κείρω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> fut. κερῶ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 471a, Ion. [[κερέω]] Il.23.146: aor. ἔκειρα Pi. ''P.''9.37, E.''Tr.''1173, etc., Ep. [[ἔκερσα]] Il.13.546 ([[ἀποκείρω]], in tmesi), A. ''Supp.''666 (lyr.): pf. κέκαρκα ''Sammelb.''6002 (ii B.C.), ([[περικείρω]]) Luc. ''Symp.''32:—Med., fut. κεροῦμαι E. ''Tr.''1183, ([[ἀποκείρω]]) [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 89b: aor. ἐκειράμἡν Lys.2.60, etc., Ep. [[ἐκερσάμην]] Call.''Fr.''311, A.''Pers.''953 (lyr.): —Pass., aor. 1 part. [[κερθείς]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[καρθείς]]) Pi.''P.''4.82: aor. 2 ἐκάρην [ᾰ] ''PSI''4.368.45 (iii B.C.), subj. κᾰρῇ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.127, inf. [[καρῆναι]], part. [[καρείς]], Luc.''Sol.''6, Plu.''Lys.''1: pf. inf. κεκάρθαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.36: Att. plpf. ἐκεκάρμην Luc.''Lex.''5. (Cf. Skt. kṛṇā́ti '[[wound]]', Lat. [[caro]]: prob. also OE. scieran, Eng. [[shear]]):—[[cut short]], [[shear]], [[clip]], especially of [[hair]], σοί τε κόμην κερέειν (''[[sc.]]'' [[Σπερχειῷ]]) Il.23.146, cf. Paus.1.37.3; κ. ἐν χροῒ [τὰς τρίχας] [[crop]] it close, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.175; ἀλόχων κείραντες ἔθειραν E.''Hel.''1124 (lyr.): —more freq. in Med., [[cut off one's hair]] or [[have one's hair cut off]], as a [[sign]] of [[mourn]]ing (cf. [[κουρά]]), τοῦτο… [[γέρας]] οἶον ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι, κείρασθαί τε κόμην βαλέειν τ' ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Od.4.198, cf. 24.46, Il.23.46; πολύν σοι βοστρύχων πλόκαμον κεροῦμαι E.''Tr.''1183; κείρομαι κόμαν Id.''Ph.'' 322 (lyr.): abs., [[cut off one's hair]], κείρασθε, συμπενθήσατ' Id.''HF''1390; ἐφ' οἷς ἡ πόλις ἐπένθησε καὶ ἐκείρατο Aeschin.3.211, etc.; ἄξιον ἦν ἐπὶ τῷδε τῷ τάφῳ κείρασθαι τῇ Ἑλλάδι Lys. [[l.c.]]: Com., [[πρὸς φθεῖρα κείρασθαι]] = to [[have oneself close shorn]], Eub.32:—Pass., κουρᾷ… πενθίμῳ κεκαρμένος E.''Or.''458; σύμβολον κ. [[half]]-[[crop]]ped, Hermipp.14; τὰ ῥόδα κ. Pherecr.108.29; also, of the hair, to [[be cut off]], πλόκαμοι κερθέντες Pi.''P.''4.82; βοστρύχους κεκαρμένους E.''El.''515.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[crop]] a person, σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἵππους, in [[sign]] of [[mourn]]ing, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.24; [[κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλάς]] to [[have]] their heads shorn, Id.2.36; Θρᾳκιστὶ κέκαρμαι Theoc.14.46; v. [[χρώς]] 1.2, [[ἐγκυτί]]; [[shear]] [[sheep]], μάχαιραι κουρίδες, αἷς κείρομεν τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς ποιμένας Cratin.37; κείρεσθαί ([[tonderi]]) μου τὰ πρόβατα, ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀποξύρεσθαι ([[deglubi]]) [[βούλομαι]] Tiber. ap. D.C. 57.10 (cf. infr. 3); τὸ μὲν [καρῆναι] ἐπὶ προβάτων τιθέασι καὶ ἐπὶ ἀτίμου κουρᾶς (cf. Luc.''Sol.''6), κείρασθαι δὲ ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων Phryn.292; but τῶν Ἀργείων ἐπὶ πένθει καρέντων Plu.l.c.; τῷ σε χρὴ δρεπάνοισι καὶ οὐ ψαλίδεσσι καρῆναι ''AP''11.368 (Jul. Antec.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., '[[fleece]]', [[plunder]], τὴν μάμμην Herod.3.39.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[cut down]], δοῦρ' ἐλάτης κέρσαντες Il. 24.450; ὕλην S.''Tr.''1196; [[crop close]], opp. [[ἐπιτέμνειν]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[De Causis Plantarum|CP]]'' 3.23.3; [[pluck]], ἄνθη Philostr. ''VA''1.5: metaph., ἐκ λεχέων κ. μελιαδέα ποίαν Pi.''P.''9.37; Ἄρης κέρσειεν ἄωτον A.''Supp.''666 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ravage]] a [[country]], esp. by cutting down crops and fruit-trees, τὸ πεδίον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.63; τέμενος Id.6.75, cf. ''OGI''765.10 (Priene); τὴν γῆν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.99, Th. 1.64; χώραν Aen.Tact.15.9; [[destroy]], πόλιν Call.''Fr.''1.60 P.; also, [[clear]], of pioneers, ὄρος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.131:—Pass., of a country, to [[be ravaged]], [[καρῆναι]] Id.4.127, cf. 8.65; κεκαρμένα κτήματα ''SIG''364.67 (Ephesus, iii B.C.):—Med., [[χθὼν πεύκας κειραμένη]] = [[having its pine-trees cut down]], AP9.106 (Leon.); ἄρουραι λήϊα κειράμεναι Ps.-Phoc.166: metaph., [[Σπάρτη]]… ἐκείρατο δόξαν = had her [[glory]] shorn off, Epigr. ap. Paus. 9.15.6; [[Ἄρης]] νυχίαν πλάκα κερσάμενος = having had the plain swept [[clean]] (by [[destroy]]ing the men), A.''Pers.''953 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον]] = [[slaughter]]ed many a [[horn]]ed [[beast]] by [[hew]]ing, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''55.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[hew]], [[carve]], ἐπίβασιν ''Inscr.Cypr.''99 H.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[cut through transversely]], opp. [[σχίζειν]] ([[slit]] [[longitudinal]]ly), [[φλέβα]] Antyll. ap. Orib.7.11.3.<br><span class="bld">III</span> generally, [[destroy]], [[consume]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[tear]], [[eat greedily]], of beasts, κείρει τ' εἰσελθὼν βαθὺ λήϊον [ὄνος] Il.11.560; of fish, δημὸν… [[ἐπινεφρίδιον]] κείροντες 21.204; of [[vulture]]s, [[ἧπαρ]] ἔκειρον Od.11.578, cf. Luc.''DDeor.'' 1.1, ''DMort.''30.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[waste]], [[devour]], ἐκείρετε πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὰ κτήματ' ἐμά Od.2.312; ἔκειρον κτήματ' ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ 22.369, etc.: abs., [[κείρετε]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[βίοτος|βίοτον]]) 1.378.

|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to cut the [[hair]] [[short]], [[shear]], [[clip]], Il., Hdt., Eur.:— Mid. to cut off one's [[hair]] or [[have]] it cut off, as in [[deep]] [[mourning]], Hom., Eur., etc.:—Pass., βοστρύχους κεκαρμένος having one's locks cut off, Eur.; [[κεκάρθαι]] τὰς κεφαλάς to [[have]] [[their]] heads [[shorn]], in [[sign]] of [[mourning]], Hdt.: of the [[hair]], to be cut off, Pind.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to cut or hew out, Il.; ὕλην Soph.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to [[ravage]] a [[country]], by [[cutting]] down the crops and [[fruit]]-trees, Hdt., Thuc.:—Pass., of a [[country]], to be [[ravaged]], Thuc.:—Mid., [[Ἄρης]] πλάκα κερσάμενος having had the [[plain]] swept [[clean]] (by [[destroying]] the men), Aesch.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> [[generally]], to [[destroy]], and so,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> to [[tear]], eat [[greedily]], Lat. depasci, of beasts, Hom.; ἔκειρε πολύκερων φόνον, i. e. he slaughtered [[many]] a [[horned]] [[beast]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of the suitors, to [[consume]], [[waste]] one's [[substance]], Od.