ἕκαστος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">each</b>, opp. the whole body, <span class="bibl">Il.2.805</span>, etc. : sg. with pl. Verb, <b class="b3">ἔβαν οἶκόνδε ἕκαστος</b> they went home <b class="b2">each</b> to his own house, <span class="bibl">1.606</span> ; δεδμήμεσθα ἕκαστος <span class="bibl">5.878</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.158</span> ; so in Att., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span> 785</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>327e</span>, etc. ; ὅτι ἕκαστος ἐπίστασθε ἀγαθόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>3.3</span> : sg. in apposition with pl. Noun or Pron., which expresses the whole, Τρῶας δὲ τρόμος αἰνὸς ὑπήλυθε γυῖα ἕκαστον <span class="bibl">Il.7.215</span> ; ὔμμι..ἑκάστῳ <span class="bibl">15.109</span> ; αἱ δὲ γυναῖκες..θαύμαζον..ἑκάστη <span class="bibl">18.496</span>, etc. ; Περσίδες δ'.. ἑκάστα..λείπεται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>135</span> (lyr.) ; <b class="b3">αἱ ἄλλαι πᾶσαι</b> [<b class="b3">τέχναι</b>] τὸ αὑτῆς ἑκάστη ἔργον ἐργάζεται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>346d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>503e</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅστις ἕκαστος</b> <b class="b2">every one</b> which.. (nisi leg. <b class="b3">ὥς τις</b>), <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>459</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> the Art. is sts. added to the Subst. (so regularly in earlier Att. Inscrr., <span class="title">IG</span>12.22.14, al., exc. <b class="b3">ἑκάστου μηνός</b> ib.6.125) with which <b class="b3">ἕκαστος</b> agrees, in which case <b class="b3">ἕκαστος</b> is commonly put first, <b class="b3">καθ' ἑ. τὴν ἡμέραν</b> <b class="b2">every single</b> day, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.211</span>, etc. ; περὶ ἑ. τῆς τέχνης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>274e</span> : also following the Subst., κατὰ τὸν οξπλίτην ἕκαστον <span class="bibl">Th.5.49</span> ; κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν ἑκάστην <span class="bibl">Id.6.63</span>, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in pl., <b class="b2">all and each severally</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.550</span>, al., <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>932</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">οἷστισιν ἑκάστοις</b> to whichsoever <b class="b2">severally</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 799a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">each</b> of two or more groups or parties, <span class="bibl">Od.9.164</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.169</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>491</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.77</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> strengthd. by the addition of other Prons., <b class="b3">εἷς ἕ</b>. (v. <b class="b3">εἷς</b>) ; εἷς τις ἕ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>262</span> ; <b class="b3">ἕκαστός τις</b> <b class="b2">each</b> one, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>4.92</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.45</span>, etc. ; ταῦτα ἕκαστα <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.13</span>, etc. ; αὔθ' ἕκαστα <b class="b2">all in exact detail</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>950</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with Preps., esp. κατά, καθ' ἕκαστον <b class="b2">singly, by itself</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>188a</span>, al. ; καθ' ἕ. καὶ σύμπαντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Sph.</span>259b</span> ; <b class="b3">τὸ καθ' ἕ., τὰ καθ' ἕκαστα</b>, <b class="b2">particulars</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>189a6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span> 1143b4</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">παρ' ἕκαστον, παρ' ἕκαστα</b>, in <b class="b2">every case</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.4.82.5</span>,<span class="bibl">3.57.4</span>, etc. ; παρ' ἕκαστον καὶ ἔργον καὶ λόγον διδάσκοντες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>325d</span> ; <b class="b3">παρ' ἕκαστον λέγων</b> <b class="b2">constantly</b> interjecting, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>48</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> ὡς ἕκαστοι <b class="b2">each by himself</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.79</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.15</span>, etc. : in sg., τῶν δὲ ὡς ἑκάστῳ θύειν θέλει <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.132</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.98</span> ; οὐχ ὡς ἕ. ἀλλὰπάντες <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1292a12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1283b34</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> later, = [[ἑκάτερος]], <span class="bibl">D.H.3.2</span> codd. (ϝέκαστος <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.9, al., <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 409.4 (Elis), <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334.9 (Locris). Apptly. connected with <b class="b3">ἑκάς</b> by <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>423</span>.)</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0751.png Seite 751]] <b class="b2">jeder</b>, bes. jeder Einzelne, im Gegensatz einer Vielheit oder Gesammtheit; jeder Einzelne in seiner besonderen Beziehung, in welchem Falle auch der plur. steht, wie ῥᾳδίως ἕκαστοι τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀπολείποντες Thuc. 1, 2. Bei Hom. steht es gew. als Apposition in gleichem Casus mit dem allgemeinen Begriff, Τρῶας ἕκαστον ὑπήλυθε [[τρόμος]], jeden Troer, Il. 7, 215: ὐμμι κακὸν πέμπει ἑκάστῳ, euch u. zwar einem Jeden, 15, 109; γυναῖκες ἐθαύμαζον ἑκάστη 18, 496; αὐτὰ ἕκαστα ἔλεγον Her. 5, 13; Thuc. 6, 93 u. A.; sonst steht im Attischen in diesem Fall der Genitiv, ἑκάστη τῶν ἐπιστημῶν, τῶν τεχνῶν, Plat. Parm. 134 a Rep. I, 341 d. Doch Hdn. 4, 13, 16 καὶ οἱ μὲν [[ἕκαστος]] εἰς τὰς στέγας ἐπανῄεσαν. – Das Verbum steht oft im plur. dabei; τῶν πάντων οἱ [[ἕκαστος]] ὄϊν δώσουσι μέλαιναν Il. 10, 215; ἔμενον ἐν τῇ [[ἑωυτοῦ]] τάξι [[ἕκαστος]] Her. 3, 158; 7, 144; καθ' ὅσον ἐδύναντο [[ἕκαστος]] Plat. Prot. 327 e; οἱ ἄλλοι πάντες δημιουργοὶ βλέποντες πρὸς τὸ ἑαυτῶν [[ἔργον]] [[ἕκαστος]] Gorg. 503 e; ὅ, τι [[ἕκαστος]] ἐπίστασθε Xen. Conv. 3, 3; ὅπη ἐδύναντο [[ἕκαστος]] An. 4, 2, 12; auch so, daß auf ein [[ἕκαστος]] sich κατὰ τὴν αὐτῶν οὐσίαν bezieht, Plat. Phileb. 48 e. – Gew. steht das subst. dabei ohne Artikel; hat das subst. den Artikel, so steht [[ἕκαστος]] entweder nach, oft in der Bdtg. jedesmalig, τὸν δήμαρχον ἕκαστον Her. 3, 6; τῆς ἡμέρας ἑκάστης Thuc. 5, 47; εἰς τὸ [[ἔργον]] ἕκαστον Plat. Crat. 389 c; Rep. I, 339 c; oder vor, wo sich der Artikel auf eine folgende Bestimmung bezieht, ἐξ ἑκάστων τῶν [[πόλεων]], δι' ὧν ἐξέρχεται Prot. 315 a; oder wo das Einzelne hervorgehoben wird, ἑκάστη ἡ [[ἐπιστήμη]] Parm. 134 a; ἕκαστον τὸ [[ἔθνος]] Xen. An. 1, 8, 9. – Ὅστις [[ἕκαστος]], jeder welcher, Hes. Th. 459; vgl. Plat. Legg. VII, 799 a; – εἷς [[ἕκαστος]], s. εἷς; – αὐτὸς [[ἕκαστος]], selbst jeder, Her. u. a., bes. αὐτὰ ἕκαστα, alles u. jedes, φράζειν, λέγειν, Aesch. Prom. 952 Her. 5, 13, vgl. [[αὐθέκαστος]]; – ἕκαστός τις, ein jeder, Pind. N. 4, 92; Soph. Ant. 262; Thuc. 9, 31; – καθ' ἕκαστον, einzeln für sich, wie ὡς [[ἕκαστος]], jeder für sich, Thuc. 5, 4 u. oft bei Attikern. – Erst bei Sp. für [[ἑκάτερος]], Dion. Hal. 3, 2. 6, 42.