καίω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. κάω [ᾱ], impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔκαιον <span class="bibl">Od.9.553</span>, Att. <b class="b3">ἔκᾱον</b>, Ep. καῖον <span class="bibl">Il. 21.343</span>: fut. καύσω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.21</span>, (ἐπι-) <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.186.4</span>, (κατα-) <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Lys.</span>1218</span>; also καύσομαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1054</span>: aor. 1 ἔκαυσα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>1088</span>, <span class="bibl">Th. 7.80</span> (bis), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>456b</span>, etc.; Ep. <b class="b3">ἔκηα</b> (certain Act. and Med. forms have <b class="b3">κει-</b> in codd. of Hom., v. infr.), ἔκηα <span class="bibl">Il.1.40</span>, al.; 3sg. <b class="b3">ἔκηε</b> (ν) <span class="bibl">22.170</span>, <span class="bibl">24.34</span>, al.; unaugm. κῆεν <span class="bibl">21.349</span>; 3pl. <b class="b3">ἔκηαν</b> (v.l. [[ἔκειαν]]) <span class="bibl">Od.22.336</span>; imper. κεῖον <span class="bibl">21.176</span> codd.; 1pl. subj. κείομεν <span class="bibl">Il.7.333</span> (κατα-), <span class="bibl">377</span>, <span class="bibl">396</span> (better attested than <b class="b3">κήομεν</b>); opt. <b class="b3">κήαι, κήαιεν</b>, <span class="bibl">21.336</span>, <span class="bibl">24.38</span>; inf. κῆαι <span class="bibl">Od.15.97</span> (v.l. [[κεῖαι]]), κατα-κῆαι <span class="bibl">10.533</span>, <span class="bibl">11.46</span>, <b class="b3">κακκῆαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">74</span> (v.l. [[κακκεῖαι]]); part. κείαντες <span class="bibl">9.231</span>, <span class="bibl">13.26</span>, Att. κέαντες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>849</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>757</span>, (ἐκ-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>97</span>, ἐκκέας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1133</span> (lyr.), ἐγκέαντι <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.96,261: pf. <b class="b3">κέκαυκα</b> (κατα-, προσ-) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.37</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.124.3</span>:—Med., aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἐκαυσάμην</b> (ἀν-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.202</span>, <span class="bibl">8.19</span>; Ep. <b class="b3">κείαντο, κειάμενοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.88</span>,<span class="bibl">234</span>; κειάμενος <span class="bibl">Od.16.2</span>, <span class="bibl">23.51</span>:—Pass., fut. καυθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Mul.</span>107</span>, (κατα-, ἐκ-) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1505</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 362a</span>; late κᾰήσομαι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>3.15</span>: aor. 1 ἐκαύθην <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>4.4</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Int.</span> 28</span>, (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.74</span>; Ep. and Ion.aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐκάην</b> [ᾰ] <span class="bibl">Il.9.212</span> (κατ-), <span class="bibl">Od.12.13</span>, (δί-) <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>40</span>, (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.180</span>; inf. καήμεναι Il.&lt;*&gt;<span class="bibl">3.210</span>, καῆναι <span class="bibl">Parth.9.8</span>: pf. κέκαυμαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>457</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.34</span>, etc., κέκαυσμαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>28</span>; inf. κεκαῦσθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>343a9</span>. (From <b class="b3">κᾰϝ-</b>yw.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">kindle</b>, πυρὰ πολλά <span class="bibl">Il.9.77</span>; πῦρ κείαντες <span class="bibl">Od.9.231</span>; πῦρ κῆαι <span class="bibl">15.97</span>, etc.:—Med., <b class="b3">πῦρ κείαντο</b> <b class="b2">they lighted them</b> a fire, <span class="bibl">Il.9.88</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">234</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.2</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be lighted, burn</b>, πυραὶ νεκύων καίοντο <span class="bibl">Il.1.52</span>; θεείου καιομένοιο <span class="bibl">8.135</span>; καιομένοιο πυρός <span class="bibl">19.376</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1372</span>, etc.; φῶς πυρὸς καόμενον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>514b</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ φλόγες αἱ καιόμεναι . . περὶ τὸν οὐρανόν</b> the meteors <b class="b2">which blaze</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>341b2</span>; of ore, <b class="b2">to be smelted</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>552b10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">set on fire, burn</b>, <b class="b3">μηρία, ὀστέα</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.553</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>557</span>; νεκρούς <span class="bibl">Il.21.343</span>; <b class="b3">δένδρεα</b> ib. <span class="bibl">338</span>:—Pass., νηυσὶν καιομένῃσιν <span class="bibl">9.602</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">make hot</b>, of the sun, ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.104</span>: abs., ibid., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>413b</span>; [<b class="b3">Χείμαρρος</b>] ἠελίῳ κεκαυμένος <b class="b2">smelted</b>, AP9.277 (Antiphil.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of extreme cold, ἡ Χιὼν καίει τῶν κυνῶν τὰς ῥῖνας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>8.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.26</span> (Pass.); κάειν λέγεται . . τὸ ψυχρόν, οὐχ ὡς τὸ θερμόν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>382b8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Pass., of fever-heat, τὰ ἐντὸς ἐκάετο <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>: metaph., of passion, esp. of love, <b class="b2">to be on fire</b>, ἐν φρασὶ καιομένα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.219</span>; κάομαι τὴν καρδίαν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>9</span>; ἔρως . . ὕβρει καόμενος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>783a</span>; <b class="b3">καίεσθαί τινος</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔρωτι</b>) <span class="bibl">Hermesian.7.37</span>, <span class="bibl">Charito 4.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Parth.14.2</span>; also <b class="b3">καομένη Ἑλλάς</b> Greece <b class="b2">being in a fever</b> of excitement, <span class="bibl">Lys.33.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">suffer from inflammation</b>, ἐκαύθη ἔσω <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>4.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">burn and destroy</b> (in war), <b class="b3">τέμνειν καὶ κ., κ. καὶ πορθεῖν</b>, <b class="b2">waste with fire</b> and sword, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.2.15</span>, <span class="bibl">6.5.27</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> of surgeons, <b class="b2">cauterize</b>, ὤμους <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>11</span>:—in Pass., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aph.</span>6.60</span>: abs., <b class="b3">τέμνειν καὶ κάειν</b> <b class="b2">to use</b> knife and <b class="b2">cautery</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>480c</span>,<span class="bibl">521e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.8.18</span>, etc.: rarely reversed, κέαντες ἢ τεμόντες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>849</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">burn</b> or <b class="b2">bake</b> pottery, <b class="b3">κανθάρους</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">Phryn.Com.15</span>.</span>