ἀπολύω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[v. [[λύω]]], fut. ἀπολύσω, etc.: fut. Pass.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἀπολελύσομαι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]'' 6.2.37:—[[loose from]], ἱμάντα θοῶς ἀπέλυσε κορώνης Od.21.46; <b class="b3">ὄφρ' ἀπὸ τοίχους λῦσε κλύδων τρόπιος</b> the sides of the ship [[from]] the keel, ib.12.420; [[undo]], <b class="b3">ἀπὸ κρήδεμνον ἔλυσεν</b> ib.3.392; ἐπιδέσματα Hp. ''Fract.''25.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[set free]], [[release]], [[relieve from]], ἀ. τινὰ τῆς φρουρῆς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 2.30; τῆς ἐπιμελείας [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.3.47; τῶν ἐκεῖ κακῶν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 365a; τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ σώματος κοινωνίας Id.''Phd.''65a, cf. 67a; <b class="b3">ἀ. τῆς μετρήσεως</b> [[save]] them [[from the trouble]] of measuring, Arist.''Pol.''1257a40:—Pass., to [[be set free]], <b class="b3">τῶν δεινῶν, φόβου</b>, Th.1.70, 7.56, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> freq. in legal sense, <b class="b3">ἀ. τῆς αἰτίης</b> [[acquit of]] the charge, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.88, X.''An.''6.6.15; opp. [[καταψηφίζω]], Democr.262; τῆς εὐθύνης Ar.''V.''571: c. inf., <b class="b3">ἀ. τινὰ μὴ φῶρα εἶναι</b> [[acquit of]] being a thief, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.174; so ἀπολύεται μὴ ἀδικεῖν Th.1.95, cf. 128: abs., [[acquit]], Ar.''V.''988,1000, Lys.20.20, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Il. always, = [[ἀπολυτρόω]], [[release on receipt of ransom]], οὐδ' ἀπέλυσε θύγατρα καὶ οὐκ ἀπεδέξατ' ἄποινα 1.95; Ἕκτορ' ἔχει.. οὐδ' ἀπέλυσεν 24.115, al.:—Med., [[set free by payment of ransom]], [[ransom]], [[redeem]], χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ' ἀπολυσόμεθ' [[at a price of]].., Il.22.50 (but Act. in Prose, [[ἀπολύειν]] πολλῶν χρημάτων X.''HG''4.8.21).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[let go]], [[let alone]], [[leave]] one, of an [[illness]], Hp.''Coac.''564.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[discharge]], [[disband]] an army, ἀ. οἴκαδε X.''HG''6.5.21; generally, [[dismiss]], [[discharge]], ἐμὲ.. ἀπέλυσ' ἄδειπνον [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]'' 1155, cf. Bion 1.96.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[divorce]] a wife, ''Ev.Matt.''1.19, etc.; τὸν ἄνδρα D.S.12.18.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[do away with]], [[remove]], αἰσχύνην D.20.47:—Pass., Antipho 2.1.5.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[discharge]] or [[pay]] a debt, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''417b; [[pay]], ἀ. τὸν χαλκόν ''PTeb.''490 (i B. C.); [[pay off]] a mortgage, ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''509.15.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[dismiss]] a charge, εἰσαγγελία ὑπὸ τοῦ κατηγόρου ἀπολελυμένη Hyp.''Eux.''38.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> ἀ. ἀνδράποδα Θρᾳξίν [[sell]], Antipho 5.20; <b class="b3">ἀ. οἰκίαν τινί</b> [[sell]] a mortgaged house [[outright]], Is.6.33.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[deliver]], τί τινι ''PFlor.'' 123.2 (iii A. D.): —Pass., ib.228.6 (iii A. D.).<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[begin to count]], [μοίρας] ἀπό.. Vett. Val. 135: abs., Id.19.19, Paul.Al.''Q.''2.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> intr., [[depart]] (cf. B.IV, C. 2), Plb.3.69.14, al.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Med. with aor. 2 [[ἀπελύμην]] (in pass. sense), Opp.''C.''3.128:—[[redeem]], v. supr. A.11.<br><span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ἀπολύεσθαι διαβολάς</b> [[do away with]], [[refute]] calumnies [[against one]], Th.8.87, Pl.''Ap.''37b, al.: abs., Arist.''Rh.''1416b9.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τὴν αἰτίαν, τὰς βλασφημίας, τὰ κατηγορημένα</b>, Th.5.75, D. 15.2, 18.4: c. gen., τῶν εἰς Ἀριστόβουλον ἀπολύσασθαι J.''AJ''15.3.5.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[refute]], τοὺς ἐναντίους λόγους Dam.''Pr.''126 ter: abs., ὁ δὲ ἀπολυόμενος ἔφη [[in defence]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.59.<br><span class="bld">III</span> like Act., [[acquit]], τοῦ μὴ κακῶς ἔχειν ἀλλ' ὀρθῶς Pl.''Lg.''637c.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[release from]], τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἀ. δουλείας Id.''Mx.''245a.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> like Pass. (c. ''ΙΙ''), [[depart]], S.''Ant.''1314; also, [[put off]], πνεῦμα ἀ. ''AP''9.276 (Crin.); but πνεῦμα μελῶν ἀπέλυε ''IG''14.607e (Carales).<br><span class="bld">C</span> Pass., to [[be released]], <b class="b3">ἐλπίζων τοὺς υἱέας τῆς στρατηΐης ἀπολελύσθαι</b> [[from]] military service, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.84, cf. [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.2.37; <b class="b3">τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπολυθῆναι βουλόμενοι</b> to [[be freed from]] their rule, Th.2.8; τῶν δεινῶν μηδέποτε οἴεσθαι ἀπολυθήσεσθαι Id.1.70; τῆς ὑποψίας Antipho 2.4.3; <b class="b3">τῆς μιαρίας</b> ib. 3.11: abs., to [[be acquitted]], Th.6.29; to [[be absolved from]], τῶν ἀδικημάτων [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 113d.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of combatants, to [[be separated]], [[part]], οὐ ῥᾳδίως ἀπελύοντο Th.1.49; generally, to [[be separated]] or [[be detached]], [[ἀλλήλων]] or <b class="b3">ἀπ' ἀλλήλων</b>, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1031b3, ''Ph.''185a28; ἀ. τὰ ᾠὰ τῆς ὑστέρας Id.''GA''754b18, al.; [[ἀπολελυμένος]], abs., [[detached]], [[αἰδοῖον]], [[γλῶττα]], [[ὄρχεις]], Id.''HA''500b2, 533a27, 535b2; <b class="b3">τὴν γλῶτταν ἀ.</b> having its [[tongue]] [[detached]], Id.''Fr.''319, al.; also, [[distinct]], [[differentiated]], Id.''HA''497b22.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[depart]], [[ἔθανες]], [[ἀπελύθης]], S.''Ant.''1268 (lyr.), cf. Plb.6.58.4, al., [[LXX]] ''Nu.''20.29, al.; cf. supr. B. IV.<br><span class="bld">III</span> of a child, to [[be brought forth]], Hp.''Superf.''11, cf. 24, Arist.''GA''745b11; of the mother, to [[be delivered]], Hp.''Epid.''2.2.17.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> to [[be annulled]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1156a22.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[ἀπολελυμένος]], [[ἀπολελυμένη]], [[ἀπολελυμένον]] = [[absolute]], especially in Gramm., D.T. 636.15, A.D.''Synt.''97.20, al.: also, [[general]], of meaning, Olymp.Alch. p.72B.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> of metres, [[irregular]], [[without strophic responsion]], Heph.Poëm.5.

|btext=<i>f.</i> ἀπολύσω, <i>ao.</i> ἀπέλυσα, <i>pf.</i> ἀπολέλυκα;<br /><b>I.</b> délier, détacher : ἱμάντα OD une courroie;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>fig.</i> <b>1</b> [[libérer un captif moyennant rançon]];<br /><b>2</b> <i>t. de droit</i> absoudre qqn d'une accusation ; ἀπ. τινὰ μὴ φῶρα [[εἶναι]] HDT acquitter qqn comme n'étant pas un voleur;<br /><b>3</b> [[congédier]], [[renvoyer]];<br /><b>4</b> [[affranchir]], [[libérer]] : τινά τινος qqn d'une charge, d'un souci, <i>etc.</i> ; τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος κοινωνίας PLAT affranchir l'âme de la communauté avec le corps ; <i>Pass.</i> τῆς στρατηΐης ἀπολελύσθαι HDT être affranchi du service militaire ; τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπ. THC être affranchi de l'autorité (de qqn);<br /><i><b>Moy.</b></i> [[ἀπολύομαι]];<br /><b>1</b> <i>tr.</i> écarter de soi : διαβολάς, αἰτίαν des attaques, une accusation ; <i>abs.</i> ὁ δὲ ἀπολυόμενος ἔφη HDT il dit pour sa défense;<br /><b>2</b> <i>intr.</i> [[s'éloigner]], [[quitter la vie]], [[mourir]];<br /><b>[[NT]]</b>: divorcer.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀπό]], [[λύω]].

|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[loose]] from, τί τινος Od.: to [[undo]], Od.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to set [[free]] from, [[release]] or [[relieve]] from, τινὰ τῆς φρουρῆς, τῆς ἐπιμελείας Hdt., Xen.; τι ἀπό τινος Plat.:—Pass. to be set [[free]] from, Thuc.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in [[legal]] [[sense]], ἄπ. τῆς αἰτίης to [[acquit]] of the [[charge]], Hdt., Xen.:—c. inf., ἀπ. τινὰ μὴ φῶρα [[εἶναι]] to [[acquit]] one of [[being]] a [[thief]], Hdt.: then absol. to [[acquit]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to let go [[free]] on [[receipt]] of [[ransom]], [[hold]] to [[ransom]], Il.:—Mid. to [[ransom]], [[redeem]], χρυσοῦ by [[payment]] of [[gold]], Il.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to [[discharge]] or [[disband]] an [[army]], Xen.:—[[generally]], to [[dismiss]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to divorce a [[wife]], NTest.<br />B. Mid. to [[redeem]], v. supr. II.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to do [[away]] with charges [[against]] one, Lat. diluere, Thuc., Plat.:— absol., ἀπολυόμενος in [[defence]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> like Pass. (c. II), to [[depart]], Soph.<br />C. Pass. to be released, let off, τῆς στρατηΐης from [[military]] [[service]], Hdt.; τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπολυθῆναι to be freed from [[their]] [[rule]], Thuc.:—absol. to be acquitted, [[discharged]], Thuc., Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of combatants, to be separated, [[part]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[depart]], Soph.