ὄμμα: Difference between revisions

|Full diacritics=ὄμμα

|Definition=Aeol. [[ὄππα]] Sapph.2.11 : τό :—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[eye]], poet. word, rare in Prose (<span class="bibl">Th.2.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>45c</span>, al., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.26</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mem.</span>1.4.6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sens.</span> 50</span>, al., Polystr.<span class="title">Herc.</span>346p.81V., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>713.9</span> (i A.D.), <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).121.121 (Epid.)) : Hom. and Hes. only use pl., κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας <span class="bibl">Il.3.217</span>; ὕπνον ἐπ' ὄμμασι χεῦε <span class="bibl">Od.5.492</span>, etc. : sg. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>10.63</span> and Trag. (v. infr.) :—Phrases : <b class="b3">ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν τινα</b> look [[straight]] at, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1385</span>; ἀναβλέψαι ὀρθ. ὄμμ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.30</span>; ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀρθῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>528</span>; also <b class="b3">οὐκ οἶδ' ὄμμασιν ποίοις βλέπων πατέρα ποτ' ἂν προσεῖδον</b> how I could have looked him in the face, ib.<span class="bibl">1371</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.121</span>; ὁρᾶν τινα ἐν ὄμμασι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>241</span>; <b class="b3">ποῖον ὄ. πατρὶ δηλώσω</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>462</span>; <b class="b3">τέοισί με χρὴ ὄμμασι . . φαίνεσθαι</b>; <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.37</span>; <b class="b3">λαμπρὸς ὄμματι</b> [[radiant]] in [[look]] or [[expression]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>81</span>; ἄλλοσ' ὄ. θἀτέρᾳ δὲ νοῦν ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>272</span>; <b class="b3">προσέσχον ὄ</b>. turned their [[eye]]s on him, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>931</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς σὸν ἐλθεῖν ὄ</b>. come within [[sight]] of thee, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span> 887</span>; [[κατ' ὄμματα]] = [[before one's eyes]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>760</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' ὄμμα ἐλθεῖν</b> face to face, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1064</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' ὄμμα στῆναι</b> [[in full sight]], [[openly]], ib.<span class="bibl">1117</span>; opp. [[νύκτωρ]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>469</span>; <b class="b3">κρατιστεύων κατ' ὄμμα</b> in [[eye-sight]], of the Sun, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>102</span> (lyr.) (but <b class="b3">λαμπρὰ καὶ κατ' ὄμμα καὶ φύσιν</b> is dub. in <span class="bibl">379</span>); <b class="b3">πρευμενοῦς ἀπ' ὄμματος ἰδέσθαι</b> look kindly on, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>210</span>; πεύθομαι δ' ἀπ' ὀμμάτων νόστον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>988</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">ὡς ἀπ' ὀμμάτων</b> to [[judge]] by the [[eye]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>216</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ὄμμασι</b> before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>604</span>; ἐν τοῖς ὄ. <span class="bibl">Th.2.11</span>; ἐπ' ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Supp.</span>1153</span> (lyr.); so <b class="b3">παρ' ὄμμα, εἰ δ' ἦν παρ' ὄμμα θάνατος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">484</span>; <b class="b3">ἐξ ὀμμάτων</b> out of [[sight]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>743</span>; ἄπειμ' ἐξ ὀ. <span class="bibl">Phryn.Trag.21</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸ ὀμμάτων τίθεσθαι, ποιεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1455a23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1386a34</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸ ὀ. θέσις</b> Polystr.l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ὄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>533d</span>, <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Protr.</span> 21</span>.<b class="b3">κδ'</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> the [[eye]] of [[heaven]], i.e. the [[sun]], ὄ. αἰθέρος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>285</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>194</span> (anap.); but <b class="b3">ὄ. νυκτός</b> is a periphrasis for [[night]] (v. infr. v), <b class="b3">ἕως . . νυκτὸς ὄμμ' ἀφείλετο</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τὴν μάχην</b>) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>428</span>; <b class="b3">ὅταν δὲ νυκτὸς ὄ. λυγαίας μόλῃ</b> the [[dark]] [[night]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>110</span>; νυκτὸς ὄ. τῆς μελαμπέπλου <span class="bibl">Alex.89</span>; cf. [[ὀφθαλμός]] ''III'', [[βλέφαρον]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> generally, [[light]]: hence, metaph., [[that which brings light]], <b class="b3">ὄμμα ξείνοισι</b> a [[light]] to [[stranger]]s, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.56</span>; ὄ. δόμων νομίζω δεσπότου παρουσίαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 169</span>; ἄελπτον ὄμμ' ἐμοὶ φήμης ἀνασχὸν τῆσδε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>203</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., anything [[dear]] or [[precious]], as the [[apple]] of an [[eye]], ὄ. γὰρ πάσης χθονὸς . . ἐξίκοιτ' ἄν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>1025</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[face]] or [[human]] [[form]], ὦ δυσθέατον ὄ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1004</span>; ἐμπαίει τί μοι ψυχῇ ξύνηθες ὄ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>903</span>; τὸ ἐρωτικὸν ὄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>253e</span> : as [[periphrasis]] of the person, <b class="b3">ὄ. πελείας</b>, = [[πελεία]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 140</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">ὄ. νύμφας</b>, = [[νύμφα]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>527</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ξύναιμον ὄ</b>., = [[ξυναίμων]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>977</span>; <b class="b3">ὦ ταυρόμορφον ὄ. Κηφισοῦ</b>, = [[ὦ ταυρόμορφε Κηφισέ]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1261</span>; v. supr. ''ΙΙ'' and cf. [[ὄνομα]] IV. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">ὄ. τυκτόν</b> [[eyehole]] in a [[helmet]], <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>22.62</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0332.png Seite 332]] τό (ὀπτω, vgl. [[ὀφθαλμός]]), das [[Auge]]; ὑπαὶ δὲ ἴδεσκε, κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας, Il. 3, 217; ὄμματα θέλγειν, in Schlaf bringen, bezaubern, Od. 5, 47; [[ὕπνον]] ἐπ' ὄμμασι χεῦε, ib. 492; ὄμματα καὶ κεφαλὴν [[ἴκελος]] Διΐ, an Augen u. Kopf, Il. 2, 478; πάντ' αὐτῷ μέγεθός τε καὶ ὄμματα κάλ' εἰκυῖα, 23, 66, u. öfter in solchen Vrbdgn, denn die Augen sind der ausdrucksvollste Theil des Gesichts; auch wohl übh. für [[Antlitz]], Gesicht; bei Hom. u. Hes. stets im plur.; ὀξύτατον [[ὄμμα]], Pind. N. 10, 63; ὄμματι [[δέρκομαι]], 7, 66; ἐν ὄμμασι θέσθαι πίστιν, 8, 43, vor Augen stellen; ὁρᾷς [[θέαμα]] δυσθέατον ὄμμασιν, Aesch. Prom. 69; γοργὸν δ' [[ὄμμα]] ἔχων, Spt. 519; μαλθακὸν ὀμμάτων [[βέλος]], Ag. 722, öfter; auch als schmeichelnde Anrede, ὦ τερπνὸν [[ὄμμα]], Ch. 236 (wohin auch ἰδὼν τὸ ἐρωτικὸν [[ὄμμα]] Plat. Phaedr. 253 e zu rechnen); u. geradezu Umschreibung der Person, πατρῴων ὀμμάτων ἐπισκόπους, 124; ch φίλτατ' [[Αἴας]], ὦ ξύναιμον ὄμμ' [[ἐμοί]], Soph. Ai. 955; Eur. Ion 1261. Auch das Köstlichste bezeichnend, [[ὄμμα]] γὰρ πάσης χθονὸς Θησῇδος ἐξίκοιτ' ἄν, Aesch. Eum. 979; er sagt auch übertr. [[ὄμμα]] γὰρ δόμων [[νομίζω]] δεσπότου παρουσίαν, Pers. 165, u. so oft bei Folgdn. – In Prosa überall, τῶν ὀμμάτων στερηθείς, Plat. Phaedr. 243 a; ἀλγεῖν τὰ ὄμματα u. ä. – Κελαινῆς νυκτὸς [[ὄμμα]], der Mond, Aesch. Pers. 420, vgl. ἀστ ερωπὸν [[ὄμμα]] Λητῴας κόρης, frg. 159; [[ὄμμα]] ἀκάματον αἰθέρος, Ar. Nubb. 286; auch λύχνου, Lys. 1. – Selten auch = der [[Anblick]], das Gesehene, ὦ δυσθέατον [[ὄμμα]], Soph. Ai. 983; μή του κηδομένου βροτῶν μηδὲ σύντροφον ὄμμ' ἔχων, Phil. 171; ὡς [[εἶδον]] ἐμπαίει τί μοι ψυχῇ σύνηθες [[ὄμμα]], El. 891, wo Nichts zu ändern ist; vgl. Trach. 202; [[ὄμμα]] δὸς φίλημά τε, Eur. I. A. 1238. – Übertr., das Licht Bringende, Freude u. Trost Gewährende, ὡς ἄελπτον ὄμμ' ἐμοὶ φήμης ἀνασχόν, Soph. Trach. 202, das Aufleuchten einer solchen frohen Botschaft. – Sp. auch von Augen der Pflanzen, Phot. u. Schol. Ar. Equ. 552.

|btext=ὄμματος (τό) :<br /><b>1</b> œil, regard : κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας IL ayant fixé ses yeux à terre ; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶν τινα SOPH regarder qqn droit, <i>càd</i> avec assurance ; πρὸ ὀμμάτων ποιεῖν ARSTT mettre devant les yeux ; <i>p. anal.</i> νυκτὸς [[ὄμμα]] ESCHL l'œil de la nuit, la lune ; <i>fig.</i> les yeux de l'âme ; <i>p. anal.</i> l'objet précieux, <i>en parl. de <i>pers.</i> (les yeux étant considérés comme la partie la plus précieuse du corps) ; périphr.</i> [[ὄμμα]] νύμφας <i>p.</i> [[νύμφα]] SOPH, [[ὄμμα]] πελείας <i>p.</i> πελεία SOPH;<br /><b>2</b> ce qu’on voit, vue, spectacle, image, vision.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ὀπ, voir ; cf. ἔψομαι, [[ὤψ]], <i>lat.</i> oc-ulus.

|elrutext='''ὄμμα:''' ατος τό<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[око]], [[глаз]]: κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας Hom. опустив глаза в землю, потупив взор; πρὸ ὀμμάτων τίθεσθαι или ποιεῖν Arst. поставить перед глазами, т. е. наглядно представить (себе); ποῖον ὄ. δηλώσω πατρί; Soph. с какими глазами покажусь я отцу?; ὄ. αἰθέρος Arph. небесное око, т. е. солнце; νυκτὸς ὄ. Eur. око ночи, т. е. луна, но тж. Aesch. лик ночи, т. е. ночная тьма;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[взор]], [[взгляд]]: ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀρθῶν Soph. с открытым взором, т. е. не смущаясь; τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ὄ. Plat. духовный взор; ὄ. [[δός]] Soph. взгляни на меня;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> перен. [[свет]], [[сияние]], [[блеск]], [[украшение]]: ὄ. δόμων δεσπότου [[παρουσία]] Aesch. краса дома - присутствие хозяина; ὄ. χθονὸς Θησῇδος Aesch. цвет Тесеевой земли;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> (в описаниях) милый, дорогой, прекрасный: ξύναιμον ὄ. Soph. милый брат; ὄ. Κηφίσου Eur. почтенный Кефис;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> [[вид]], [[зрелище]] (δυσθέατον ὄ. Soph.): κατ᾽ ὄ. [[στῆναι]] Eur. быть у всех на виду.

|etymtx=-ατος<br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[eye]]; also [[look]], [[sight]], [[face]], metaph [[sun]], [[light]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in <b class="b3">ὀμματο-στερής</b> [[bereaving one of ones eyes]], [[blinding]] (A. in lyr.), [[bereaved of ones eyes]], [[blind]] (S., E. in lyr.); often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μελαν-όμματος</b> [[with black eyes]] (Pl., Arist.; cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 17 f.).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[ὀμμάτιον]] n. (Arist., AP; = NGr. [[μάτι]]); further [[ὀμμάτειος]] [[belonging to the eyes]] (S. Fr. 801), [[ὀμματόω]] [[to provide eyes]], [[to illuminate]] (A., D.S.), <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b> ὄμμα [[to bereave someone of his eyes]] (E. Fr. 541), [[to open someones eyes]], [[to illuminate]] (A., S., Ph. u.a.), <b class="b3">ἐν-</b> ὄμμα [[to provide eyes]] (Ph.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [775]<b class="b2">*h₃ekʷ-</b> [[see]]<br />Etymology: Beside the usual [[ὄμμα]] stands the rare [[ὄππατα]] (Sapph.) and [[ὄθματα]] (Call., Nic., Hymn. Is.), which like [[ὄμμα]] may have arisen first from <b class="b3">*ὄπμα</b> by progressive assimilation resp. through differenciation (Schwyzer 317 w. lit.); diff. on [[ὄππατα]] WP. 1, 170; s. also Fraenkel Phil. 96, 164 ([[ππ]] affective consonantsharpening for <b class="b3">*ὄπατα</b> with Specht KZ 62, 214); <b class="b3">῎ὄθματα</b> rather artificial reshaping with <b class="b3">-θμα</b> (Chantraine, Form. 175, R, Schmitt, Nominalbildung des Kallimachos 102. -- If a verbal noun in <b class="b3">-μα</b> from <b class="b3">ὀπ-</b> [[see]] (<b class="b3">ὄπ-ωπα</b>, [[ὄψομαι]]), [[ὄμμα]] must orig. have meant [[seeing]], [[glance]] (cf. Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 66 w. lit.); but the word can also be an enlargement of the root noun in [[ὄσσε]] (Schwyzer 524, Porzig Satzinhalte 266). -- Cf. [[ὄπωπα]] and [[ὄσσε]] (not [[ὀφθαλμός]]).

|ftr='''ὄμμα''': -ατος<br />{ómma}<br />'''Grammar''': n.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Auge]]; auch [[Blick]], [[Anblick]], [[Angesicht]], übertr. [[Sonne]], [[Licht]] (vorw. poet. seit Il.);<br />'''Composita''' : als Vorderglied u.a. in [[ὀμματοστερής]] [[der Augen beraubend]], [[blendend]] (A. in lyr.), [[der Augen beraubt]], [[blind]] (S., E. in lyr.); oft als Hinterglied, z.B. [[μελανόμματος]] [[mit schwarzen Augen]] (Pl., Arist.; vgl. Sommer Nominalkomp. 17 f.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon das Demin. [[ὀμμάτιον]] n. (Arist., ''AP''; = ngr. μάτι); ferner [[ὀμμάτειος]] [[zu den Augen gehörig]] (S. ''Fr''. 801), [[ὀμματόω]] ‘mit Augen ver- sehen, aufklären’ (A., D.S. u.a.), ἐξ- ~ ‘jmdn. der Augen berauben’ (E. ''Fr''. 541), ‘jmdm. die Augen öffnen, klarmachen’ (A., S., Ph. u.a.), ἐν- ~ [[mit Augen versehen]] (Ph.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Neben dem geläufigen [[ὄμμα]] stehen die seltenen ὄππατα (Sapph.) und ὄθματα (Kall., Nik., ''Hymn''. ''Is''.), die ebenso wie [[ὄμμα]] zunächst aus *ὄπμα u. zw. durch progressive Assimilation bzw. durch Differenziation entstanden sein dürfte (Schwyzer 317 m. Lit.); anders über ὄππατα WP. 1, 170; s. auch Fraenkel Phil. 96, 164 (ππ affektische Konsonantenschärfung für *ὄπατα mit Specht KZ 62, 214). — Wenn Verbalnomen auf -μα von ὀπ- [[sehen]] ([[ὄπωπα]], [[ὄψομαι]]), muss [[ὄμμα]] urspr. das Sehen, den Blick bezeichnet haben (vgl. Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 66 m. Lit.); das Wort kann aber auch eine Erweiterung des in [[ὄσσε]] vorliegenden Wz.nomens sein (Schwyzer 524, Porzig Satzinhalte 266). — Vgl. [[ὄπωπα]] und [[ὄσσε]], auch [[ὀφθαλμός]].<br />'''Page''' 2,387-388

|mantxt=(=μάτι). Ἀπό ρίζα οπ- τοῦ [[ὄπωπα]] (ὄπμα=[[ὄμμα]]) τοῦ [[ὁράω]] -ῶ, ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.