πάλιν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], poet. also πάλι (q.v), Adv. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of [[place]], [[back]], [[backwards]] (the usual sense in early Ep.), mostly joined with Verbs of going, coming, etc.; π. χώρει <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.72</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἐλεύσεται, κατελθεῖν, ἐπανέλθωμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>601</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>438a</span>, etc.; κέλευθον ἥνπερ ἦλθες ἐγκόνει π. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>962</span>; δίκα καὶ πάντα π. στρέφεται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>412</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">δεῦρο σωθήσῃ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>725</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1400</span>; <b class="b3">δόμεναι π</b>. give [[back]], [[restore]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.116</span>, etc.; π. ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl">And.2.23</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἀγκαλέσαι</b> to call [[back]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1021</span> (lyr.): less freq. c. gen., <b class="b3">π. τράπεθ' υἷος ἑοῖο</b> she turned [[back from]] her son, <span class="bibl">Il.18.138</span>; δόρυ Ἀχιλλῆος π. ἔτραπεν <span class="bibl">20.439</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.7.143</span>: coupled with other Advbs., π. αὖτις ἔβαινον νηὸς ἐπὶ γλαφυρῆς <span class="bibl">14.356</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.65</span>; <b class="b3">αὖ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.13.125</span>; ἂψ π. <span class="bibl">Il.18.280</span>; π. εἶσιν ὀπίσσω <span class="bibl">Od.11.149</span>; π. φέρεσθαι ἐξοπίσω <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span> 181</span>; <b class="b3">ἄψορρον π</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>53</span>; <b class="b3">π. οἴκαδε, π. οἴκαδ' αὖ</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>792</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1486</span>; π. αὖ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>318e</span>, etc.: with the Art., ἡ π. ὁδός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>125</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to express [[contradiction]], <b class="b3">π. ἐρέει</b> [[gain]]say, <span class="bibl">Il.9.56</span>; <b class="b3">π. ὅ γε λάζετο μῦθον</b> took [[back]] his word, [[unsaid]] it, <span class="bibl">4.357</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἀληθέα εἰπεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.254</span>; <b class="b3">μηδέ τῳ δόξῃ π</b>. let no one think [[contrariwise]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1045</span>: in Prose, [[contrariwise]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>482d</span>; π. αὖ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>507b</span>; <b class="b3">αὖ… π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ap.</span>27d</span>: in this sense sometimes c. gen., <b class="b3">τὸ π. νεότατος</b> youth's [[opposite]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).87</span>; <b class="b3">χρόνου τὸ π</b>. [[the change]] of time, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>777</span>(lyr.); cf. [[ἔμπαλιν]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of [[time]], [[again]], [[once more]], rare in Hom., <span class="bibl">Il.2.276</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1166</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>1.6.11</span>, etc.: freq. coupled with [[αὖ]], [[αὖθις]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]); π. ἐξ ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>997</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. καὶ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Str.17.1.3</span>, Plu.2.565d, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>1.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγχει καὶ π. εἰπέ, π. π. Ἡλιοδώρας</b>" <span class="title">AP</span>5.135 (Mel.): both senses (I and II) are appropriate in <span class="bibl">Od.16.456</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>322b</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[in turn]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>371</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>342</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span>87</span>, etc.; π. ὁ Κῦρος ἠρώτα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 1.6.7</span>; π. ἀπαιτῶ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>612d</span>; [[again]], <b class="b3">πρῶτον μέν… ἔπειτα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1289b29</span>, etc. (In compos. [[πάλιν]] sometimes means [[doubly]], as in [[παλιμμήκης]], [[παλίνσκιος]].)</span>

|btext=<i>adv.</i><br /><b>I.</b> [[en sens inverse]], [[en rebroussant chemin]], [[à rebours]], [[en arrière]] : [[πάλιν]] χωρεῖν HDT, ἔρχεσθαι ESCHL aller en arrière, revenir ; πρὸς ναῦν ἀποστέλλειν [[πάλιν]] SOPH renvoyer au navire ; [[πάλιν]] ἐπανιέναι XÉN retourner ; [[πάλιν]] [[δοῦναι]] <i>ou</i> ἀποδοῦναι XÉN donner de nouveau, redonner, rendre ; avec le gén. : [[πάλιν]] τράπεθ’ [[υἷος]] [[ἑοῖο]] IL elle se détourna de son fils ; [[δόρυ]] [[πάλιν]] ἔτραπεν Ἀχιλλῆος IL elle détourna le javelot qui se dirigeait vers Achille ; [[πάλιν]] [[αὖτις]] HOM, [[αὖτε]] [[πάλιν]] OD, ἂψ [[πάλιν]] IL, [[πάλιν]] [[ὀπίσσω]] OD en revenant sur ses pas, en arrière, de nouveau;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>par suite</i><br /><b>1</b> [[à l'opposé]], [[au contraire]] : [[πάλιν]] ἐρεῖν IL contredire ; μῦθον [[πάλιν]] λάζεσθαι IL reprendre la parole et lui donner un autre sens, dire le contraire de ce qu’on avait dit, parler autrement que l'on ne pense ; [[πάλιν]] ποίησε γέροντα OD elle le transforma en vieillard;<br /><b>2</b> [[en sens inverse]], [[en retour]], [[à son tour]], [[de nouveau]] : [[πάλιν]] ὁ [[Κῦρος]] ἠρώτα XÉN Cyrus demanda à son tour ; [[πάλιν]] καὶ [[πάλιν]] encore et encore.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG apparenté à [[πέλομαι]], [[πόλος]].

|sltr=<b>πᾰλιν</b> <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> of [[place]], [[back]] προῆκαν υἱὸν ἀθάνατοί οἱ [[πάλιν]] (O. 1.65) [[ταχέως]] δ' ἐπ ἀδελφεοῦ βίαν [[πάλιν]] χώρησεν ὁ Τυνδαρίδας (N. 10.73) ἐς τὸν [[ὕπερθεν]] [[ἅλιον]] κείνων ἐνάτῳ ἔτει ἀνδιδοῖ ψυχὰς [[πάλιν]] fr. 133. 3.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> of [[time]], [[again]] [[ὅπως]] σφίσι μὴ [[κοίρανος]] [[ὀπίσω]] [[πάλιν]] οἴκαδ' ἀνεψιὸς ζαμενὴς λτ;γτ;ελένοιο [[Μέμνων]] μόλοι (N. 3.63) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> τὸ [[πάλιν]], the [[reverse]] c. gen. ἵκοντι νεότατος τὸ [[πάλιν]] [[ἤδη]] (O. 10.87)

|astxt=[[πάλιν]], adv., [in [[LXX]] for שׁוּב, etc.;] <br /><b class="num">1.</b>of [[place]], [[back]], [[backwards]] (LS, s.v.). <br /><b class="num">2.</b>Of [[time]], [[again]], [[once]] [[more]]: Mt 4:8, Mk 2:13, Lk 23:20, Jo 1:35 (and freq.), Ac 17:32, Ro 11:23, Ga 1:9, He 1:6, al; pleonastically, π. ἀνακάμπτειν, Ac 18:21; ὑποστρέφειν, Ga 1:17; εἰς τὸ π., II Co 13:2; π. ἐκ τρίτου (Bl., §81, 4), Mt 26:44; ἐκ δευτέρου, Mt 26:42, Ac 10:15; π. δεῦτερον, Jo 4:54 21:16; π. [[ἄνωθεν]] ( Wi 19:6), Ga 4:9. <br /><b class="num">3.</b>Rhetorically, [[again]];<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>[[further]], [[moreover]]: Mt 5:33, Lk 13:20, Jo 12:39, al.; <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>in [[turn]], on the [[other]] [[hand]] (Soph.; LXX: Wi 13:8 16:23, al.): Lk 6:43, I Co 12:21, II Co 10:7, I Jo 2:8.

|txtha=adverb, from Homer down;<br /><b class="num">1.</b> anew, [[again]] ([[but]] the [[primary]] [[meaning]] seems to be [[back]]; cf. ([[among]] others) Ellendt, Lex. [[Sophocles]], [[under]] the [[word]], ii, p. 485);<br /><b class="num">a.</b> joined to verbs of [[all]] sorts, it denotes [[renewal]] or [[repetition]] of the [[action]]: [[πάλιν]] is [[tacitly]] opposed to the [[time]] [[when]] God [[first]] brought his Son [[into]] the [[world]], i. e. to the [[time]] of Jesus' [[former]] [[life]] on [[earth]]); [[πάλιν]] [[μικρόν]] [[namely]], [[ἔσται]], εἰς τό [[πάλιν]], [[again]] (cf. German zum wiederholten Male; ([[see]] εἰς, A. II:2 at the [[end]])), ἄγωμεν, ἀναχωρεῖν, Tdf. φεύγει and Griesbach omits [[πάλιν]]) (cf. ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἐισέρχεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἔρχεσθαι, Winer's Grammar, 554 (515) n.; Buttmann, § 145,2a.); ὑπάγειν, ἀνακάμπτειν, διαπεραν, ὑποστρέφειν, ἡ ἐμή [[παρουσία]] [[πάλιν]] [[πρός]] [[ὑμᾶς]], my [[presence]] [[with]] [[you]] [[again]], i. e. my [[return]] to [[you]], Buttmann, § 125,2); [[also]] [[with]] verbs of [[taking]], [[πάλιν]] εἰς φόβον, [[πάλιν]] ἐν [[λύπη]], [[πάλιν]] is explained by the [[addition]] of [[more]] [[precise]] specifications of [[time]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 604 (562)): [[πάλιν]] ἐκ τρίτου, L Tr marginal [[reading]] brackets ἐκ τρίτου); ἐκ δευτέρου, [[πάλιν]] δεύτερον, [[πάλιν]] [[ἄνωθεν]], [[again]], anew (R. V. [[back]] [[again]] ([[yet]] cf. Meyer at the [[passage]])), [[πάλιν]] ἐξ ἀρχῆς, [[Aristophanes]] [[Plutarch]], 866; [[Plato]], Eut., p. 11b. and 15c.; Isoc. areiop. 6, p. 338 (p. 220, Lange edition); cf. Winer's Grammar, as [[above]]).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[again]], i. e. [[further]], [[moreover]] ([[where]] the [[subject]] [[remains]] the [[same]] and a [[repetition]] of the [[action]] or [[condition]] is indicated): [[πάλιν]] ἠκούσατε); T Tr WH [[omit]]; L brackets [[πάλιν]]), Tdf.); [[especially]] [[where]] to O. T. passages [[already]] quoted others are added: Clement of [[Rome]], 1 Corinthians 15,3 f [ET] and [[often]] in [[Philo]]; cf. Bleek, Br. a. d. in [[turn]], on the [[other]] [[hand]]: T WH L brackets Tr brackets; Pape, [[under]] the [[word]], 2; Passow, [[under]] the [[word]], 3; (Ellendt as [[above]] (at the [[beginning]]); Liddell and Scott, [[under]] the [[word]], III.; [[but]] [[many]] (e. g. Fritzsche and Meyer on [[πάλιν]] in his Gospel [[far]] [[more]] [[frequent]] [[than]] the [[other]] N. T. writings, in his Epistles [[but]] [[once]]; Luke [[two]] or [[three]] times; the [[author]] of the Rev. [[twice]].

|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of [[place]], [[back]], [[backwards]], Hom., Hes., etc.; π. χωρέειν Hdt.; π. ἔρχεσθαι Aesch., etc.; also, [[πάλιν]] [[δοῦναι]] to [[give]] [[back]], [[restore]], Il.:—c. gen., [[πάλιν]] τράπεθ' [[υἷος]] [[ἑοῖο]] she turned [[back]] from her son, Il.; [[πάλιν]] κίε θυγατέρος ἧς Il.;—also [[πάλιν]] [[αὖτις]] [[back]] [[again]], [[αὖτε]] [[πάλιν]], ἂψ π., π. [[ὀπίσσω]], etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> with a [[notion]] of [[contradiction]], [[πάλιν]] ἐρεῖν to [[gain]] say (i. e. say [[against]]), Il.; but, μῦθον [[πάλιν]] λάζεσθαι to [[take]] [[back]] one's [[word]], [[unsay]] it, Il.; opp. to ἀληθέα [[εἰπεῖν]], Od.: in Prose, [[contrariwise]], Plat.: —c. gen., τὸ [[πάλιν]] νεότητος [[youth]]'s [[opposite]], Pind.; χρόνου τὸ [[πάλιν]] the [[change]] of [[time]], Eur.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of [[time]], [[again]], [[once]] [[more]], anew, Soph., etc.; so, [[αὖθις]] [[πάλιν]], [[πάλιν]] [[αὖθις]], αὖ [[πάλιν]], [[πάλιν]] αὖ, αὖ [[πάλιν]] [[αὖθις]], [[αὖθις]] αὖ [[πάλιν]], [[Attic]]<br /><b class="num">III.</b> [[again]], in [[turn]], Soph.