miles: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>mīlĕs</b>: (MEILES, Inscr. Mur. 582; [[late]] form, milex, Gromat. Vet. p. 246, 19), ĭtis, comm. Sanscr [[root]] mil-, to [[unite]], [[combine]]; cf.: [[mille]], milites, [[quod]] trium millium [[primo]] [[legio]] fiebat, ac singulae [[tribus]] Titiensium, Ramnium, Lucerum milia singula militum mittebant, Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 Müll.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[soldier]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen.: [[miles]], qui locum non tenuit, Cic. Clu. 46, 128: legere milites, to [[levy]], [[raise]], Pompei, ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 a, 3: scribere, to [[enlist]], enroll, Sall. J. 43, 3: deligere, Liv. 29, 1: ordinare, to form [[into]] companies, id. ib.: mercede conducere, to [[hire]], [[take]] [[into]] one's [[pay]], id. ib. 29, 5: dimittere, to [[dismiss]], Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: [[miles]] [[tremulus]], i. e. [[Priam]], Juv. 10, 267: [[miles]] cum [[die]], qui [[prodictus]] [[sit]], aberat, [[neque]] [[excusatus]] erat, [[infrequens]] dabatur, Gell. 16, 4, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., of [[foot]]-soldiers, [[infantry]], in opp. to [[eques]]: [[tripartito]] milites equitesque in expeditionem inisit, Caes. B. G. 5, 10: v. [[eques]].—Opp. to the [[general]]: [[miles]] [[gregarius]], or [[miles]] [[alone]], a [[common]] [[soldier]], [[private]]: strenui militis et boni imperatoris officia [[simul]] exsequebatur, Sall. C. 60, 4; id. J. 62; Vell. 2, 18, 1 volgus militum, Liv. 22, 30, 7: maritim as, a [[soldier]] in [[sea]]-[[service]], [[marine]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Collect., the [[soldiery]], the [[army]] (esp. freq. in the postAug. per.), Liv. 22, 57 fin.; Verg. A. 2, 495; Vell. 1, 15, 1; 2, 78, 2; Tac. A. 1, 2; 24; 2, 16; Juv. 10, 155; 16, 18 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Under the emperors, an [[armed]] [[servant]] of the [[emperor]], [[court]]-[[official]], Cod. Th. 11, 1, 34; Dig. 4, 6, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> A chessman, [[pawn]], in the [[game]] of chess: [[discolor]] ut [[recto]] grassetur limite [[miles]], Ov. Tr. 2, 477.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Fem., of a [[woman]] [[who]] is in [[childbed]] for the [[first]] [[time]]: et [[rudis]] ad partūs et nova [[miles]] eram, Ov. H. 11, 48.—Of a [[nymph]] in the [[train]] of [[Diana]]: [[miles]] erat Phoebes, Ov. M. 2, 415.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> (Eccl. Lat.) Of a [[servant]] of God or of Christ, [[struggling]] [[against]] [[sin]], etc.: [[bonus]] Christi, Vulg. 2 Tim. 2, 3.

{{Georges

|georg=mīles, [[itis]], c. (viell. zu griech. ὅ-μιλος, [[Haufe]]), der [[Soldat]], I) im allg.: a) eig. (Sing. [[oft]] kollektiv, s. Mützell Curt. 3, 1. § 1): tribuni militum, Caes.: militum [[introitus]] ([[Einzug]]), Caes.: milites Antoniani, Caes., [[Romani]], Sullani, Iugurthini, Sall.: milites argentati, aurati, Liv.: [[miles]] [[auxiliarius]] (Ggstz. [[legionarius]]), Asin. Poll. in Cic. ep.: milites auxiliarii, Liv.: milites gregarii, Cic.: milites legionarii decimae legionis, Caes.: milites maritimi, Plaut.: [[miles]] [[mercennarius]], Liv.: milites mercennarii, Nep.: milites [[novi]], Sall. u. Liv., [[veteres]], Sall.: [[miles]] [[tumultuarius]], Sen.: segnes [[atque]] inutiles [[rei]] publicae milites, Liv.: [[miles]] [[statarius]], Liv.: [[miles]] [[vernaculus]], [[miles]] vernaculae legionis, Auct. b. Alex.: milites veterani, Caes.: [[vetus]] [[miles]], Ggstz. [[tiro]], Liv.: milites voluntarii, Liv. – milites armari (ins [[Gewehr]] [[treten]]) iubet, Caes.: iis (armis) [[censeo]] armetis milites, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep.: avocare milites a signis, Traian. in Plin. ep.: colligere milites Pachyno e terrestri praesidio, Cic.: conducere milites in unum, Sall.: conducere mercede milites, Liv.: conscribere voluntarios paucos milites, Liv.: conscribere milites ex [[Asia]], Lentul. in Cic. ep., in Epiro [[atque]] [[Aetolia]], Caes.: contrahere dispersos milites in unum, Sall. (u. so quodcumque militum contrahere poteritis, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep.): dare ([[stellen]]) milites, Liv.: deligere ex legionibus plurimorum stipendiorum milites, Liv.: dimittere milites, Cic., veteranos milites, Caes.: disponere milites certis spatiis intermissis, Caes.: legere milites, [[Pompeius]] in Cic. ep. u. Liv.: legere militem, verb. legere militem exercitumque conscribere, Iustin.: voluntarios milites ordinare centuriareque, in die verschiedenen Waffengattungen [[einreihen]] u. in Zenturien [[abteilen]], Liv.: scribere ([[ausheben]]) milites, Sall. u. Liv.: scribere milites in snpplementum, Liv. – v. [[Offizier]], Plaut. u. Ter. – u. (= [[miles]] [[gregarius]]) v. gemeinen Soldaten (im Ggstz. zu den Offizieren), Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 14, 15). – zur [[Kaiserzeit]] [[auch]] [[von]] niederen kaiserl. Beamten, die Waffen trugen u. zum Militäretat gehörten, [[spät]]. ICt. – b) übtr.: α) v. Pers.: [[rudis]] ad [[partus]] et nova [[miles]] [[eram]], [[Neuling]], Ov.: [[miles]] erat Phoebes, war gleichs. die Trabantin (v. [[einer]] [[Nymphe]]), Ov.: [[Carneades]] [[laboriosus]] et [[diuturnus]] sapientiae [[miles]], [[Kämpfer]], [[Streiter]] [[für]] d. W., Val. Max. 8, 7. ext. 5. – β) der [[Stein]] im [[Brett]]- od. Kriegsspiel, Ov. trist. 2, 477. – II) insbes., milites [[oft]] = Fußsoldaten, [[Fußgänger]] (im Ggstz. zu equites, das gew. dabeisteht od. vorhergeht), Caes., Liv. u.a. – [[ebenso]] Sing. [[miles]] kollektiv im Ggstz. zu [[eques]], Liv. u.a. Vgl. Drak. u. Fabri Liv. 22, 37, 7. – / Archaist. Nbf. [[meiles]], Plur. meilites, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1. no. 204. lin. 7 u. 10 sqq. – Spät. Nbf. a) [[milex]], Gromat. vet. 246, 19. Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 3637. – b) milis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 14, 241; vgl. Prob. inst. 126, 36 u. app. 197, 28.

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