλκυον]]): fut.ἕλξω A.''Supp.''909, etc., rarely ἑλκύσω [ῠ] Hp.''Fract.''2, Philem.174: aor. εἵλκῠσα Batr.232, Pi.''N.''7.103, Trag. and Att., E.''Ph.''987, Ar.''Nu.''540, ''SIG''2587.23, al., etc.; ἥλκυσα ''IG''11(2).287 ''B''61 (Delos, ii B.C.), ''CIG''4993,5006 (Egypt, iii A.D.); later [[εἷλξα]], ''poet.'' ἕλξα ''AP''9.370 (Tib. Ill.), Orph.''A.''258, Gal.''Nat.Fac.''1.12: pf. εἵλκῠκα D.22.59; pf. part. [[ἑολκώς]] prob.in Epich. 177:—Med., fut. -ύσομαι (ἐφ-) Antyll. ap. Orib.6.10.9: aor. εἱλκυσάμην (ἀφ-) [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Hp.''Art.''11, subj. ἀφελκύσωμαι [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''1120; rarely εἱλξάμην Gal.4.534:—Pass., fut. ἑλκυσθήσομαι A.''Th.''614 (ξυγκαθ-), Lyc.358, ἑλχθήσομαι Gal.''UP''7.7: aor. εἱλκύσθην Hp.''Epid.''4.14, (ἐξ-) Ar.''Ec.''688, ἑλκ- [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.140, ἡλκ- ''IG''12(7).115.11 (Amorgos); later εἵλχθην Ph.2.11, Philostr.''VA''8.15, D.L.6.91: pf. εἵλκυσμαι Hp.''Superf.'' 16, E.''Rh.''576,Ph.1.316, (καθ-) Th.6.50, [[ἕλκυσμαι]] (ἀν-) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.98, ἥλκυσμαι ''BGU''1256.11(ii B.C.): plpf. εἵλκυστο Hp.''Epid.''4.36.—In Att., [[ἕλκω]], [[ἕλξω]] were alone used in pres. and fut., while the other tenses were formed from ἑλκυ-; cf. [[ἑλκέω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), [[ἑλκυστάζω]]. In Hom., Aristarch. rejected the augm. (Cf. Lat. [[sulcus]], Lith. velkù 'drag'):—[[draw]], [[drag]], with collat.notion of force or exertion, [[ὣς εἰπὼν ποδὸς ἕλκε]] = began to [[drag]] (the [[dead]] [[body]]) by the [[foot]], Il.13.383; ἤν περ.. ποδῶν ἕλκωσι θύραζε Od.16.276; τινὰ τῆς ῥινός Luc.''Herm.''73; Ἕκτορα.. περὶ σῆμ' ἑτάροιο ἕλκει Il.24.52; [[drag away]] a prisoner, 22.65 (Pass.); [[draw]] ships down to the sea, 2.152, etc.; [[draw along]] a [[fell]]ed [[tree]], 17.743; of mules, [[draw]] a [[chariot]], 24.324; ἑλκέμεναι νειοῖο.. πηκτὸν ἄροτρον = [[draw]] the [[plough]] [[through]] the field, 10.353, cf. 23.518; ἕλκω τινὰ ἐπὶ κνάφου [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.92; περιβαλόντας σχοινία ἕλκω = [[haul]] at them, Id.5.85.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[draw after one]], ἐν δ' ἔπεσ' Ὠκεανῷ.. φάος ἠελίοιο, ἕλκον νύκτα μέλαιναν Il.8.486; πέδας ἕλκω = [[trail]] [[fetter]]s [[after]] [[one]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.129; ἕλκω χλανίδα = [[let]] one's [[cloak]] [[trail]] [[behind]], Ephipp.19(anap.); [[θοἰμάτιον]] Archipp.45.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[tear in pieces]] (used by Hom. only in the form [[ἑλκέω]]), ὀνύχεσσι παρειάν E. ''Tr.''280; [[worry]], τὰς κύνας ὥλαφος ἕλκοι Theoc.1.135; ἑλκυσθῆναι ὑπὸ κυνός [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.140.<br><span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[carp at]], Pi.''N.''7.103.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[draw]] a bow, ἕλκε.. γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια Il.4.122, cf. Od.21.419, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 3.21, X.''An.''4.2.28, etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[draw]] a sword, S.''Ant.''1233, E.''Rh.''576 (Pass.):—Med., ἕλκετο δ' ἐκ κολεοῖο.. ξίφος Il.1.194.<br><span class="bld">6</span> ἕλκω ἱστία = [[hoist]] [[sail]]s, Od.2.426:—also in Med.,''h.Bacch.''32.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[lift up]] [[scale]]s, so as to [[poise]] them, ἕλκε δὲ μέσσα λαβών Il.8.72, 22.212.<br><span class="bld">II</span> after Hom.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[pull]] a barge-pole, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.194.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[tow]] a ship, Th.2.90, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[drag into court]], ἕλκω σε κλητεύσοντα Ar.''Nu.''1218, cf. 1004 (Pass.); εἰς ἀγοράν ''Act.Ap.''16.19; [[drag about]], esp. with lewd violence, ἕλκει καὶ βιάζεται D.21.150; οἶδε.. μηδέν' ἕλξειν μηδ' [[ὑβρίζω|ὑβριεῖν]] μηδὲ [[τύπτω|τυπτήσειν]] = he knows that no one shall [[seize]] or [[insult]] or [[strike]] him ib. 221; ἕλκειν γυναῖκα Lys.1.12: metaph., [[ἄνω]] κάτω τοὺς λόγους ἕλκω Pl. ''Tht.''195c, cf. Arist.''SE''167a35; ἡμέας ὁ καιρὸς ἕλκει Herod.2.10; also [[ἥλκυσμαι]] [[λαμπαδάρχης]] = I have been [[compel]]led to [[serve]] as [[λαμπαδάρχης]], ''BGU'' [[l.c.]]<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[draw]] or [[suck up]], [ἥλιος] ἕλκει τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπ' ἑωυτόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.25; ἕλκω τὸν ἀέρα = [[draw]] it in, [[breathe]] it, Hp.Aër.19, Ti.Locr.101d (Pass.), cf. Philyll.20: [[ζωὴν φύσιν]] Archel. ap. Antig.''Mir.''89; especially of persons drinking, [[drink in long draughts]], [[quaff]], μέθυ [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''1200; ἄμυστιν Id.''Cyc.''417; τὴν.. τοῦ Πραμνίου [σπονδήν] [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''107; οἶνον ἐκ.. λεπαστῆς TeleclId.24 (lyr.); ἀπνευστί Antiph.74.14, etc.: with acc. of the cup, δέπας μεστὸν.. ἕλκουσι γνάθοις ἀπαύστοις Id.237, cf. Eub. 56.7, al.; so [[ἕλκω μαστόν]] [[suck]] it, E.''Ph.''987; [[inhale]], ὀσμήν Antig.''Mir.'' 89; of roots, [[draw up]] [[nourishment]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 1.6.10: metaph., χανδὸν καὶ ἀμυστὶ τῶν μαθημάτων ἕλκω Eun.''VS''p.474D.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[draw]] from a receptacle, ἐξ ἑκάστου κιβωτίου πινάκιον ἕν Arist.''Ath.''64.1.<br><span class="bld">6</span> ἕλκω [[βίοτος|βίοτον]], [[ζόαν]], [[drag out]] a [[weary]] [[life]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''207 (lyr.), ''Ph.''1535 (lyr.); προφάσιας ἕ. = [[keep making]] [[excuse]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.86; πάσας τε προφάσεις.. ἕλκουσι Ar.''Lys.''727; [[ἕλκω χρόνους]] [[make long]], in prosody, Longin.''Proll. Heph.''p.83C.: hence intr., ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο λέγεται ἑλκύσαι τὴν σύστασιν.. that the [[conflict]] [[drag]]ged on, [[last]]ed, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.167, cf. ''PHib.''1.83.9 (iii B.C.):—Pass., τῶν ἐγκλημάτων εἱκλυσμένων πλείονα χρόνον ''Supp.Epigr.''2.281 (Delph., ii B.C.); also of a person, ἑλκόμενος καὶ μόγις Pl. ''R.''350d.<br><span class="bld">7</span> ἕλκω [[κόρδαξ|κόρδακα]] = [[dance]] in [[long]], [[measured]] steps, Ar.''Nu.''540; ἓν τουτὶ ([[σχῆμα]]) Id.''Pax''328.<br><span class="bld">8</span> [[draw to oneself]], [[attract]], of the [[magnet]], E.''Fr.''567; by spells, τινὰ ποτὶ δῶμα Theoc.2.17, cf.[[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.11.18, Plot.4.4.40, etc.; [[πείθειν]] καὶ ἑ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 458d; ἐχθροὺς ἐφ' ἑαυτόν D.22.59; [[draw on]], ἐπὶ ἡδονάς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''238a; εἰς τυραννίδας ἕλκω τὰς πολιτείας Id.''R.''568c:—Pass., to [[be drawn on]] as by a [[spell]], ἴυγγι δ' ἕλκομαι ἦτορ Pi.''N.''4.35; πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 494e.<br><span class="bld">9</span> of things weighed, [[ἕλκω σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα]] [[draw down]] the [[balance]], i.e. [[weigh]] ten [[talent]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.50, cf. Eup.116: abs., [[τὸ δ' ἂν ἑλκύσῃ]] = [[whatever it weigh]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 2.65; [[πλεῖον]] ἕ. Pl.''Min.''316a.<br><span class="bld">b</span> ἕλκω τὰς ψήφους = [[cast up]] the [[account]], ''PPetr.''2p.37 (iii B.C.), ''PHib.''1.17.25 (iii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">10</span> [[draw]] or [[derive]] from a [[source]], ἐντεῦθεν εἵλκυσεν ἐπὶ τὴν.. τέχνην τὸ πρός φορον αὐτῇ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''270a, cf. Jul.''Or.''7.207a; τὸ γένος ἀπό τινος Str.11.9.3; [[assume]], μείζω φαντασίαν Plb.32.10.5; ὁ [[ἄρτος]] ἕλκει [[χρῶμα]] [[κάλλιστος|κάλλιστον]] Ath.3.113c.<br><span class="bld">11</span> [[ἑλκύσαι πλίνθους]] = [[make bricks]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.179, cf. ''PPetr.''3p.137; ἕλκω [[λάγανον]] Chrysipp. Tyan. ap. Ath.14.647e.<br><span class="bld">12</span> αἱ θυρίδες ἕλκουσι = the [[window]]s [[draw in]] [[air]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''Vent.''29.<br><span class="bld">13</span> [[ἕλκω ἑαυτόν]], expressing some kind of [[athletic]] [[exercise]], Pl.''Prm.'' 135d.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Med., ἕλκω χαίτας ἐκ κεφαλῆς = [[tear one's hair]], Il.10.15; [[ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον]] = [[drew his chair nearer to the fire]], Od.19.506, cf. Semon.7.26.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[draw to oneself]], [[scrape up]], [[amass]], τιμάς, ἄφενος [[ἕλκεσθαι]], Thgn.30.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἕλκεσθαι]] στάθμας περισσᾶς in Pi.''P.''2.90, means lit., to [[drag at]] too [[great]] a [[line]], i.e. [[grasp]] more than one's due—but whence the metaphor is taken remains unexplained.<br><span class="bld">C</span> Pass., to [[be drawn]] or [[be wrenched]], νῶτα.. ἑλκόμενα [[στερεῶς]], of [[wrestler]]s, Il.23.715; of the nails, to [[be curved]], Hp.''Morb.''2.48; to [[close in]] when the core is removed, of the timber of certain trees, [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 5.5.2.<br><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be drawn]] or to [[flow at a place]], of streams, Lyc.702; πρὸς ἀντολίην ἕ. αἶα D.P.1086.<br><span class="bld">3</span> to [[be drawn]] or [[be contracted]], εἱλκύσθη ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ τράχηλος Hp.''Epid.''4.14.

|mantxt=(=[[σέρνω]]). Ἀπό ρίζα ελκ-. Θέμα σελκ-, μέ [[τροπή]] τοῦ σ σέ δασεία → [[ἕλκω]]. Μέ μετάπτωση ὁλκ.<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[ἑλκηδόν]] (=[[συρτά]]), [[ἑλκηθμός]] (=[[ἀπαγωγή]]), [[ἕλκηθρον]], [[ἑλκτέον]], [[ἑλκτικός]] (=[[ἑλκυστικός]]), [[ἑλκτός]], [[ἕλκυσις]], (ἀν, καθ)έλκυσις, [[ἕλκυσμα]], [[ἑλκυσμός]], [[ἑλκυστέον]], ἑλκυστήρῆρος, ἀνελκυστήρ, [[ἑλκυστικός]] (=[[θελκτικός]]), (δι)ελκυστίνδα (=[[εἶδος]] παιχνιδιοῦ, ὅπου τό [[κάθε]] [[μέρος]] τῶν παικτῶν προσπαθεῖ νά σύρει πρός τό [[μέρος]] του τό [[ἄλλο]], [[πέρα]] ἀπό τή [[γραμμή]] πού ἔβαλαν στή [[μέση]] σά σύνορο), [[ἑλκυστός]], [[ἑλκεχίτων]] (=αὐτός πού σέρνει τό χιτώνα), [[ἑλκεσίπεπλος]], [[ἕλξις]], [[ὁλκή]] (=δύναμη τραβήγματος), [[ὁλκός]] (=[[μηχανή]] γιά τράβηγμα), [[ἐμβρυουλκός]], ρυμουλκός, [[δίολκος]], [[ὁλκάς]] -άδος (=ἐμπορικό πλοῖο), [[ὁλκεῖον]] (=[[πηδάλιο]]), [[ὁλκεύς]] (=πού σέρνει δίχτυα), [[ὅλκιμος]], [[νεωλκός]]. Τό [[ἕλκος]] (=[[πληγή]]) ἀπό ἄλλη ρίζα. Ἐπίσης ἀπό τό [[ἕλκω]] τό: ἅλοξ (=[[αὐλάκι]]), [[αὖλαξ]].