ὀφθαλμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, ([[ὄπωπα]], [[ὀφθῆναι]], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ὄψ]] B) [[eye]], used by Hom. and Hes. mostly in plural; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν . . ἀτρέμας ἐν βλεφάροισι <span class="bibl">Od.19.211</span>: sg., <b class="b3">παίειν τινὰ ἐς τὸν ὀ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.22</span>: the pl. continued most common, but the dual also occurs, as in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>362</span>: pl. is used in many phrases, <b class="b3">ἐλθέμεν ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος</b> before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.204</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδ' Ἀχιλῆος ὀφθαλμοὺς εἴσειμι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">463</span>; ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ἰδεῖν]], [[ὁρᾶσθαι]], etc., <span class="bibl">10.275</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.47</span>, etc.; but ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ὁρᾶν]], [[νοεῖν]], to [[see]] before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">8.459</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.312</span>; ἔχειν ἐν ὀφθαλμοίς = to have before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.29</span>; τὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοίς = what is before one's [[eyes]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>174c</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοίς δὴ γελοῖον</b> what was [[ridiculous]] to the [[eye]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>452d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>213a</span>; πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν [[προφαίνεσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.148</span>; ἐπ' ὀφθαλμῶν <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Tox.</span>20</span>; <b class="b3">γενέσθαι τινὶ ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν</b> to get out of any one's [[sight]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.106</span>; ἐξ ὀ. ἀποπέμψασθαι <span class="bibl">Id.1.120</span>; ἐξ ὀ. ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Alciphr. 3.20</span>; <b class="b3">κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν τινί</b> to [[tell]] one [[to one's face]], opp. <b class="b3">εἰς οὖς</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>626</span>; <b class="b3">τυράννου κατ' ὀφθαλμούς κατηγορεῖν</b> to [[accuse]] him to his [[face]], <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Hier.</span>1.14</span>: sg. in the phrase πρὸς ὀφθαλμὸν [[ἐπιχεῖν]], [[μίσγειν]], [[by eye]], PHolm.7.23, <span class="title">PLeid.X.</span>62; [[eyes]] were painted on the bows of vessels, βλοσυροῖς κατὰ πρῷραν ὀφθαλμοῖς οἷον βλέπει <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>1.19</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>22.1607.24, <span class="bibl">Poll.1.86</span>; whence the joke in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>97</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[στέρησις]] ὀφθαλμῶν = [[temporary]] [[loss]] of [[sight]], Gal.17(1).400. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in sg., the [[eye]] of a [[master]] or [[ruler]], <b class="b3">πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς ὀφθαλμός</b> <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>267</span>; Δίκης ὀφθαλμὸς ὃς τὰ πάνθ' ὁρᾷ <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>179</span>; δεσπότου ὀφθαλμός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>12.20</span>; [[ἀκοίμητος]] ὀφθαλμός, of [[God]], <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>3</span>; so a king is called ὀφθαλμὸς οἴκων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>934</span> (so ὄμμα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span> 169</span>); and in Persia <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως</b> [[the king's eye]] was a [[confidential]] [[officer]], through whom he beheld his kingdom and subjects, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>979</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.2.10</span> sq., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1287b29</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.642</span>; cf. [[οὖς]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[the eye of heaven]], <b class="b3">ἑσπέρας ὀφθαλμός, νυκτὸς ὀφθαλμός</b>, of the [[moon]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>3.20</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>390</span>; also [[οὐράνιος]] ὀφθαλμός, of the [[sun]], <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[the dearest]], [[the best]], as the eye is the most precious part of the body, hence of men, ὀφθαλμὸς [[Σικελία]]ς, ὀφθαλμὸς στρατιᾶς, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">6.16</span>; also, [[light]], [[cheer]], [[comfort]], μέγας &lt;γ'&gt; ὀ. οἱ πατρὸς τάφοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 987</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>406</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[eye]] or [[bud]] of a plant or tree, <span class="bibl">Alcm.43</span>, Ion Eleg.<span class="bibl">1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Puer.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span> 19.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>1.8.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> a [[surgical]] [[bandage]] [[cover]]ing one or both [[eye]]s, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Off.</span>7</span>, Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib. 48.29</span>,<span class="bibl">30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VII</span> Archit., in dual, the [[disk]]s forming the centres of the volutes of an Ionic capital, <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.291.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0425.png Seite 425]] ὁ (οπ, ὤφθην, nicht zusammengesetzt),[[ das Auge]], Hom. u. Folgde überall; ὃν ὀφθαλμοῦ ἀλάωσεν, Od. 1, 69; κατὰ δ' ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτ' [[ἀχλύς]], Il. 16, 344; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ' ὡςεὶ κέρα ἕστασαν ἠὲ [[σίδηρος]], Od. 19, 211; auch ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ἰδεῖν]], u. ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς, Hom.; ἀνδρὸς ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐλθέμεν, Il. 24, 520, wie auch wir sagen: vor die Augen kommen, vor sein Angesicht; ὄφρ' [[ἤτοι]] τοῦτον ἐπιφλέγῃ ἀκάματον πῦρ [[θᾶσσον]] ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν, 23, 53; u. so ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν [[γενέσθαι]], aus den Augen kommen, wie γίγνεσθαί τινι ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν, Her. 5, 106, Xen. Hier. 6, 13; τὠφθαλμὼ παραβάλλων, Plat. Conv. 221 b; τὸ δὲ δεῖξαι [[λέγω]] εἰς τὴν τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν αἴσθησιν καταστῆσαι, Crat. 430 e; er verbindet τὰ παρὰ ποδὸς καὶ τὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς, das was vor Augen offen daliegt, Theaet. 174 c; κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν τινί, Einem ins Gesicht Etwas sagen, Ar. Ran. 626, wie τυράννου κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς κατηγορεῖν, Xen. Hier. 1, 14; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἔχειν τινά, Jem. in den Augen behalten, nicht aus den Augen lassen, An. 4, 5, 29; πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν λαμβάνειν τι, τιθέναι τί τινι, Pol. 2, 35, 8. 3, 108, 1. – Übertr., αἰθέρος [[ὀφθαλμός]], von der Sonne u. dem Monde, poet. bei Suid.; ὅλον ἑσπέρας ὀφθαλμόν, Pind. Ol. 3, 21; νυκτός, Aesch. Spt. 372; auch ὀφθαλμὸν οἴκων, Ch. 922; auch übh. das Köstlichste, Beste, Σικελίας, Pind. Ol. 2, 11; στρατιᾶς, 6, 16; καὶ μὴν [[μέγας]] γ' [[ὀφθαλμός]] οἱ πατρὸς [[τάφος]], Soph. O. R. 987; εἷς [[παῖς]] ὅδ' ἦν μοι λοιπὸς ὀφθαλμὸς βίου, Eur. Andr. 407; sp. D. – Bei den Persern heißen βασιλέως ὀφθαλμοί des Königs Räthe, durch welche er seine Unterthanen sah, Aesch. Pers. 941; vgl. Schol. Ar. Ach. 92; Xen. Cyr. 8, 2, 12; Plut. Artax. 12. – Beim Schiffe ist es nach Schol. Ar. a. a. O. κώπης [[τρῆμα]], Ruderpforte; nach Poll. 1, 86 u. Att. Seew. II, 68. 75 ein runder Schild mit dem Namen des Schiffes am Vordertheile angebracht. – Auch die Knospen und Augen der Bäume und Pflanzen, Theophr. u. Sp.

|auten=([[root]] ὀπ, cf. oculus): [[eye]]; freq., (ἐν) ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ‘see [[with]] [[one]]'s eyes’; ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς [[ἐλθεῖν]], ‘[[into]] [[one]]'s [[sight]],’ Il. 24.204.

|txtha=ὀφθαλμοῦ, ὁ (from the [[root]], ὀπ, to [[see]]; [[allied]] to [[ὄψις]], [[ὄψομαι]], etc.; [[Curtius]], § 627), the Sept. for עַיִן (from Homer down), the [[eye]]: ῤιπῇ ὀφθαλμοῦ, οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου [[εἶδον]] ([[see]] the [[remark]] in [[γλῶσσα]], 1), ἀνέβλεψαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί R G); [[ἰδεῖν]] τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς, ὁρᾶν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ([[see]] [[ὁράω]], 1), ἡ [[ἐπιθυμία]] [[τῶν]] ὀφθαλμῶν, [[desire]] [[excited]] by [[seeing]], [[ὀφθαλμός]] [[σου]] [[πονηρός]] ἐστιν, i. e. thou [[art]] [[envious]], [[ὀφθαλμός]] [[πονηρός]], [[envy]], עַיִן רַע, an [[envious]] Prayer of Manasseh, בְּאָחִיך עֵינֲך רָעָה, [[thine]] [[eye]] is [[evil]] toward [[thy]] [[brother]], i. e. thou enviest (grudgest) [[thy]] [[brother]], [[ὀφθαλμός]] [[πονηρός]] [[φθονερός]] ἐπ' ἄρτῳ, μή φθονεσάτω [[σου]] ὁ [[ὀφθαλμός]], [[ἀγαθός]] [[ὀφθαλμός]], is used of a [[willing]] [[mind]], [[ὀφθαλμός]] [[πονηρός]] in [[diseased]], [[disordered]] [[eye]], [[just]] as we [[say]] a [[bad]] [[eye]], a [[bad]] [[finger]] ([[see]] [[πονηρός]], 2a. ([[where]] κρατεῖν [[τούς]] ὀφθαλμούς [[τοῦ]] μή κτλ. (A. V. to [[hold]] the eyes i. e.) to [[prevent]] [[one]] from recognizing [[another]], [[ὑπολαμβάνω]] τινα [[ἀπό]] [[τῶν]] ὀφθαλμῶν τίνος, by receiving [[one]] to [[withdraw]] him from [[another]]'s [[sight]] (A. V. [[received]] him [[out]] of [[their]] [[sight]]), the eyes of the [[mind]], the [[faculty]] of [[knowing]]: ἐκρύβη [[ἀπό]] [[τῶν]] ὀφθαλμῶν [[σου]], [[hidden]] from [[thine]] eyes, i. e. [[concealed]] from thee (cf. Buttmann, 320 (274)), διδόναι τίνι ὀφθαλμούς [[τοῦ]] μή βλέπειν, to [[crease]] [[one]] to be [[slow]] to [[understand]], Buttmann, 267 (230)); τυφλουν [[τούς]] ὀφθαλμούς τίνος, σκοτιζονται οἱ ὀφθαλμοί πεφωτίσμενοι ὀφθαλμοί τῆς διανοίας (cf. Buttmann, § 145,6), τῆς καρδίας (as in Clement of [[Rome]], 1 Corinthians 36,2 [ET]), ibid. G L T Tr WH; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς τίνος (פּ בְּעֵינֵי (cf. Buttmann, § 146,1at the [[end]])), in the [[judgment]] (cf. [[our]] [[view]]) of [[one]], [[οὐκ]] ἐστι τί [[ἀπέναντι]] [[τῶν]] ὀφθαλμῶν τίνος, to [[neglect]] a [[thing]] (cf. [[our]] [[leave]], [[put]], [[out]] of [[sight]]), γυμνόν ἐστι τί τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς τίνος ([[see]] [[γυμνός]], 2a.), οἱ ὀφθαλμοί [[τοῦ]] κυρίου [[ἐπί]] δικαίους ([[namely]], επι((or απο() βλέπουσιν, [[which]] is added in [[ὀφθαλμός]] occurs [[may]] be [[found]] [[under]] [[ἀνοίγω]], p. 48{b}, [[ἁπλοῦς]], [[διανοίγω]] 1, [[ἐξορύσσω]] 1, [[ἐπαίρω]], p. 228^a, [[καμμύω]], [[μοιχαλίς]] a., προγράφω2

|lsmtext='''ὀφθαλμός:''' -οῦ, ὁ (από √<i>ΟΠ</i>, [[ρίζα]] των <i>ὄψ-ομαι</i>, <i>ὀφ-θῆναι</i>),<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[οφθαλμός]], [[μάτι]], [[κυρίως]] στον πληθ., σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· [[ἐλθεῖν]] ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος, [[έρχομαι]] ενώπιον κάποιου, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· <i>ἐνὀφθαλμοῖσίν τινος</i>, [[μπροστά]] στα μάτια κάποιου, Λατ. in oculis, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.· πρὸ [[τῶν]] ὀφθαλμῶν, σε Αισχίν.· <i>ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν</i>, [[εκτός]] του οπτικού πεδίου κάποιου, σε Ηρόδ.· <i>κατ'ὀφθαλμούς</i>, κατά [[πρόσωπο]] με κάποιον, σε Αριστοφ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> στον ενικ., το [[μάτι]] του κυβερνήτη ή του ηγεμόνα· πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς [[ὀφθαλμός]], σε Ησίοδ.· ομοίως, ο [[βασιλιάς]] αποκαλείται <i>ὀφθαλμὸς οἴκων</i>, σε Αισχύλ.· και στην Περσία, <i>ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως</i>, το [[μάτι]] του βασιλιά, λεγόταν [[ένας]] [[έμπιστος]] [[αξιωματούχος]], μέσω του οποίου επέβλεπε τους υπηκόους του, σε Ηρόδ., Αριστοφ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> ἑσπέρας [[ὀφθαλμός]], νυκτὸς [[ὀφθαλμός]], λέγεται για το [[φεγγάρι]], σε Πίνδ.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b>ο πιο [[προσφιλής]], ο πιο [[αγαπητός]], ο [[καλύτερος]], [[καθώς]] τα μάτια είναι το πολυτιμότερο όργανο του σώματος· <i>ὀφθαλμὸς Σικελίας</i>, σε Πίνδ.· [[μέγας]] [[ὀφθαλμός]], [[μεγάλη]] [[ευμάρεια]], σε Σοφ.<br /><b class="num">V.</b> [[οφθαλμός]], [[μπόλι]], [[μπουμπούκι]] ή [[ανθός]] ενός φυτού ή ενός δέντρου, σε Ξεν.

|elrutext='''ὀφθαλμός:''' ὁ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[глаз]]: (ἐν) ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[ἰδεῖν]] Hom. видеть (собственными) глазами; τινὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσ(ιν) ὁρᾶν Hom., Soph. устремить на кого-л. взор; τινὸς ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς [[ἐλθέμεν]] Hom. предстать пред чьи-л. очи; τινὶ ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν [[γενέσθαι]] Her. удалиться прочь с чьих-л. глаз; κατ᾽ ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγειν Arph. говорить (прямо) в глаза; τὼ ὀφθαλμὼ παραβάλλειν Arph. поглядывать по сторонам; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἔχειν τινά Xen. не спускать глаз с кого-л., бдительно следить за кем-л.; τὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς Plat. то, что находится перед глазами; δεσπότου ὀ. Xen. хозяйский глаз; ἑσπέρας ὀ. Pind. в νυκτὸς ὀ. Aesch. вечернее (ночное) око, т. е. луна;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> бот. [[глазок или почка]] Xen.;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[краса]], [[гордость]] (στρατιᾶς, Σικελίας Pind.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[радость]], [[утешение]], [[сокровище]] (βίου Eur.).

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[eye]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Boeot. [[ὄκταλλος]], Epid. Lac. <b class="b3">ὀπτίλ(λ)ος</b>.<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μον-όφθαλμος</b> (<b class="b3">μουν-</b>) <b class="b2">with a single eye, one-eyed</b> (Hdt., Plb., Str.), <b class="b3">ἑτερ-όφθαλμος</b> [[bereft of one eye]] (D., Arist.); also as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμ-ωρύχος</b> [[digging out the eyes]] (A.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμ-ίδιον</b> n. dimin. (Ar.); 2. <b class="b3">-ία</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ίη</b> f. [[eye-disease]] (s. Scheller Oxytonierung 42f.) with <b class="b3">-ιάω</b> [[suffering from an eye-disease]] (IA.), with <b class="b3">-ίασις</b> f. (Plu., H.); 3. <b class="b3">-ίας</b> m. name of a kind of eagle (Lyc.), also of a fish (Plaut.; because of the fixed glance, Strömberg Fischnamen 42); 4. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to the eyes]], m. [[eye-doctor]] (Gal., Dsc.); 5. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> [[like eyes]] (gloss.). -- 6. Verbs [[ὀφθαλμίζομαι]] to [[be inoculated]] (Thphr.), [[to suffer from ὀ-ία]] (Plu.); with prep. <b class="b3">ἐν-ὀφθαλμ-ίζω</b> [[to inoculate]] (Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b> pass. (Delos) with <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> (Thphr.); also <b class="b3">-ιάζομαι</b> (Plu.); <b class="b3">ἐξ-οφθαλμ-ιάζω</b> [[to disregard]], [[to disparage]] (pap. IVp); <b class="b3">ἐπ-οφθαλμ-ίζω</b> (Pherecyd., Plu.), <b class="b3">-ιάω</b> (Plu., pap. IIIp), <b class="b3">-έω</b> (pap. IVp) [[to ogle]], [[to peep at]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Understandably the word has been derived from the root <b class="b3">ὀπ-</b> [[see]]. Variants are Boeot. [[ὄκταλλος]], Epid. Lac. <b class="b3">ὀπτίλ(λ)ος</b>. The group [[κτ]] : [[πτ]] : [[φθ]] ("mit altem [[κτ]] [but see below], analogischem [[πτ]] und expressivem [[φθ]]" (Frisk) [Schwyzer 299 bzw. Benveniste Origines 48]?) has been connected with the group [[kṣ]] in Skt. [[ákṣi]] [[eye]] Schwyzer 317 w. lit.). With the suppletive [[n-]]stem e.g. in gen. [[akṣ-ṇ-ás]] the [[l-]]stem in <b class="b3">ὀφθ-αλ-μός</b> would correspond (Specht 351n.1). "Die lautlichen Einzelheiten sind indessen nicht endgültig und eindeutig aufgeklärt" (Frisk). An IE laibo-velar before consonat became a labial, Lejeune Phonét. $ 42, so Frisks "mit altem [[κτ]]" is wrong. The rise of <b class="b3">-αλ(λ</b>)- cannot be explained from IE. The repeated attempts, to explain [[ὀφθαλμός]] as a compound, are all wrong (to [[θάλαμος]] Brugmann, s. Bq and WP. 1, 864). The variation cannot well be explained as IE, nor can the formation of [[ὀφθαλμός]]. [[ὄκταλλος]] has a Pre-Greek suffix, Beekes FS Kortlandt.; already Devel. 193); it continues a palatalized [[l]] (i.e. <b class="b2">*ly</b>, which was represented as a geminate). This leads to a PGr. reconstruction <b class="b2">*akʷt-aly-(m)-</b> (with <b class="b2">*a-</b> = ([[ο]]) before the labiovelar). Here the labiovelar could become a labial, but the labial element could also be ignored, which gave <b class="b3">ὀκτ-</b>. Aspiration was not phonemic in Pre-Greek, hence the variant <b class="b3">ὀφθ-</b> is unproblematic. In <b class="b3">ὀπτίλ(λ)ος</b> apparently the (second) <b class="b2">*a</b> became [[i]] through the following labialized consonant. The fact that PGr. <b class="b2">*akʷ-</b> strongly resembles IE <b class="b2">*h₃ekʷ-</b> is a mere coincidence, an accident that may be expected to occur here and there. -- Note the expressive geminate in <b class="b3">ὄκκον ὀφθαλμόν</b> H. (to Arm. [[akn]]? Meillet BSL 26, 15f.; s. also Lejeune Traité de phon. 72 n. 1); this word may well be of IE origin. -- For words derived from the IE root <b class="b3">ὀπ-</b> [[see]], s. [[ὄμμα]], [[ὄσσε]], [[ὄπωπα]]; cf. WP. 1, 169ff., Pok. 775ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[oculus]] etc.

|mdlsjtxt=[[ὀφθαλμός]], οῦ, ὁ, [from !οπ, Root of [[ὄψομαι]], [[ὀφθῆναι]]<br /><b class="num">I.</b> the eye, [[mostly]] in plural, Hom., etc.; [[ἐλθεῖν]] ἐς ὀφθαλμούς τινος to [[come]] [[before]] one's eyes, Il.; ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν [[before]] one's eyes, Lat. in oculis, Hom., [[attic]]; πρὸ τῶν ὀφθ. Aeschin.; ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν out of one's [[sight]], Hdt.; κατ' ὀφθαλμούς to one's [[face]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> in sg. the eye of a [[master]] or [[ruler]], πάντα ἰδὼν Διὸς ὀφθ. Hes.; so a [[king]] is called ὀφθ. οἴκων Aesch.; and in [[Persia]] ὀφθαλμὸς βασιλέως, the [[king]]'s eye, was a [[confidential]] [[officer]], [[through]] whom he beheld his subjects, Hdt., Ar., etc.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> ἑσπέρας ὀφθ., νυκτὸς ὀφθ., of the [[moon]], Pind.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> the dearest, [[best]], as the eye is the [[most]] [[precious]] [[part]] of the [[body]], ὀφθαλμὸς Σικελίας Pind.; [[μέγας]] [[ὀφθαλμός]] a [[great]] [[comfort]], Soph.<br /><b class="num">V.</b> the eye or bud of a [[plant]] or [[tree]], Xen.

Aasax: ila-t; Abau: nene; Abkhaz: а-ла; Adyghe: нэ; Afrikaans: oog; Aguaruna: hii; Ainu: シㇰ; Aiton: တႃ; Akan: ani; Akkadian: 𒅆; Albanian: sy; Aleut: dax̂; Alviri-Vidari Vidari: چیشم‎; Amharic: ዐይን; Apache Western Apache: bidáá; Apalaí: onu; Arabic: عَيْن‎; Egyptian Arabic: عين‎, عنيين‎ du, no proper plural; Gulf Arabic:‎; Hijazi Arabic: عين‎; Iraqi Arabic: عين‎; Lebanese Arabic: عين‎; Moroccan Arabic: عين‎; Aragonese: güello, uello; Aramaic Classical Syriac: ܥܝܢܐ‎; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: עֵינָא‎; Archi: лур; Armenian: աչք; Old Armenian: ակն, աչք; Aromanian: oclju; Assamese: চকু, আঁখি; Asturian: güeyu; Avar: бер; Aymara: naira; Azerbaijani: göz; Bahnar: măt; Bakhtiari: تی‎, تە‎; Balinese: mata, aksa; Baluchi: چم‎, چھم‎, تیلگ‎; Bambara: ɲɛ̀; Bashkir: күҙ; Basque: begi; Bats: ბჵარკ, ბωარკ; Bau Bidayuh: boton; Belarusian: во́ка; Bengali: চোখ, নয়ন, আঁখি; Bonan: nedong; Borôro: joku; Bouyei: dal, fusdal, legdal, ndanldal; Breton: lagad, daoulagad; Bulgarian: око́; Burmese: မျက်စိ; Buryat: нюдэн; Catalan: ull; Cebuano: mata; Central Dusun: mato; Central Melanau: mata; Chamicuro: ojki; Chechen: бӏаьрг; Chepang: मीक्‌; Cherokee: ᎠᎦᏙᎵ; Chichewa: diso; Chinese Cantonese: 眼, 眼睛; Dungan: нянҗин; Hakka: 目珠; Jin: 眼睛; Literary Chinese: 目; Mandarin: 眼睛, 眼; Min Dong: 目, 目睭; Min Nan: 目, 目睭; Wu: 眼睛, 眼; Chut: mə̆àt⁸; Chuvash: куҫ; Classical Nahuatl: īxtli; Coptic Bohairic: ⲃⲁⲗ, ⲓⲉⲣ, ⲓⲁⲧ; Sahidic: ⲃⲁⲗ, ⲉⲓⲉⲣ, ⲉⲓⲁⲧ; Cornish: lagas; Crimean Tatar: köz; Czech: oko; Dalmatian: uaclo, vaclo; Danish: øje; Darkinjung: mikkang; Dhivehi: ލޮަ‎; Dolgan: карак; Dongxiang: nudung; Drung: meq; Dutch: oog, kijker, gezichtsorgaan, oculus; Dzongkha: མིག་ཏོ; Eastern Eastern Cham: ꨟꨓꨩ; Eblaite: 𒀀𒈾𒈾; Erzya: сельме; Esperanto: okulo; Estonian: silm; Evenki: эса; Ewe: ŋku; Extremaduran: ohu; Fala: ollu; Faroese: eyga; Fijian: mata; Finnish: silmä; Franco-Provençal: uey; French: œil; Friulian: voli; Fula: yitere; Gagauz: göz; Galibi Carib: onu; Galician: ollo; Gamilaraay: mil; Georgian: თვალი; German: Auge; Alemannic German: Aug; Geser-Gorom: mata; Gilbertese: mata; Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉; Greek: μάτι, οφθαλμός, όμμα, ομμάτιον; Ancient Greek: ὀφθαλμός, ὄμμα, ὤψ, ὄσσε; Greenlandic: isi; Guaraní: resa, tesa; Gujarati: આંખ, નેણ; Gutnish: auga; Guugu Yimidhirr: miil, walgul; Haitian Creole: je; Hausa: idṑ, ijiya; Hawaiian: maka; Hebrew: עַיִן‎; Herero: eho; Hindi: आँख, नैन, नेत्र, नयन, लोचन, चक्षु, अक्षि, नैना, चश्म, ऐन; Hungarian: szem; Iban: mata; Icelandic: auga; Ido: okulo; Igbo: anya; Ilocano: mata; Inari Sami: čalme; Indonesian: mata; Ingrian: silmä; Ingush: бӏарг; Interlingua: oculo; Inuktitut: ᐃᔨ; Inupiaq: iri; Irish: súil; Old Irish: súil; Istriot: uocio; Italian: occhio; Iu Mien:'zing; Japanese: 目, 眼; Jarai: mơta; Javanese: mripat, ꦩꦠ; Old Javanese: mata; Jingpho: myi; Kabuverdianu: odju; Kabyle: tiṭ; Kala Lagaw Kalenjin: konyak; Kalmyk: нүдн; Kannada: ಕಣ್ಣು; Kanuri: shim; Kapampangan: mata; Kaqchikel: aq’awach; Karachay-Balkar: кёз; Karakalpak: ko'z; Karelian: silmä; Karok: yúup; Kashmiri: أچھ‎, چٔشِم‎, نیٔتھٕر‎; Kashubian: òkò; Kaurna: miina; Kavalan: mata; Kazakh: көз; Khakas: харах; Khasi: khmat; Khmer: ភ្នែក; Khoekhoe: mûs; Kikuyu: riitho, maitho; Komi-Permyak: син; Kongo: disu; Konkani: दोळो; Korean: 눈; Koryak: лылалӈын; Kumyk: гёз; Kurdish Central Kurdish: چاو‎; Laki: چەم‎; Northern Kurdish: çav; Southern Kurdish: چاو‎, چەو‎; Kyrgyz: көз; Ladin: uedl; Lakota: ištá; Laboya: mata; Lao: ຕາ; Latgalian: acs; Latin: oculus; Latvian: acs; Laz: toli, თოლი; Lezgi: вил; Ligurian: éuggio; Lingala: liso; Lithuanian: akis; Livonian: sīlma; Livvi: silmy; Lombard: occ, öcc; Low German: Oog; Luganda: liiso; Luhya: chimoni, emoni; Luiseño: tíiwilash; Lun Bawang: mateh; Luo: wang'; Luxembourgish: A; Lü: ᦎᦱ; Maasai: enkong'u; Macedonian: око; Malagasy: maso; Malay Jawi: مات‎, عين‎; Rumi: mata, ain; Malayalam: കണ്ണ്, നേത്രം; Maltese: għajn; Manchu: ᠶᠠᠰᠠ; Mandinka: ñaa; Mang: mat⁷; Manx: sooill; Maori: mata, karu, kaikamo; Marathi: डोळा, नयन, चक्षु; Mari Eastern Mari: шинча; Martuthunira: paniya, thurla; Mingrelian: თოლი; Mirandese: uolho; Mogholi: nodun, nüdün; Moksha: сельме; Mon: မတ်; Old Mon: mɔt; Mongolian: нүд; Muong: mặt; Mwani: riso; Nahuatl: ixtli, ixtelolohtli; Nanai: исал, насал, нисала, ӈасар; Nauruan: eme; Navajo: anááʼ; Neapolitan: uocchio; Nepali: आँखा; Newar: mi khā; Niuean: mata; Nobiin Fadicca: مانج; Kenzi: مسي; Nogai: коьз; Norman: yi; North Frisian: uug; Northern Amami-Oshima: 目; Northern Thai: ᨲᩣ; Norwegian Bokmål: øye; Nynorsk: auge, auga; Nuer: waŋ; Occitan: uèlh; Ojibwe: nishkiinzhig; Okinawan: 目; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: око; Glagolitic: ⱁⰽⱁ; Old East Slavic: око; Old English: ēage; Old Norse: øgha, auga; Old Occitan: olh; Old Prussian: ackis; Oriya: ଆଖି; Oromo: ija; Ossetian: цӕст; Ottoman Turkish: عین‎, چشم‎, عیون‎, چشمان‎, گوز‎; Pa'o Karen: မဲ့; Pacoh: mát; Palauan: mad; Pali: akkhi; Pashto: سترګه‎; Pennsylvania German: Aag; Persian: چشم‎; Phoenician: 𐤏𐤍‎, 𐤏𐤉𐤍‎; Piedmontese: euj; Pipil: -ish, -ix; Pitjantjatjara: kuṟu; Plautdietsch: Uag; Polabian: våťü; Polish: oko; Portuguese: olho; Powhatan: meskinsek; neskinsek; keskinsek; Punjabi: ਅੱਖ; Quechua: ñawi; Rajasthani: आंखड़ल्यां; Rapa Nui: mata; Rawang: ne; Rohingya: suk; Romani: jakh; Romanian: ochi; Romansch: egl, îgl, îl, ögl; Russian: глаз, о́ко; Rusyn: о́ко; Rutul: ул; Rwanda-Rundi: jisho, ijisho; S'gaw Karen: မဲာ်; Sami Inari: čalme; Kildin: чалльм; Lule: tjalmme; Northern: čalbmi; Skolt: čâʹlmm; Southern: tjelmie, tjälmie; Samoan: mata; Samogitian: akis; Sanskrit: नेत्र, नयन, लोचन, चक्षुष्, अक्षि; Santali: ᱢᱮᱫ; Sardinian: ociu, oclu, ocru, ogiu, oglu; Campidanese: ogu; Scottish Gaelic: sùil; Sebop: aten; Serbo-Croatian: glaz; Cyrillic: о̏ко; Roman: ȍko; Shan: တႃ; Shona: ziso; Shor: қарақ; Sichuan Yi: ꑓ; Sicilian: occhiu; Silesian: uoko; Sindhi: اک‎, अख; Sinhalese: ඇස; Slovak: oko; Slovene: oko; Slovincian: vʉ̀ɵ̯kɵ; Somali: indo, il; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: woko; Upper Sorbian: woko; Sotho: leihlo; Southern Altai: кӧс; Southern Amami-Oshima: 目; Southern Spanish: ojo; Sranan Tongo: ai; Sumerian: 𒅆; Sundanese: panon, soca; Svan: თე; Swahili: jicho; Swazi: lî-só; Swedish: öga; Sylheti: ꠌꠃꠈ; Tagal Murut: mato; Tagalog: mata; Tahitian: mata; Tai Dam: ꪔꪱ; Tajik: чашм; Talysh: چم‎; Tamil: கண்; Tangut: 𗑉; Taos: cínemą; Tat: çüş; Tatar: күз; Telugu: కన్ను, నేత్రము; Tetum: matan; Thai: ตา; Tibetan: མིག, སྤྱན; Tigrinya: ዓይኒ; Timugon Murut: mato; Tiwi: -akirli-; Tocharian A: ak; Tocharian B: ek; Tofa: карак; Tok Pisin: ai; Tokelauan: mata; Toku-No-Shima: 目; Tol: nan; Tongan: mata; Tourangeau: gieuil; Tswana: leitlhô; Tupinambá: esá; Turkish: göz; Turkmen: göz; Tutelo: tasui; Tuvan: карак; Tzotzil: satil; Udi: пул; Udmurt: синь; Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎊𐎐; Ukrainian: о́ко; Urdu: آنکھ‎, نین‎, نیتر‎; Uyghur: كۆز‎; Uzbek: koʻz; Venda: iṱo; Venetian: òcio; Vietnamese: mắt; Vilamovian: aojg; Volapük: log; Votic: silmä; Wallisian: mata; Walloon: ouy, iy; Wambaya: murlu; Waray-Waray: matá; Warlpiri: milpa; Welsh: llygad; West Coast Bajau: moto; West Frisian: each; White Hmong: muag; Winnebago: hišjasu; Wolof: bët; Xhosa: iliso; Yagara: mil; Yakut: харах; Yami: mata; Yiddish: אויג‎; Yoruba: ojú; Yucatec Maya: ich; Yup'ik: ii; Yámana: tala; Zazaki: çım, çim; Zealandic: oôge; Zhuang: da, ha, ra; Zulu: iso 5 or 6, ihlo 5 or 6; ǃXóõ: !ʻûĩ