ἀρετή: Difference between revisions

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{{LSJ1
{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=ἀρετή
|Full diacritics=ᾰ̓ρετή
|Medium diacritics=ἀρετή
|Medium diacritics=ἀρετή
|Low diacritics=αρετή
|Low diacritics=αρετή
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|Transliteration C=areti
|Transliteration C=areti
|Beta Code=a)reth/
|Beta Code=a)reth/
|Definition=[ᾰ], ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[goodness]], [[excellence]], of any kind, in Hom. especially of [[manly]] qualities, ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνων Il.20.411; ἀμείνων παντοίας ἀρετὰς ἠμὲν πόδας ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι καὶ νόον 15.642; so of the gods, τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τε 9.498; also of women, Od.2.206; <b class="b3">ἀ. εἵνεκα</b> for [[valour]], Hdt.8.92: pl., <b class="b3">ἀ. ἀπεδείκνυντο</b> displayed [[brave]] [[deed]]s, Id.1.176, 9.40.<br><span class="bld">b</span> later, of the gods, chiefly in plural, [[glorious]] [[deed]]s, [[wonder]]s, [[miracle]]s, ''SIG''1172, Str.17.1.17; ζῶσαι ἀ. ''IG''14.966, cf. ''1 Ep.Pet.''2.9: also in sg., ὄψιν ἰδοῦσα ἀρετὴν τῆς θεοῦ ''IG''2.1426b, cf. Isyll. 62, ''BSA''21.169,180.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[excellence]], ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τις Arist. ''Metaph.''1021b20, cf.''EN''1106a15, etc.; of persons, ἄνδρα πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα Pi.''O.''7.89, cf. ''P.''4.187, B.9.13, etc.; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀ. μεγίστη Heraclit. 112: in plural, [[forms of excellence]], μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἀ. B.13.8, cf. Gorg. ''Fr.''8, etc.; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀ. Pl.''Ap.''18a; esp. [[moral virtue]], Democr. 179, 263, al., Gorg.''Fr.''6; opp. [[κακία]], X.''Mem.''2.1.21, cf.Pl.''R.''500d, ''Lg.'' 963a, 963c sq., D.60.17, Arist.''EN''1102a6, ''Pol.''1295a37, etc.; [[good nature]], [[kindness]], etc., E.''Fr.''163.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of animals, things, as land, Hdt.4.198, 7.5, Th.1.2; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη γῆ</b> [[productive]] [[land]], ''PTeb.''5.165 (ii B. C.); ἵππου Hdt.3.88; κυνῶν, ἵππων, Pl.''R.''335b; [[σκεύος|σκεύους]] ib.601d; (ἀστακοῦ) Archestr.''Fr.''24; ἀ. βίου Pl.''R.''618c; πολιτείας ''Lg.''886b, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[prosperity]], Od.13.45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ἀρετὴ εἴς τινα</b> [[active merit]], [[good service]] done him, ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας Th.3.58, cf. 2.40; ἀ. περί τινα X. ''An.''1.4.8; ἀνταποδοῦναι ἀ. Th.4.19; ἀρετὰς παρασχέσθαι ὑπέρ τινος D.19.312; <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα</b>, freq. in honorary Inscrr., ''IG''22.107.14, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[reward]] of [[excellence]], [[distinction]], [[fame]], πλούτῳ δ' ἀρετὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ Hes.''Op.''313, cf. Sapph.80, Pi.''N.''5.53, al.; [[ἀθάνατος]] ἀρετή S.''Ph.''1420, Pl.''Smp.''208d; ἃ ἆθλα τοῦ πολέμου τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐστίν, ἐλευθερία καὶ ἀ. Lycurg.49; of God, [[δόξα]] καὶ ἀρετή ''2 Ep.Pet.''1.3: in plural, [[glory|glories]], Thgn.30, Pi.''N.''10.2, al.; [[πλοῦτος]] ἀρεταῖς δεδαιδαλμένος Id.''O.'' 2.53; γενναίων δ' ἀρεταὶ πόνων E.''HF''357 (lyr.), cf. Lys.2.26; προγόνων ἀρετή Pl.''R.''618b; in [[LXX]] freq. of the [[praise]]s of God, Is.42.8, al.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[Ἀρετή]] personified, Prodic.1, Arist.''Fr.''675, Callix.2, ''CIG''2786, ''SIG'' 985.10, etc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ἀρετή σου</b> as a title, [[Your worship]], PLips.13 ii 20, etc.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> an [[engine of war]], Ath.Mech.38.11.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> a [[plaster]], Androm. ap. Gal.13.531.
|Definition=[ᾰ], ἀρετῆς, ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[goodness]], [[excellence]], of any kind, in Hom. especially of [[manly]] qualities, ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνων Il.20.411; ἀμείνων παντοίας ἀρετὰς ἠμὲν πόδας ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι καὶ νόον 15.642; so of the gods, τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τε 9.498; also of women, Od.2.206; <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς εἵνεκα</b> for [[valour]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.92: pl., <b class="b3">ἀ. ἀπεδείκνυντο</b> displayed [[brave]] [[deed]]s, Id.1.176, 9.40.<br><span class="bld">b</span> later, of the gods, chiefly in plural, [[glorious]] [[deed]]s, [[wonder]]s, [[miracle]]s, ''SIG''1172, Str.17.1.17; ζῶσαι ἀ. ''IG''14.966, cf. ''1 Ep.Pet.''2.9: also in sg., ὄψιν ἰδοῦσα ἀρετὴν τῆς θεοῦ ''IG''2.1426b, cf. Isyll. 62, ''BSA''21.169,180.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[excellence]], ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τις [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1021b20, cf.''EN''1106a15, etc.; of persons, ἄνδρα πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα Pi.''O.''7.89, cf. ''P.''4.187, B.9.13, etc.; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀ. μεγίστη Heraclit. 112: in plural, [[forms of excellence]], μυρίαι ἀνδρῶν ἀ. B.13.8, cf. Gorg. ''Fr.''8, etc.; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀ. Pl.''Ap.''18a; esp. [[moral virtue]], Democr. 179, 263, al., Gorg.''Fr.''6; opp. [[κακία]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.21, cf.Pl.''R.''500d, ''Lg.'' 963a, 963c sq., D.60.17, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1102a6, ''Pol.''1295a37, etc.; [[good nature]], [[kindness]], etc., E.''Fr.''163.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of animals, things, as land, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.198, 7.5, Th.1.2; <b class="b3">ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη γῆ</b> [[productive]] [[land]], ''PTeb.''5.165 (ii B. C.); ἵππου [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.88; κυνῶν, ἵππων, Pl.''R.''335b; [[σκεύος|σκεύους]] ib.601d; ([[ἀστακοῦ]]) Archestr.''Fr.''24; ἀ. βίου Pl.''R.''618c; πολιτείας ''Lg.''886b, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[prosperity]], Od.13.45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ἀρετὴ εἴς τινα</b> [[active merit]], [[good service]] done him, ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας Th.3.58, cf. 2.40; ἀ. περί τινα X. ''An.''1.4.8; ἀνταποδοῦναι ἀ. Th.4.19; ἀρετὰς παρασχέσθαι ὑπέρ τινος D.19.312; <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς ἕνεκα</b>, freq. in honorary Inscrr., ''IG''22.107.14, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[reward]] of [[excellence]], [[distinction]], [[fame]], πλούτῳ δ' ἀρετὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ Hes.''Op.''313, cf. Sapph.80, Pi.''N.''5.53, al.; [[ἀθάνατος]] ἀρετή S.''Ph.''1420, Pl.''Smp.''208d; ἃ ἆθλα τοῦ πολέμου τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐστίν, ἐλευθερία καὶ ἀ. Lycurg.49; of God, [[δόξα]] καὶ ἀρετή ''2 Ep.Pet.''1.3: in plural, [[glory|glories]], Thgn.30, Pi.''N.''10.2, al.; [[πλοῦτος]] ἀρεταῖς δεδαιδαλμένος Id.''O.'' 2.53; γενναίων δ' ἀρεταὶ πόνων E.''HF''357 (lyr.), cf. Lys.2.26; προγόνων ἀρετή Pl.''R.''618b; in [[LXX]] freq. of the [[praise]]s of God, Is.42.8, al.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[Ἀρετή]] personified, Prodic.1, Arist.''Fr.''675, Callix.2, ''CIG''2786, ''SIG'' 985.10, etc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ἀρετή σου</b> as a title, [[Your worship]], PLips.13 ii 20, etc.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> an [[engine of war]], Ath.Mech.38.11.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> a [[plaster]], Androm. ap. Gal.13.531.
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{{DGE
{{DGE
|dgtxt=-ῆς, ἡ<br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> dór. [[ἀρετά]] Pi.<i>O</i>.7.89, B.10.13, E.<i>Or</i>.807, <i>AP</i> 7.145 (Asclep.); lesb. [[ἀρέτα]] Sapph.148<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>gener. [[excelencia]], [[mérito]] de los dioses τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τε <i>Il</i>.9.498<br /><b class="num">•</b>de pers. de Penélope [[εἵνεκα]] τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐριδαίνομεν <i>Od</i>.2.206, τῆς δ' ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ ... ἔθηκαν Hes.<i>Op</i>.289, πλούτῳ δ' ἀ. καὶ [[κῦδος]] ὀπηδεῖ Hes.<i>Op</i>.313, ἀγῶνα νέμειν ἀνδρῶν τ' ἀρετᾶς πέρι Pi.<i>O</i>.3.37, φάρμακον κάλλιστον ἑᾶς ἀρετᾶς ... εὑρέσθαι Pi.<i>P</i>.4.187, ἀνδρῶν δ' ἀρετὰν σύμφυτον οὐ κατελέγχει Pi.<i>I</i>.3.13, [[ἄγει]] τ' ἀρετὰν οὐκ αἴσχιον φυᾶς Pi.<i>I</i>.7.22, παντὶ δ' ἐπὶ φθόνος ἀνδρὶ κεῖται ἀρετᾶς Pi.<i>Fr</i>.94a.9, τεὰν ἀρετὰν μανῦον ἐπιχθονίοισιν B.l.c., ὁ πλοῦτος [[ἄνευ]] ἀρέτας οὐκ ἀσίνης πάροικος Sapph.l.c., [[ἀθάνατος]] ἀ. S.<i>Ph</i>.1420, cf. E.l.c., [[ἀθάνατος]] μνήμη ἀρετῆς Pl.<i>Smp</i>.208d, ἀπ' ἀρετῆς προτιμᾶται accede a los honores por mérito</i> Th.2.37, τὰ χρήματ' ἔλαβεν οὐ κατὰ γένος ἀλλὰ δι' ἀρετήν Isoc.19.45, οἱ μεγίστας ἐπ' ἀρετῇ δόξας ἔχοντες Isoc.3.50, μνημεῖα τῆς αὐτῶν ἀρετῆς Is.5.41, [[ἐλευθερία]] καὶ ἀ. Lycurg.49, de Dios [[δόξα]] καὶ ἀ. 2<i>Ep.Petr</i>.1.3, ἐκάλυψεν οὐρανοῦς ἡ ἀ. αὐτοῦ [[LXX]] <i>Hb</i>.3.3, αὐτὸς λήμψεται ἀρετήν [[LXX]] <i>Za</i>.6.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>como trat. en pap. ἡ σὴ ἀ. su Excelencia</i>, <i>PCair.Isidor</i>.67.5 (III d.C.), 73.16 (IV d.C.), <i>POxy</i>.2718.10 (V d.C.), 2732.14 (VI d.C.), <i>CPR</i> 9.26.5, 6 (VI d.C.), ἡ ἀ. σου <i>PLips</i>.40.2.20 (IV/V d.C.), ἡ ὑμῶν ἀ. vuestra Excelencia</i>, <i>PMich</i>.612.10 (VI d.C.), ἵνα ... ἀπηντήσω πρὸς τὴν ἀρετὴν τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ λαμπροτάτου ἐπάρχου para que vaya al encuentro de su Excelencia, mi señor, el muy ilustre prefecto</i>, <i>POxy</i>.3398.15 (IV d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>de anim. [[excelencia]], [[calidad]] ἀρετῇ τῶν (εἰρίων) ἀπὸ τῶν ὀίων Hdt.3.106, τοῦ ἵππου Hdt.3.88, τῶν κυνῶν ... ἢ ... τῶν ἵππων Pl.<i>R</i>.335b, σκεύους Pl.<i>R</i>.601d, (ἀστακοῦ) Archestr.<i>SHell</i>.155.4, τῶν αἰγῶν Str.9.5.16<br /><b class="num">•</b>de la tierra [[productividad]] οὐδ' ἀρετὴν εἶναί τις ἡ [[Λιβύη]] σπουδαίη Hdt.4.198, χώρη ... ἀρετήν τε ἄκρη Hdt.7.5, γῆς Th.1.2, ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη ... γῆ <i>PTeb</i>.5.165 (II a.C.), χώρας D.C.<i>Epit</i>.8.8.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>de partes del cuerpo ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνων mostrando la fuerza de sus pies</i>, <i>Il</i>.20.411, ἡ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ ἀ. Arist.<i>EN</i> 1106<sup>a</sup>17.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de virtudes específicas [[excelencia]] demostrada en el combate, [[valor guerrero]] ἠγαγόμην δὲ γυναῖκα ... εἵνεκ' ... ἀρετῆς, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [[ἀποφώλιος]] ἦα οὐδὲ φυγοπτόλεμος <i>Od</i>.14.212, ἥδ' [[ἀρετή]] esta es la verdadera excelencia</i> Tyrt.8.13, ἀρετῆς [[εἵνεκα]] Hdt.8.92, ἀρετὰς ἀπεδείκνυντο Hdt.1.176, 9.40, ἐκείνων (los muertos en Maratón) δὲ διαπρεπῆ τὴν ἀρετὴν κρίναντες Th.2.34, τὴν γὰρ χώραν ... ἐλευθέραν δι' ἀρετὴν παρέδοσαν Th.2.36, ἀ. προγόνων Isoc.4.73<br /><b class="num">•</b>de las diferentes [[virtudes]] o [[cualidades]] ὕπατος ἀμφὶ τοκεῦσιν [[ἔμμεν]] πρὸς ἀρετάν que fue entre los hijos el más alto ejemplo de amor filial</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.6.42, σωφρονεῖν ἀ. μεγίστη Heraclit.B 112, δικαστοῦ ... αὕτη ἀ. Pl.<i>Ap</i>.18a, ἀ. βίου Pl.<i>R</i>.618c, δημοτικὴ ἀ. Pl.<i>R</i>.500d, ἀρετὴ πολιτείας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.886b, πολιτικὴ ἀρετή Pl.<i>Prt</i>.322e<br /><b class="num">•</b>en plu. [[virtudes]] de Hierón de Siracusa δρέπων μὲν κορυφὰς ἀρεταν ἄπο πασᾶν Pi.<i>O</i>.1.13, ἀκίνδυνοι δ' ἀρεταὶ οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις τίμιαι Pi.<i>O</i>.6.9, ἐκ θεῶν γὰρ μαχαναὶ πᾶσαι βροτέαις ἀρεταῖς Pi.<i>P</i>.1.41, γενναίων δ' ἀρεταὶ πόνων E.<i>HF</i> 357, [[ἀμείνων]] παντοίας ἀρετάς superior en todas las cualidades</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.642, πλοῦτόν τε καὶ χάριν ἄγων γνησίαις ἐπ' ἀρεταῖς Pi.<i>O</i>.2.11, [[Ἄργος]] ... φλέγεται δ' ἀρεταῖς μυρίαις Pi.<i>N</i>.10.2, μυρίαι δ' ἀνδρῶν ἀρεταί B.14.8, διττῶν δὲ ἀρετῶν δεῖται, τόλμης καὶ σοφίας Gorg.B 8, ἐπὶ γένεσιν καὶ προγόνων ἀρεταῖς Pl.<i>R</i>.618b, ἀρεταὶ διανοητικαί cualidades noéticas</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1103<sup>a</sup>4, ἀρεταὶ ἠθικαί cualidades del carácter</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1103<sup>a</sup>5, ἐξ ἧς (φρόνησις) αἱ λοιπαὶ πᾶσαι πεφύκασιν ἀρεταί Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[4] 132, ἀρετὰς δὲ τὰς γενικωτάτας τρεῖς φυσικὴν ἠθικὴν λογικήν Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.15<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. subjet. ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ... τὴν δόξαν μου ἑτέρῳ οὐ δώσω οὐδὲ τὰς ἀρετὰς μου τοῖς γλυπτοῖς [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.42.8, c. gen. obj. ὃν (λαόν) περιεποιησάμην τὰς ἀρετάς μου διηγεῖσθαι [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.43.21, ἐμνήσθην τὰς ἀρετὰς κυρίου [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.63.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>gram. ἀρεταὶ δὲ λόγου εἰσι πέντε, Ἑλληνισμός, σαφήνεια, συντομία, πρέπον, κατασκευή las cualidades de la dicción son cinco, purismo y casticismo en el uso del griego, claridad, concisión, exactitud, elegancia</i> D.L.7.59, αἱ ποιητῶν ἀρεταί D.T.629.22, cf. I 4.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[comportamiento beneficioso]] c. giro prep. τοὺς Ἕλληνας Th.3.58, περὶ ἐμέ X.<i>An</i>.1.4.8, τὰς ἀρετὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ... παρέσχοντο D.19.312<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. τὰ ἐς ἀρετὴν ἐνηντιώμεθα τοῖς πολλοῖς con respecto a un comportamiento generoso actuamos al revés de la mayoría</i> Th.2.40, ἀνταποδοῦναι ἀρετήν devolver un servicio</i> Th.4.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>en inscr. honoríficas ἀρετῆς [[ἕνεκα]] <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.107.14 (IV a.C.), <i>CRIA</i> 12 (II/I a.C.).<br /><b class="num">4</b> en sent. moral [[virtud]] ἀνδρῶν δ' αἰνεῖν τοῦτον, ὃς ἐσθλὰ πιὼν ἀναφαίνει ὥς οἱ μνημοσύνη καὶ πόνος ἀμφ' ἀρετῆς de entre los hombres alaba al que después de beber deja ver su buen natural, que su pensamiento y su esfuerzo están puestos en la virtud</i> Xenoph.1.20, ὅπερ μάλιστα τὴν ἀρετὴν συνέχει Democr.B 179, δίκης καὶ ἀρετῆς ... μετέχει Democr.B 263, op. [[κακία]] Prodic.B 1, 2, Isoc.6.36, ἀρετῆς δὲ καὶ κακίας οὐδὲν εἶναι μεταξύ Zeno <i>Stoic</i>.1.129, cf. Aristid.Quint.60.25, ταῦτα [[δρῶσα]] τῇ ἀρετῇ προσηγόμην πόσιν E.<i>Andr</i>.226, ἔστιν γὰρ, ἔστιν ἁπάσης ἀρετῆς ἀρχὴ μὲν σύνεσις, πέρας δ' [[ἀνδρεία]] D.60.17, ταμιεῖον ἀρετῆς ἐστιν ἡ σώφρων [[γυνή]] Men.<i>Mon</i>.744, φυόμενον ἄνθρωπον εἰς ἀρετὴν ὀρθὸν ἐλθεῖν Plu.2.757f, οἱ μετ' ἀρετῆς πόνοι Porph.<i>Marc</i>.12<br /><b class="num">•</b>considerada primero como algo que concede la divinidad o bien como algo heredado, pero poco a poco como algo que adquiere el hombre οὗτοι γὰρ ἐκέκτηντο ἔνθεον μὲν τὴν ἀρετήν Gorg.B 6, [[ἆρα]] διδακτὸν ἡ ἀ.; Pl.<i>Men</i>.70a, ἐγὼ μὲν λέγων ὡς οὐ διδακτὸν ἀ., σὺ δ' ὡς διδακτόν Pl.<i>Prt</i>.361a, διδακτήν τε εἶναι αὐτήν (λέγω δὲ τὴν ἀρετήν) Zeno <i>Stoic</i>.1.129, ὁ θεὸς ἀρετὴν μὲν οὐ δίδωσιν ἀνθρώποις Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.51<br /><b class="num">•</b>definiciones de [[virtud]]: πρὸς γὰρ ἓν ἔφαμεν δεῖν ἀεὶ πάνθ' ἡμῖν τὰ τῶν νόμων βλέποντ' εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἀρετήν ... Pl.<i>Lg</i>.963a, cf. c, d, ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τις Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1021<sup>b</sup>20, ἕξις προαιρετική, ἐν μεσότητι οὖσα τῇ πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ὡρισμένη λόγῳ καὶ ὡς ἂν ὁ φρόνιμος ὁρίσειε la virtud es un hábito relativo a la elección, que consiste en un término medio que se refiere a nosotros y que se define por la razón tal como un hombre prudente la determinaría</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1106<sup>b</sup>36, ἡ τέλεια ἀ. la virtud completa e.d. acompañada de razón</i> Arist.<i>MM</i> 1200<sup>a</sup>3, cf. <i>EN</i> 1102<sup>a</sup>6, <i>Pol</i>.1295<sup>a</sup>37, οὕτω καὶ ἡ ἀ. πρὸς τὴν κυρίαν así la virtud natural se opone a la virtud en sentido estricto</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1144<sup>b</sup>3, ἀ. δέ τοι ἡ μὲν κοινῶς παντὶ τελείωσις, ὥσπερ ἀνδριάντος· καὶ ἡ [[ἀθεώρητος]], ὥσπερ ὑγίεια· καὶ ἡ θεωρηματική, ὡς φρόνησις la virtud es una perfección de algo en general como de una estatua, por una parte no intelectual como la salud y por otra intelectual como la prudencia</i> Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.48, τῶν δ' ἀρετῶν τὰς μὲν ἐπιστήμας τινῶν καὶ τέχνας, τὰς δ' οὔ Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.23, οὕτως ἔχει καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀρετῶν· ἑκάστῃ γὰρ συμβέβηκεν εἶναι καὶ ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.53, διὰ δὲ τὴν ἡδονὴν καὶ τὰς ἀρετὰς αἱρεῖσθαι Epicur.[1] 138, cf. Diog.Oen.32.1.4, 33.8.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lit. crist. ἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρετήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν 2<i>Ep.Petr</i>.1.5, βλέπεις πῶς πᾶσα ἡ ἕως θανάτου ἐπιτελουμένη ἀ., οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ ἁμαρτίας ἐστὶν [[ἀποχή]]; Marc.Er.<i>Opusc</i>.M.65.933C<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[virtud cardinal]] Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.7.3.17.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[virtud teologal]] Procl.CP.<i>Arm</i>.3 (p.188)<br /><b class="num">•</b>personif. [[Virtud]] B.13.176, Arist.<i>Fr</i>.675, τὸ τῆς Ἀρετῆς [[ἄγαλμα]] Callix.2 (p.174), ἁ τλάμων Ἀ. <i>AP</i> 7.145 (Asclep.), cf. <i>CIG</i> 2786.26 (Afrodisias, imper.), <i>SIG</i> 985.10 (Filadelfia I a.C.) ἐν τῷ κήπῳ τοῦ τῆς Ἀρετῆς ἱεροῦ Philostr.<i>VS</i> 543.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[prosperidad]] θεοὶ δ' ἀρετὴν ὀπάσειαν παντοίην <i>Od</i>.13.45.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[recompensa]], [[premio]] al triunfo, de un atleta ἑλεῖν ... διπλόαν νικῶντ' ἀρετάν Pi.<i>N</i>.5.53, ἄνδρα τε πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα Pi.<i>O</i>.7.89, τιμὰς μὴδ' ἀρετὰς ἕλκεο Thgn.30, δίδου δ' ἀρετὴν τ' ἄφενός τε ... δίδου δ' ἀρετήν τε καὶ ὄλβον Call.<i>Iou</i>.94.<br /><b class="num">III</b> sólo de los dioses<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[capacidad de obrar milagros o prodigios]] (pero cf. I 1) τόδε σῆς ἀρετῆς, Ἀσκληπιέ, [τ] οὖργον ἔδειξας Isyll.62.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[milagro]] τῆς θεοῦ <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.24326 (IV a.C.), anón. en <i>POxy</i>.1382.23<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en plu., <i>ICr</i>.1.17.19.10 (Lebena II/I a.C.), ζῶσαι ἀρεταί <i>IUrb.Rom</i>.148.5 (II d.C.), ἀρετὰς τῶν [[ἐνταῦθα]] λογίων Str.17.1.17, de Dios ὅπως τὰς ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε 1<i>Ep.Petr</i>.2.9.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[narración de un milagro]], <i>POxy</i>.1382.19 (II d.C.).<br /><b class="num">IV</b> cierta máquina de guerra ἔστι δὲ ἀ. οἷα χελώνη σφηνοειδὴς καὶ περιστρόγγυλος [[ἄνωθεν]] ἐξ ἡμικυκλίου Ath.Mech.38.11.<br /><b class="num">V</b> cierto ungüento Androm. en Gal.13.531.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Dud., quizá rel. c. [[ἀρείων]] q.u. y c. [[ἄρος]] q.u.
|dgtxt=ἀρετῆς, ἡ<br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> dór. [[ἀρετά]] Pi.<i>O</i>.7.89, B.10.13, E.<i>Or</i>.807, <i>AP</i> 7.145 (Asclep.); lesb. [[ἀρέτα]] Sapph.148<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>gener. [[excelencia]], [[mérito]] de los dioses τῶν περ καὶ μείζων ἀ. τιμή τε βίη τε <i>Il</i>.9.498<br /><b class="num">•</b>de pers. de Penélope [[εἵνεκα]] τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐριδαίνομεν <i>Od</i>.2.206, τῆς δ' ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ ... ἔθηκαν Hes.<i>Op</i>.289, πλούτῳ δ' ἀ. καὶ [[κῦδος]] ὀπηδεῖ Hes.<i>Op</i>.313, ἀγῶνα νέμειν ἀνδρῶν τ' ἀρετᾶς πέρι Pi.<i>O</i>.3.37, φάρμακον κάλλιστον ἑᾶς ἀρετᾶς ... εὑρέσθαι Pi.<i>P</i>.4.187, ἀνδρῶν δ' ἀρετὰν σύμφυτον οὐ κατελέγχει Pi.<i>I</i>.3.13, [[ἄγει]] τ' ἀρετὰν οὐκ αἴσχιον φυᾶς Pi.<i>I</i>.7.22, παντὶ δ' ἐπὶ φθόνος ἀνδρὶ κεῖται ἀρετᾶς Pi.<i>Fr</i>.94a.9, τεὰν ἀρετὰν μανῦον ἐπιχθονίοισιν B.l.c., ὁ πλοῦτος [[ἄνευ]] ἀρέτας οὐκ ἀσίνης πάροικος Sapph.l.c., [[ἀθάνατος]] ἀ. S.<i>Ph</i>.1420, cf. E.l.c., [[ἀθάνατος]] μνήμη ἀρετῆς Pl.<i>Smp</i>.208d, ἀπ' ἀρετῆς προτιμᾶται accede a los honores por mérito</i> Th.2.37, τὰ χρήματ' ἔλαβεν οὐ κατὰ γένος ἀλλὰ δι' ἀρετήν Isoc.19.45, οἱ μεγίστας ἐπ' ἀρετῇ δόξας ἔχοντες Isoc.3.50, μνημεῖα τῆς αὐτῶν ἀρετῆς Is.5.41, [[ἐλευθερία]] καὶ ἀ. Lycurg.49, de Dios [[δόξα]] καὶ ἀ. 2<i>Ep.Petr</i>.1.3, ἐκάλυψεν οὐρανοῦς ἡ ἀ. αὐτοῦ [[LXX]] <i>Hb</i>.3.3, αὐτὸς λήμψεται ἀρετήν [[LXX]] <i>Za</i>.6.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>como trat. en pap. ἡ σὴ ἀ. su Excelencia</i>, <i>PCair.Isidor</i>.67.5 (III d.C.), 73.16 (IV d.C.), <i>POxy</i>.2718.10 (V d.C.), 2732.14 (VI d.C.), <i>CPR</i> 9.26.5, 6 (VI d.C.), ἡ ἀ. σου <i>PLips</i>.40.2.20 (IV/V d.C.), ἡ ὑμῶν ἀ. vuestra Excelencia</i>, <i>PMich</i>.612.10 (VI d.C.), ἵνα ... ἀπηντήσω πρὸς τὴν ἀρετὴν τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ λαμπροτάτου ἐπάρχου para que vaya al encuentro de su Excelencia, mi señor, el muy ilustre prefecto</i>, <i>POxy</i>.3398.15 (IV d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>de anim. [[excelencia]], [[calidad]] ἀρετῇ τῶν (εἰρίων) ἀπὸ τῶν ὀίων Hdt.3.106, τοῦ ἵππου Hdt.3.88, τῶν κυνῶν ... ἢ ... τῶν ἵππων Pl.<i>R</i>.335b, σκεύους Pl.<i>R</i>.601d, (ἀστακοῦ) Archestr.<i>SHell</i>.155.4, τῶν αἰγῶν Str.9.5.16<br /><b class="num">•</b>de la tierra [[productividad]] οὐδ' ἀρετὴν εἶναί τις ἡ [[Λιβύη]] σπουδαίη Hdt.4.198, χώρη ... ἀρετήν τε ἄκρη Hdt.7.5, γῆς Th.1.2, ἡ ἐν ἀρετῇ κειμένη ... γῆ <i>PTeb</i>.5.165 (II a.C.), χώρας D.C.<i>Epit</i>.8.8.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>de partes del cuerpo ποδῶν ἀρετὴν ἀναφαίνων mostrando la fuerza de sus pies</i>, <i>Il</i>.20.411, ἡ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ ἀ. Arist.<i>EN</i> 1106<sup>a</sup>17.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de virtudes específicas [[excelencia]] demostrada en el combate, [[valor guerrero]] ἠγαγόμην δὲ γυναῖκα ... εἵνεκ' ... ἀρετῆς, ἐπεὶ οὐκ [[ἀποφώλιος]] ἦα οὐδὲ φυγοπτόλεμος <i>Od</i>.14.212, ἥδ' [[ἀρετή]] esta es la verdadera excelencia</i> Tyrt.8.13, ἀρετῆς [[εἵνεκα]] Hdt.8.92, ἀρετὰς ἀπεδείκνυντο Hdt.1.176, 9.40, ἐκείνων (los muertos en Maratón) δὲ διαπρεπῆ τὴν ἀρετὴν κρίναντες Th.2.34, τὴν γὰρ χώραν ... ἐλευθέραν δι' ἀρετὴν παρέδοσαν Th.2.36, ἀ. προγόνων Isoc.4.73<br /><b class="num">•</b>de las diferentes [[virtudes]] o [[cualidades]] ὕπατος ἀμφὶ τοκεῦσιν [[ἔμμεν]] πρὸς ἀρετάν que fue entre los hijos el más alto ejemplo de amor filial</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.6.42, σωφρονεῖν ἀ. μεγίστη Heraclit.B 112, δικαστοῦ ... αὕτη ἀ. Pl.<i>Ap</i>.18a, ἀ. βίου Pl.<i>R</i>.618c, δημοτικὴ ἀ. Pl.<i>R</i>.500d, ἀρετὴ πολιτείας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.886b, πολιτικὴ ἀρετή Pl.<i>Prt</i>.322e<br /><b class="num">•</b>en plu. [[virtudes]] de Hierón de Siracusa δρέπων μὲν κορυφὰς ἀρεταν ἄπο πασᾶν Pi.<i>O</i>.1.13, ἀκίνδυνοι δ' ἀρεταὶ οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις τίμιαι Pi.<i>O</i>.6.9, ἐκ θεῶν γὰρ μαχαναὶ πᾶσαι βροτέαις ἀρεταῖς Pi.<i>P</i>.1.41, γενναίων δ' ἀρεταὶ πόνων E.<i>HF</i> 357, [[ἀμείνων]] παντοίας ἀρετάς superior en todas las cualidades</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.642, πλοῦτόν τε καὶ χάριν ἄγων γνησίαις ἐπ' ἀρεταῖς Pi.<i>O</i>.2.11, [[Ἄργος]] ... φλέγεται δ' ἀρεταῖς μυρίαις Pi.<i>N</i>.10.2, μυρίαι δ' ἀνδρῶν ἀρεταί B.14.8, διττῶν δὲ ἀρετῶν δεῖται, τόλμης καὶ σοφίας Gorg.B 8, ἐπὶ γένεσιν καὶ προγόνων ἀρεταῖς Pl.<i>R</i>.618b, ἀρεταὶ διανοητικαί cualidades noéticas</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1103<sup>a</sup>4, ἀρεταὶ ἠθικαί cualidades del carácter</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1103<sup>a</sup>5, ἐξ ἧς (φρόνησις) αἱ λοιπαὶ πᾶσαι πεφύκασιν ἀρεταί Epicur.<i>Ep</i>.[4] 132, ἀρετὰς δὲ τὰς γενικωτάτας τρεῖς φυσικὴν ἠθικὴν λογικήν Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.15<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. subjet. ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ... τὴν δόξαν μου ἑτέρῳ οὐ δώσω οὐδὲ τὰς ἀρετὰς μου τοῖς γλυπτοῖς [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.42.8, c. gen. obj. ὃν (λαόν) περιεποιησάμην τὰς ἀρετάς μου διηγεῖσθαι [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.43.21, ἐμνήσθην τὰς ἀρετὰς κυρίου [[LXX]] <i>Is</i>.63.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>gram. ἀρεταὶ δὲ λόγου εἰσι πέντε, Ἑλληνισμός, σαφήνεια, συντομία, πρέπον, κατασκευή las cualidades de la dicción son cinco, purismo y casticismo en el uso del griego, claridad, concisión, exactitud, elegancia</i> D.L.7.59, αἱ ποιητῶν ἀρεταί D.T.629.22, cf. I 4.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[comportamiento beneficioso]] c. giro prep. τοὺς Ἕλληνας Th.3.58, περὶ ἐμέ X.<i>An</i>.1.4.8, τὰς ἀρετὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ... παρέσχοντο D.19.312<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. τὰ ἐς ἀρετὴν ἐνηντιώμεθα τοῖς πολλοῖς con respecto a un comportamiento generoso actuamos al revés de la mayoría</i> Th.2.40, ἀνταποδοῦναι ἀρετήν devolver un servicio</i> Th.4.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>en inscr. honoríficas ἀρετῆς [[ἕνεκα]] <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.107.14 (IV a.C.), <i>CRIA</i> 12 (II/I a.C.).<br /><b class="num">4</b> en sent. moral [[virtud]] ἀνδρῶν δ' αἰνεῖν τοῦτον, ὃς ἐσθλὰ πιὼν ἀναφαίνει ὥς οἱ μνημοσύνη καὶ πόνος ἀμφ' ἀρετῆς de entre los hombres alaba al que después de beber deja ver su buen natural, que su pensamiento y su esfuerzo están puestos en la virtud</i> Xenoph.1.20, ὅπερ μάλιστα τὴν ἀρετὴν συνέχει Democr.B 179, δίκης καὶ ἀρετῆς ... μετέχει Democr.B 263, op. [[κακία]] Prodic.B 1, 2, Isoc.6.36, ἀρετῆς δὲ καὶ κακίας οὐδὲν εἶναι μεταξύ Zeno <i>Stoic</i>.1.129, cf. Aristid.Quint.60.25, ταῦτα [[δρῶσα]] τῇ ἀρετῇ προσηγόμην πόσιν E.<i>Andr</i>.226, ἔστιν γὰρ, ἔστιν ἁπάσης ἀρετῆς ἀρχὴ μὲν σύνεσις, πέρας δ' [[ἀνδρεία]] D.60.17, ταμιεῖον ἀρετῆς ἐστιν ἡ σώφρων [[γυνή]] Men.<i>Mon</i>.744, φυόμενον ἄνθρωπον εἰς ἀρετὴν ὀρθὸν ἐλθεῖν Plu.2.757f, οἱ μετ' ἀρετῆς πόνοι Porph.<i>Marc</i>.12<br /><b class="num">•</b>considerada primero como algo que concede la divinidad o bien como algo heredado, pero poco a poco como algo que adquiere el hombre οὗτοι γὰρ ἐκέκτηντο ἔνθεον μὲν τὴν ἀρετήν Gorg.B 6, [[ἆρα]] διδακτὸν ἡ ἀ.; Pl.<i>Men</i>.70a, ἐγὼ μὲν λέγων ὡς οὐ διδακτὸν ἀ., σὺ δ' ὡς διδακτόν Pl.<i>Prt</i>.361a, διδακτήν τε εἶναι αὐτήν (λέγω δὲ τὴν ἀρετήν) Zeno <i>Stoic</i>.1.129, ὁ θεὸς ἀρετὴν μὲν οὐ δίδωσιν ἀνθρώποις Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.51<br /><b class="num">•</b>definiciones de [[virtud]]: πρὸς γὰρ ἓν ἔφαμεν δεῖν ἀεὶ πάνθ' ἡμῖν τὰ τῶν νόμων βλέποντ' εἶναι, τοῦτο δ' ἀρετήν ... Pl.<i>Lg</i>.963a, cf. c, d, ἡ ἀ. τελείωσίς τις Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1021<sup>b</sup>20, ἕξις προαιρετική, ἐν μεσότητι οὖσα τῇ πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ὡρισμένη λόγῳ καὶ ὡς ἂν ὁ φρόνιμος ὁρίσειε la virtud es un hábito relativo a la elección, que consiste en un término medio que se refiere a nosotros y que se define por la razón tal como un hombre prudente la determinaría</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1106<sup>b</sup>36, ἡ τέλεια ἀ. la virtud completa e.d. acompañada de razón</i> Arist.<i>MM</i> 1200<sup>a</sup>3, cf. <i>EN</i> 1102<sup>a</sup>6, <i>Pol</i>.1295<sup>a</sup>37, οὕτω καὶ ἡ ἀ. πρὸς τὴν κυρίαν así la virtud natural se opone a la virtud en sentido estricto</i> Arist.<i>EN</i> 1144<sup>b</sup>3, ἀ. δέ τοι ἡ μὲν κοινῶς παντὶ τελείωσις, ὥσπερ ἀνδριάντος· καὶ ἡ [[ἀθεώρητος]], ὥσπερ ὑγίεια· καὶ ἡ θεωρηματική, ὡς φρόνησις la virtud es una perfección de algo en general como de una estatua, por una parte no intelectual como la salud y por otra intelectual como la prudencia</i> Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.48, τῶν δ' ἀρετῶν τὰς μὲν ἐπιστήμας τινῶν καὶ τέχνας, τὰς δ' οὔ Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.23, οὕτως ἔχει καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀρετῶν· ἑκάστῃ γὰρ συμβέβηκεν εἶναι καὶ ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.53, διὰ δὲ τὴν ἡδονὴν καὶ τὰς ἀρετὰς αἱρεῖσθαι Epicur.[1] 138, cf. Diog.Oen.32.1.4, 33.8.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lit. crist. ἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρετήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν 2<i>Ep.Petr</i>.1.5, βλέπεις πῶς πᾶσα ἡ ἕως θανάτου ἐπιτελουμένη ἀ., οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ ἁμαρτίας ἐστὶν [[ἀποχή]]; Marc.Er.<i>Opusc</i>.M.65.933C<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[virtud cardinal]] Clem.Al.<i>Strom</i>.7.3.17.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[virtud teologal]] Procl.CP.<i>Arm</i>.3 (p.188)<br /><b class="num">•</b>personif. [[Virtud]] B.13.176, Arist.<i>Fr</i>.675, τὸ τῆς Ἀρετῆς [[ἄγαλμα]] Callix.2 (p.174), ἁ τλάμων Ἀ. <i>AP</i> 7.145 (Asclep.), cf. <i>CIG</i> 2786.26 (Afrodisias, imper.), <i>SIG</i> 985.10 (Filadelfia I a.C.) ἐν τῷ κήπῳ τοῦ τῆς Ἀρετῆς ἱεροῦ Philostr.<i>VS</i> 543.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[prosperidad]] θεοὶ δ' ἀρετὴν ὀπάσειαν παντοίην <i>Od</i>.13.45.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[recompensa]], [[premio]] al triunfo, de un atleta ἑλεῖν ... διπλόαν νικῶντ' ἀρετάν Pi.<i>N</i>.5.53, ἄνδρα τε πὺξ ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα Pi.<i>O</i>.7.89, τιμὰς μὴδ' ἀρετὰς ἕλκεο Thgn.30, δίδου δ' ἀρετὴν τ' ἄφενός τε ... δίδου δ' ἀρετήν τε καὶ ὄλβον Call.<i>Iou</i>.94.<br /><b class="num">III</b> sólo de los dioses<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[capacidad de obrar milagros o prodigios]] (pero cf. I 1) τόδε σῆς ἀρετῆς, Ἀσκληπιέ, [τ] οὖργον ἔδειξας Isyll.62.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[milagro]] τῆς θεοῦ <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.24326 (IV a.C.), anón. en <i>POxy</i>.1382.23<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en plu., <i>ICr</i>.1.17.19.10 (Lebena II/I a.C.), ζῶσαι ἀρεταί <i>IUrb.Rom</i>.148.5 (II d.C.), ἀρετὰς τῶν [[ἐνταῦθα]] λογίων Str.17.1.17, de Dios ὅπως τὰς ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε 1<i>Ep.Petr</i>.2.9.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[narración de un milagro]], <i>POxy</i>.1382.19 (II d.C.).<br /><b class="num">IV</b> cierta máquina de guerra ἔστι δὲ ἀ. οἷα χελώνη σφηνοειδὴς καὶ περιστρόγγυλος [[ἄνωθεν]] ἐξ ἡμικυκλίου Ath.Mech.38.11.<br /><b class="num">V</b> cierto ungüento Androm. en Gal.13.531.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Dud., quizá rel. c. [[ἀρείων]] q.u. y c. [[ἄρος]] q.u.
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{{pape
{{pape
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}}
}}
{{bailly
{{bailly
|btext=ῆς (ἡ) :<br /><b>A.</b> [[mérite]] <i>ou</i> qualité par quoi l'on excelle :<br /><b>I.</b> [[qualité du corps]] ; qualité de la terre, qualité de choses (vases, meubles, <i>etc.</i>);<br /><b>II.</b> qualité de l'intelligence, de l'âme, <i>etc.</i> ; <i>particul.</i> :<br /><b>1</b> [[courage]] ; αἱ ἀρεταί actes de courage;<br /><b>2</b> <i>au sens moral</i> vertu ; αἱ ἀρεταί nobles actions;<br /><b>3</b> [[considération]], [[honneur]];<br /><b>B.</b> [[bon office]], [[service]];<br /><b>[[NT]]</b>: [[perfection]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀρέσκω]].
|btext=ῆς (ἡ) :<br /><b>A.</b> [[mérite]] <i>ou</i> qualité par quoi l'on excelle :<br /><b>I.</b> [[qualité du corps]] ; qualité de la terre, qualité de choses (vases, meubles, <i>etc.</i>);<br /><b>II.</b> qualité de l'intelligence, de l'âme, <i>etc.</i> ; <i>particul.</i> :<br /><b>1</b> [[courage]] ; αἱ ἀρεταί actes de courage;<br /><b>2</b> <i>au sens moral</i> vertu ; αἱ ἀρεταί nobles actions;<br /><b>3</b> [[considération]], [[honneur]];<br /><b>B.</b> [[bon office]], [[service]];<br />[[NT]]: [[perfection]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀρέσκω]].
}}
}}
{{Autenrieth
{{Autenrieth
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}}
}}
{{mdlsj
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[[Ἄρης]]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[goodness]], [[excellence]], of any [[kind]], especially of [[manly]] qualities, [[manhood]], [[valour]], [[prowess]], Hom., Hdt. (like Lat. vir-tus, from vir).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[rank]], [[nobility]], Theogn., Eur.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in Prose, [[generally]], [[goodness]], [[excellence]] in any art, Plat., etc.; of animals or things, Hdt., [[attic]].<br /><b class="num">4.</b> in [[moral]] [[sense]], [[goodness]], [[virtue]], Plat., etc.:—also [[character]] for [[virtue]], [[merit]], Eur., etc.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> ἀρ. εἴς τινα [[service]] done him, Thuc.; ἀρ. [[περί]] τινα Xen.
|mdlsjtxt=[[Ἄρης]]<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[goodness]], [[excellence]], of any [[kind]], especially of [[manly]] qualities, [[manhood]], [[valour]], [[prowess]], Hom., Hdt. (like Lat. vir-tus, from vir).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[rank]], [[nobility]], Theogn., Eur.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> in Prose, [[generally]], [[goodness]], [[excellence]] in any art, Plat., etc.; of animals or things, Hdt., Attic.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> in [[moral]] [[sense]], [[goodness]], [[virtue]], Plat., etc.:—also [[character]] for [[virtue]], [[merit]], Eur., etc.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> ἀρ. εἴς τινα [[service]] done him, Thuc.; ἀρ. [[περί]] τινα Xen.
}}
}}
{{FriskDe
{{FriskDe
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{{elmes
{{elmes
|esmgtx=ἡ [[hecho maravilloso]], [[milagro]] μορφὴν θ' ἱλαρὰν ἐπίτειλον ἐμοί, τῷ δεῖνα, ὄφρα σε μαντοσύναις, ταῖς σαῖς ἀρεταῖσι, λάβοιμι <b class="b3">deja que se me muestre tu forma benigna, para que pueda comprenderte por medio de tus adivinaciones, tus hechos maravillosos (en una invocación a Hermes) </b> P V 419  
|esmgtx=ἡ [[hecho maravilloso]], [[milagro]] μορφὴν θ' ἱλαρὰν ἐπίτειλον ἐμοί, τῷ δεῖνα, ὄφρα σε μαντοσύναις, ταῖς σαῖς ἀρεταῖσι, λάβοιμι <b class="b3">deja que se me muestre tu forma benigna, para que pueda comprenderte por medio de tus adivinaciones, tus hechos maravillosos (en una invocación a Hermes) </b> P V 419  
}}
{{lxth
|lthtxt=''[[virtus]], [[praestantia]]'', [[excellence]], [[merit]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.2.4/ 1.2.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.37.1/ 2.37.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.45.2/ 2.45.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.68.1/ 8.68.1],<br>''[[fortitudo]]'', [[bravery]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.34.5/ 2.34.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.36.1/ 2.36.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.42.2/ 2.42.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.43.1/ 2.43.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.45.1/ 2.45.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.46.1/ 2.46.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.51.5/ 2.51.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87.9/ 2.87.9], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.56.5/ 3.56.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.63.2/ 4.63.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.126.2/ 4.126.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.11.6/ 6.11.6],<br>''[[probitas]], [[innocentia]]'', [[uprightness]], [[innocence]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.37.2/ 1.37.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.37.5/ 1.37.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.10.1/ 3.10.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%203.10.1/ 3.10.1][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.81.2/ 4.81.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.105.4/ 5.105.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.54.5/ 6.54.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.86.5/ 7.86.5],<br>''[[meritum]], [[liberalitas]]'', [[service]], [[generosity]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.40.4/ 2.40.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.40.4/ 2.40.4][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.71.3/ 2.71.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.56.7/ 3.56.7], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.57.2/ 3.57.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.58.1/ 3.58.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.19.2/ 4.19.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%204.19.3/ 4.19.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.86.5/ 4.86.5], [<i>olim</i> <i>formerly</i> ἀρχὴν]<br>''[[virtutis nomen]], [[laus]]'', [[reputation for merit]], [[praise]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.33.2/ 1.33.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.69.1/ 1.69.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.45.2/ 2.45.2], (<i>in orationibus</i> <i>in speeches</i>), ''[[egregia facinora]]'', [[distinguished deeds]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.123.1/ 1.123.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.35.1/ 2.35.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.42.2/ 2.42.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.53.4/ 3.53.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.67.2/ 3.67.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.92.1/ 4.92.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.69.2/ 7.69.2].
}}
}}
{{trml
{{trml
|trtx====[[goodness]]===
|trtx====[[goodness]]===
Albanian: mirësi; Aromanian: bunãtati; Asturian: bondá; Bulgarian: добрина, доброта; Catalan: bondat, bonesa; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: dobrota; Dutch: [[goedheid]]; Esperanto: boneco; Finnish: hyvyys; French: [[bonté]]; Old French: bonté; Friulian: bontât; Galician: bondade; German: [[Güte]], [[Gütigkeit]], [[Herzensgüte]], [[Tugend]], [[Integrität]]; Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹, 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[καλοσύνη]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγαθότης]], [[ἀγαθοσύνη]]; Hebrew: טוֹב‎; Ido: boneso; Ingrian: hüvüsse; Irish: maitheas, maith; Italian: [[bontà]]; Judeo-Italian: טובזה‎; Latin: [[bonitas]]; Lithuanian: gerumas; Middle English: goodnesse; Occitan: bontat, bonesa; Old High German: guotī; Old Occitan: bontat; Polish: dobro, dobroć; Portuguese: [[bondade]]; Romanian: bunătate; Russian: [[доброта]]; Scots: guidness; Spanish: [[bondad]]; Swahili: uzuri; Swedish: godhet; Tagalog: buti; Tamil: நல்லது; Telugu: మంచితనము; Tocharian B: kärtsauñe; Turkish: iyilik; Ugaritic: 𐎉𐎁; Votic: üvüz
Albanian: mirësi; Aromanian: bunãtati; Asturian: bondá; Bulgarian: добрина, доброта; Catalan: bondat, bonesa; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: dobrota; Dutch: [[goedheid]]; Esperanto: boneco; Finnish: hyvyys; French: [[bonté]]; Old French: bonté; Friulian: bontât; Galician: bondade; German: [[Güte]], [[Gütigkeit]], [[Herzensgüte]], [[Tugend]], [[Integrität]]; Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹, 𐌲𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[καλοσύνη]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγαθοσύνη]], [[ἀγαθότης]], [[ἀγαθωσύνη]], [[ἀρετά]], [[ἀρετή]], [[ἐητύς]], [[ἐσθλότης]], [[εὐήθεια]], [[εὐηθία]], [[εὐηθίη]], [[καλλονή]], [[καλοκἀγαθία]], [[κεδνοσύνη]], [[σπουδαιότης]], [[τὸ ἐπιεικές]], [[τὸ χρηστόν]], [[τοὐπιευκές]], [[χρηστοσύνη]], [[χρηστότης]]; Hebrew: טוֹב‎; Ido: boneso; Ingrian: hüvüsse; Irish: maitheas, maith; Italian: [[bontà]]; Judeo-Italian: טובזה‎; Latin: [[bonitas]]; Lithuanian: gerumas; Middle English: goodnesse; Occitan: bontat, bonesa; Old High German: guotī; Old Occitan: bontat; Polish: dobro, dobroć; Portuguese: [[bondade]]; Romanian: bunătate; Russian: [[доброта]]; Scots: guidness; Spanish: [[bondad]]; Swahili: uzuri; Swedish: godhet; Tagalog: buti; Tamil: நல்லது; Telugu: మంచితనము; Tocharian B: kärtsauñe; Turkish: iyilik; Ugaritic: 𐎉𐎁; Votic: üvüz
===[[excellence]]===
===[[excellence]]===
Armenian: գերազանցություն; Bikol Central: bansay; Bulgarian: превъзходство; Catalan: excel·lència; Chinese Mandarin: 卓越; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: výtečnost; Esperanto: brileco, bonegeco; French: [[excellence]]; Galician: excelencia, prominencia; German: [[Vortrefflichkeit]]; Greek: [[υπεροχή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ὑπεροχή]]; Hindi: कमाल; Irish: feabhas; Japanese: 優秀さ; Latin: [[excellentia]]; Latvian: izcilība; Macedonian: извонредност, превосходство; Malayalam: മികവ്, മേന്മ; Maori: panekiretanga, hiranga, huhuatanga; Occitan: excelléncia; Polish: świetność; Portuguese: [[excelência]]; Russian: [[превосходство]]; Spanish: [[excelencia]], [[prestancia]]; Tamil: சிறப்பு, மேன்மை; Tocharian B: śpālmäññe
Afrikaans: uitmuntendheid, voortreflikheid; Armenian: գերազանցություն; Bikol Central: bansay; Bulgarian: превъзходство; Catalan: excel·lència; Chinese Mandarin: 卓越; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: výtečnost; Dutch: [[uitmuntendheid]], [[voortreffelijkheid]], [[excellentie]]; Esperanto: brileco, bonegeco; French: [[excellence]]; Galician: excelencia, prominencia; German: [[Vortrefflichkeit]]; Greek: [[αριστεία]], [[υπεροχή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀκρότης]], [[ἀνδρεία]], [[ἀξίωσις]], [[ἀρειότης]], [[ἀρετά]], [[ἀρετή]], [[ἀριστεία]], [[ἀριστείη]], [[ἄχνη]], [[διαφορά]], [[δοκιμότης]], [[ἐκπρέπεια]], [[ἐμπρέπεια]], [[ἐνδοξότης]], [[κορυφαιότης]], [[τὸ χρήσιμον]], [[ὑπεροχή]]; Hindi: कमाल; Irish: feabhas; Italian: [[eccellenza]]; Japanese: 優秀さ; Latin: [[excellentia]]; Latvian: izcilība; Macedonian: извонредност, превосходство; Malayalam: മികവ്, മേന്മ; Maori: panekiretanga, hiranga, huhuatanga; Occitan: excelléncia; Polish: świetność; Portuguese: [[excelência]]; Russian: [[превосходство]]; Spanish: [[excelencia]], [[prestancia]]; Tamil: சிறப்பு, மேன்மை; Tocharian B: śpālmäññe
===[[virtue]]===
===[[virtue]]===
afrikaans: deug; Albanian: virtyt; Arabic: فَضِيلَة‎; Armenian: առաքինություն; Belarusian: цнота, дабрачыннасць, дабрачыннасьць; Bulgarian: добродетел, целомъ́дрие; Catalan: virtut; Cebuano: birtud; Chinese Mandarin: 美德, 德; Czech: ctnost; Danish: dyd; Dutch: [[deugdzaamheid]]; Finnish: hyvellisyys, siveys; French: [[vertu]]; Friulian: virtût; Galician: virtude; Georgian: ღირსება; German: [[Tugend]]; Greek: [[αρετή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀρετή]], [[τὸ ἐνάρετον]]; Hebrew: סְגֻלָּה‎; Hindi: सदाचार; Hungarian: erény; Icelandic: dyggð; Ido: vertuo; Interlingua: virtute; Italian: [[virtù]]; Japanese: 美徳, 徳; Korean: 미덕(美德), 덕(德); Latin: [[virtus]]; Latvian: tikums; Macedonian: доблест; Middle English: honeste; Norwegian: dyd; Old Norse: dygð; Old English: cræft; Persian: خوبی‎, ستودگی‎, هژیری‎; Polish: cnota; Portuguese: [[virtude]]; Romanian: virtute; Russian: [[добродетель]], [[целомудрие]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: врлина; Roman: vrlina; Sicilian: virtuti; Slovak: cnosť; Slovene: vrlina; Solon: buyaa; Spanish: [[virtud]]; Swedish: dygd; Tamil: விருடம்; Telugu: సుగుణం; Turkish: erdem, fazilet, itminan; Ukrainian: цнотливість, доброчесність; Venetian: vertù; Vietnamese: đức
afrikaans: deug; Albanian: virtyt; Arabic: فَضِيلَة‎; Armenian: առաքինություն; Belarusian: цнота, дабрачыннасць, дабрачыннасьць; Bulgarian: добродетел, целомъ́дрие; Catalan: virtut; Cebuano: birtud; Chinese Mandarin: 美德, 德; Czech: ctnost; Danish: dyd; Dutch: [[deugdzaamheid]]; Finnish: hyvellisyys, siveys; French: [[vertu]]; Friulian: virtût; Galician: virtude; Georgian: ღირსება; German: [[Tugend]]; Greek: [[αρετή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀρετή]], [[τὸ ἐνάρετον]]; Hebrew: סְגֻלָּה‎; Hindi: सदाचार; Hungarian: erény; Icelandic: dyggð; Ido: vertuo; Interlingua: virtute; Italian: [[virtù]]; Japanese: 美徳, 徳; Korean: 미덕(美德), 덕(德); Latin: [[virtus]]; Latvian: tikums; Macedonian: доблест; Middle English: honeste; Norwegian: dyd; Old Norse: dygð; Old English: cræft; Persian: خوبی‎, ستودگی‎, هژیری‎; Polish: cnota; Portuguese: [[virtude]]; Romanian: virtute; Russian: [[добродетель]], [[целомудрие]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: врлина; Roman: vrlina; Sicilian: virtuti; Slovak: cnosť; Slovene: vrlina; Solon: buyaa; Spanish: [[virtud]]; Swedish: dygd; Tamil: விருடம்; Telugu: సుగుణం; Turkish: erdem, fazilet, itminan; Ukrainian: цнотливість, доброчесність; Venetian: vertù; Vietnamese: đức
===[[courage]]===
Abkhaz: агәымшәара; Afrikaans: moed, dapperheid; Albanian: guxim, trimëri; Arabic: شَجَاعَة‎, جَسَارَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جسارة‎; Hijazi Arabic: شجاعة‎; South Levantine Arabic: شجاعة‎; Aragonese: corache; Armenian: քաջություն, արիություն, խիզախություն; Assamese: সাহ, সাহস; Asturian: coraxe, bravura, braveza; Azerbaijani: cəsarət; Bashkir: батырлыҡ, ҡыйыулыҡ, тәүәккәллек, баҙнатлыҡ; Basque: kemen; Belarusian: смеласць, храбрасць, адвага, мужнасць; Bengali: সাহস; Breton: nerz-kalon; Bulgarian: смелост, храброст, кураж; Burmese: သူရသတ္တိ; Catalan: coratge, valor; Cherokee: ᎠᎵᎦᎵᏴᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 勇氣/勇气, 膽量/胆量; Czech: odvaha, kuráž, statečnost; Danish: mod, tapperhed; Dutch: [[moed]], [[dapperheid]]; Esperanto: kuraĝo; Estonian: julgus, vaprus; Faroese: dirvi, mót, áræði, treysti; Finnish: rohkeus, urheus, urhoollisuus; French: [[bravoure]], [[courage]], [[cœur]], [[vaillance]]; Friulian: fiât; Galician: afouteza, coraxe, carraxe, brúo, braveza, xirio, ardemento, cordoxo; Georgian: გულადობა, მამაცობა, ვაჟკაცობა; German: [[Courage]], [[Herz]], [[Mut]], [[Tapferkeit]]; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹; Greek: [[κουράγιο]], [[θάρρος]], [[γενναιότητα]], [[ανδρεία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγηνορία]], [[αἷμα]], [[ἀλκή]], [[ἀνάτασις]], [[ἀνδραγαθία]], [[ἀνδραγαθίη]], [[ἀνδρεία]], [[ἀρετή]], [[εὐανδρία]], [[εὐτολμία]], [[θάρρος]], [[θάρσος]], [[θέρσος]], [[θράσος]], [[κάρτος]], [[λῆμα]], [[μένος]], [[τἀνδρεῖον]], [[τὸ ἀνδρεῖον]], [[τόλμα]], [[τόλμη]], [[φρόνημα]]; Guaraní: py'aguasu; Gujarati: હિંમત; Hawaiian: koa; Hebrew: אֹמֶץ‎; Hindi: साहस, हौसला, हिम्मत; Hungarian: bátorság; Icelandic: hugrekki, kjarkur; Ido: kurajo; Indonesian: keberanian; Interlingua: corage; Irish: misneach, sprid; Italian: [[coraggio]]; Japanese: 勇気, 度胸; Javanese: wani, kawenan; Kazakh: батылдық, аужарлық; Khmer: សេចក្ដីក្លាហាន; Korean: 용기(勇氣); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: wêrekî, bistehî, cesaret, curet, mêranî; Kyrgyz: кайрат, кайраттуулук, жүрөктүүлүк; Ladino: koraje, animo, djesaret; Lao: ເສົາຣະຍະ, ຄວາມກ້າຫານ; Latin: [[fortitudo]], [[virtus]], [[animus]], [[audentia]]; Latvian: drosme; Lithuanian: drąsa; Luxembourgish: Mutt, Courage; Macedonian: храброст, смелост; Malay: keberanian; Malayalam: ധൈര്യം; Maltese: kuraġġ; Maori: hautoa, māia, toa; Mirandese: coraige; Mongolian: эр зориг; Nepali: बहादुरी, साहस; Norwegian Bokmål: mot, tapperhet; Occitan: coratge; Old English: nōþ; Ossetian: хъӕбатырдзинад; Persian: شهامت‎, جرات‎, جسارت‎, شجاعت‎; Polish: odwaga, męstwo, śmiałość; Portuguese: [[coragem]], [[coração]], [[valentia]]; Romanian: curaj; Russian: [[смелость]], [[храбрость]], [[отвага]], [[мужество]]; Scottish Gaelic: tapachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: храбро̄ст, сме̏ло̄ст; Roman: hrábrōst, smȅlōst; Sicilian: curaggiu; Slovak: odvaha; Slovene: pogum, hrabrost; Spanish: [[coraje]], [[valor]], [[valentía]]; Swahili: ujasiri; Swedish: mod, tapperhet; Tagalog: tapang, katapangan, lakas ng loob; Tajik: ҷасурӣ, далерӣ, диловарӣ, ҷуръат, ҷасорат; Tamil: தைரியம்; Telugu: ధైర్యము; Thai: ความกล้า, ความกล้าหาญ; Tibetan: སྙིང་སྟོབས; Turkish: cesaret, yüreklilik; Turkmen: batyrlyk, mertlik, ýüreklilik; Tuvan: эрес дидим чорук; Ukrainian: сміливість, хоробрість, мужність, відвага; Urdu: ساہس‎, ہمت‎; Uyghur: جاسارەت‎; Uzbek: botirlik, jasurlik, mardlik, jasorat; Vietnamese: can đảm; Volapük: kurad; Welsh: hyfdra; West Frisian: moed; White Hmong: peevxwm, peev xwm; Yiddish: מוט‎; Zazaki: cesaret, egitey; Zulu: isibindi
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