ὀλίγος: Difference between revisions

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 {{etym
 |etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[little]], [[inferior]] (Il.), [[few]] (posthom.); cf. the lit. on <b class="b3">μικρός</b>.<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ὀλιγ-αρχ-ία</b> f. <b class="b2">rule of the few, oligarchy</b> (IA; after <b class="b3">μοναρχία</b>, s. <b class="b3">μόνος</b>) with <b class="b3">ὀλιγαρχ-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ικός</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">-ης</b> m. (D. H.) On <b class="b3">ὀλιγ-ηπελέων</b> s. v., on <b class="b3">ὀλιγο-δρανέων</b> s. <b class="b3">δράω</b>, on <b class="b3">ὀλίγ-ωρος</b> s. <b class="b3">ὤρα</b>.<br />Derivatives: Comp. forms: <b class="b3">ὀλίγ-ιστος</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ὀλίζων</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ὀλείζων</b> (Att. inscr.; after <b class="b3">μείζων</b>); Seiler Steigerungsformen 101 ff. <b class="b3">ὀλιγότης</b>,. <b class="b3">-ητος</b> f. <b class="b2">small number</b> (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">ὀλιγόομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">to become small, fainthearted, to diminish</b> (LXX); <b class="b3">ὀλιγ-άκις</b> <b class="b2">seldom (Ion.)</b>, <b class="b3">-αχόθεν</b> <b class="b2">from few places</b> (Hdt., Arist.), <b class="b3">-αχοῦ</b> <b class="b2">in few places</b> (Pl., Arist.). Also <b class="b3">ὀλίγιοι εἶδος ἀκρίδων</b>. <b class="b3">τινές ῥιζίον</b>, <b class="b3">ὅμοιον βολβῳ̃</b> H. (s. Gil Fernandez <b class="b2">Nombres de insectos</b> 95) ? But the correct form seems to be <b class="b3">ὄλιγγοι</b> (Latte) s.v.; connection with <b class="b3">λιγύς</b> does not help; the word is Pre-Greek?<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [to be added] <b class="b2">*h₃lig-</b> [[little]]<br />Etymology: The adj. can be identcal with Arm. <b class="b2">aɫk`at</b> [[poor]] (< <b class="b2">*oliko-</b> < <b class="b2">*h₃ligo-</b>). Alb. [[lig]] [[angry]], [[meagre]], but this may rather belong to <b class="b3">λοιγός</b> [[ruin]] (s. v.). Less clear are OIr. [[liach]] [[miserable]], [[unhappy]] and OPr. [[licuts]] [[small]] (which fits well semantically), which have <b class="b2">*k</b>. There is no reason to connect [[λοιγός]] [[ruin]].
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+{{mdlsj
+|mdlsjtxt=!ὀλί˘γος, η, ον<br /><b class="num">I.</b> of Number or Quantity, few, [[little]], [[scanty]], [[small]], opp. to [[πολύς]], Hom., etc.; the governing [[body]] in Oligarchies was called οἱ ὀλίγοι, Thuc., etc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. inf. too few to do a [[thing]], Hdt., Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of Size, [[little]], [[small]], opp. to [[μέγας]], Hom.; [[ὀλίγον]] ἢ [[οὐδέν]] [[little]] or [[nothing]], Plat.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> neut. [[ὀλίγον]] as adv., [[little]], a [[little]], [[slightly]], Hom., Eur.; with comp. Adjs., [[ὀλίγον]] [[προγενέστερος]] Il.; ὀλ. [[ἧσσον]] Od.; so, ὀλ. τι [[πρότερον]] Hdt.; but ὀλίγῳ is [[more]] [[common]] with the comp. in Prose, Hdt., etc.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> [[special]] phrases:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> ὀλίγου [[δεῖν]] almost, ὀλίγοῦ ἐδέησε [[καταλαβεῖν]] wanted but [[little]] of overtaking, Hdt.:—[[hence]] ὀλίγου [[alone]], all but, almost, Od., [[attic]]; ὀλίγου ἐς χιλίους [[hard]] [[upon]] 1000, Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> δι' ὀλίγου (sc. χώροὐ at a [[short]] [[distance]], Aesch., etc.: also, δι' ὀλίγου (sc. χρόνοὐ at [[short]] [[notice]], [[suddenly]], Thuc.:— δι' ὀλίγων in few words, Plat.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> ἐν ὀλίγῳ (sc. χώρῳ) in a [[small]] [[space]], [[within]] [[small]] [[compass]], Thuc.:—also, ἐν ὀλίγῳ (sc. χρόνῳ) in a [[short]] [[time]], [[suddenly]], Plat., NTest.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> ἐν ὀλίγοις one [[among]] few, i. e. [[exceedingly]], [[remarkably]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> ἐξ ὀλίγου = δι' ὀλίγου, of [[Time]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> ἐς [[ὀλίγον]] [[within]] a [[little]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> κατ' [[ὀλίγον]] by [[little]] and [[little]], Thuc.; but the adj. often takes the [[gender]] and [[number]] of its Subst., κατ' ὀλίγους few at a [[time]], in [[small]] parties, Hdt., Thuc.<br /><b class="num">8.</b> μετ' [[ὀλίγον]] τούτων [[shortly]] [[after]] these things, Xen.<br /><b class="num">9.</b> παρ' [[ὀλίγον]] [[within]] a [[little]], almost, Eur.:—but, παρ' ὀλ. ποιεῖσθαι to [[hold]] of [[small]] [[account]], Xen.<br /><b class="num">V.</b> the adv. [[ὀλίγως]] is [[rare]], οὐκ [[ὀλίγως]] Anth.<br /><b class="num">VI.</b> Comparison:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> the comp. is [[commonly]] supplied by [[μείων]], [[ἥσσων]] or [[ἐλάσσων]]; the [[form]] [[ὀλίζων]], ονος, is [[rare]].<br /><b class="num">2.</b> Sup. [[ὀλίγιστος]], η, ον, Il., [[attic]]:— ὀλίγιστον or τὸ ὀλ., as adv., Lat. [[minime]], Plat.; ὡς ὀλίγιστα Plat.
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