μάντις: Difference between revisions

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 |elrutext='''μάντις:''' εως ἡ зоол. кузнечик или богомол (Mantis religiosa) Theocr.<br />εως, ион. ιος ὁ и ἡ (ῐο, иногда ῑο) прорицатель(ница), предсказатель(ница) (μάντεις καὶ χρησμολόγοι Thuc.; οἱ μάντεις [[πῶς]] ἀμφίβολα λέγουσιν Arst.): οὐδεὶς μ. τῶν μελλόντων Soph. никто не может предсказать грядущее.
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+{{etym
+|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. and f.<br />Meaning: [[seer]], [[prophet]] (Il.); also name of a plant (Nic.), a grasshopper, <b class="b2">praying manti</b> (Theoc., Dsc.), a garden-frog (H.); as announcing the weather, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 79.<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>.<br />Compounds: often as 2. member in the tragics, e.g. <b class="b3">ἰατρό-μαντις</b> <b class="b2">soothsayer, who is also a physician</b> (A.), cf. Risch IF 59, 272f. Rarely as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μαντι-πόλος</b> [[predicting]] (E. in anap., Orac. ap. Luc., Man.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">μαντεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> <b class="b2">regarding the soothsayer, prophetic</b> (P., trag.; after <b class="b3">βασιλεῖος</b> etc.), <b class="b3">μαντεῖον</b>, <b class="b3">-ήϊον</b> n. <b class="b2">oracle, place of an oracle</b> (μ 272). 2. <b class="b3">μαντικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, <b class="b3">μαντική</b> (<b class="b3">τέχνη</b>) <b class="b2">the art of seeing</b> (IA.; Chantraine Études 130 a. 143). 3. <b class="b3">μαντῳ̃ος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP; after <b class="b3">ἡρῳ̃ος</b> a. o.). 4. <b class="b3">μαντοσύνη</b> <b class="b2">gift of prophecy</b> (Il., Pi., Emp.; after <b class="b3">ἱππο-σύνη</b> etc., Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 24f., Porzig Satzinhalte 226), <b class="b3">-συνος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the seer, oracle</b> (Corinna, E. in lyr.; Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 42). 5. <b class="b3">μαντεύομαι</b>, late also <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, <b class="b2">prophesy, predict, ask an oracle</b> (Il., after <b class="b3">βασιλεύειν</b> etc.; cf. Schwyzer 732) with <b class="b3">μαντεία</b>, <b class="b3">-είη</b>, <b class="b3">η-ΐη</b> <b class="b2">prophecy, the gift of prophecy, oracle</b> (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 9), <b class="b3">μάντευμα</b> [[oracle]] (Pi., trag.), <b class="b3">μαντευτής</b> = <b class="b3">μάντις</b> (Hdt.), <b class="b3">-εύτρια</b> (Sch.). - PN <b class="b3">Μάντιος</b> (Od.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [726] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[think]]?<br />Etymology: As masc. concretum, esp. as nom. agentis in <b class="b3">-τι-</b>, <b class="b3">μάντις</b> is rather isolated; similar only <b class="b3">μάρπτις</b> [[brigand]] (A. Supp. 826 f.; text defect), <b class="b3">πόρτις</b> [[calf]]; quite uncertain the PN <b class="b3">Σίντιες</b> (Lemnos; <b class="b3">σίνομαι</b>?, s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 76). It lies at hand, to take it like <b class="b3">φάτις</b> as an original abstract fem. (Brugmann; e.g. 4239); on the question Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 40f., G. Liebert Das Nominalsuffix -ti- im Aind. (Lund 1949) 142ff. After Benveniste Origines 83 we should rather reconstruct an old neuter <b class="b3">*τὸ μάντι</b> [[divination]]; but <b class="b3">μαντι-πόλος</b>, adduced by B., can easily be explained differently, s. above. In nay case <b class="b3">μάντις</b> belongs to <b class="b3">μαίνομαι</b>, <b class="b3">μανῆναι</b> (<b class="b3">ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ μαίνεται</b> Hdt. 4, 79; rejected by v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 40); semantically agrees the formally cognate but differently built Skt. <b class="b2">múni-</b> m. [[illuminated]], [[seer]] (rejected by Mayrhofer KEWA 2, 654); in the West there is a different word for it (Lat. [[vātēs]] etc.; Porzig Gliederung 127). The <b class="b2">ti-</b>deriv. in Lat. [[mens]] etc. is qua content far off.<br />See also: Weiteres s. [[μέμονα]] und [[μένος]].
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