σάλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[<b class="b3">ᾰ], ὁ</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">tossing motion</b>, of an earthquake, χθονὸς νῶτα σεισθῆναι σάλῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>46</span>; esp. <b class="b2">rolling swell</b> of the sea, <b class="b3">πόντου σ., πόντιος σ</b>., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>1443</span>: pl., <b class="b3">πόντιοι σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Or.</span>994</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[open roadstead]], [[roads]], opp. a harbour, <b class="b3">ἐν σάλῳ στῆναι</b>, = [[σαλεύειν]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>; ἀλίμενον μὲν σάλους δὲ ἔχον <span class="bibl">Plb.1.53.10</span>; οὔτε λιμὴν οὔτε σ. ἐπ' ἀγκύρας <span class="bibl">D.S.3.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Agatharch.92</span>, <span class="title">Peripl.M.Rubr.</span>7 (pl.), 55. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of ships or persons in them, <b class="b2">tossing on the sea</b>, ἐκ πολλοῦ σ. εὕδοντ' ἐπ' ἀκτῆς <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>271</span>; σάλον εἶχεν ἡ θάλασσα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Luc.</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">καρηβαρεῖν ὑπὸ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">Herm.</span>28</span>; ἐν τοσούτῳ σ. ναυτιάσαντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tox.</span>19</span>: metaph. of the ship of the state, τὰ μὲν δὴ πόλεος θεοὶ πολλῷ σ. σείσαντες ὤρθωσαν πάλιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>163</span>; πόλις . . σαλεύει κἀνακουφίσαι κάρα βυθῶν ἔτ' οὐχ οἵα τε φοινίον σάλου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>24</span>; ἐν σάλῳ πόλις γενομένη <span class="bibl">Lys.6.49</span>; <b class="b3">ἔσχε . . ὁ ἀγὼν ὑποτροπὴν καὶ σ</b>. began to [[waver]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aem.</span>18</span>; cf. σαλεύω <span class="bibl">11.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[distemper]], [[restlessness]], [[perplexity]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Si.</span>40.5</span>, Gal.9.816; τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Max.Tyr.1.1</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">turbulent movement of the sea, flushing of the waves</b>, also [[anchorage]], [[roads]] as opposed to a protected harbour (S., E., Lys., hell. a. late), metaph. of an earthquake (E. IT 46), <b class="b2">turbulent emotion</b> (LXX, Gal., Max. Tyr.; cf. <b class="b3">ἀσαλής</b>, <b class="b3">σάλη</b> below).<br />Compounds: Some late compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπί-σαλος</b> <b class="b2">exposed to the σάλος</b> (Secund., Peripl. M. Rubr. a.o.); prob. also in the ep. <b class="b3">κονί-σαλος</b> <b class="b2">cloud of dust</b> (s. <b class="b3">κόνις</b>). With transference to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems <b class="b3">ἀ-σαλής</b> [[unshaken]], [[unconcerned]] (A. Fr. 319 = 634 M.) with <b class="b3">ἀσάλ-εια</b> f. = <b class="b3">ἀμεριμνία</b>, <b class="b3">ἀλογιστία</b> (Sophr. 113), <b class="b3">ἀσαλεῖν ἀφροντιστῆσαι</b> H.; to this, prob. as backformation, <b class="b3">σάλη</b>, <b class="b3">σάλα</b> f. = <b class="b3">φροντίς</b> (Et. Gen., H.).<br />Derivatives: Denomin.: 1. <b class="b3">σαλεύω</b>, also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, prop. of the ship <b class="b2">to roll (on the waves), to throw oneself about, to oscillate</b>, trans. <b class="b2">to make oscillate, to shock</b> (Att. since A., also Hp., hell. a. late) with <b class="b3">σάλευσις</b> (<b class="b3">δια-</b>) f. [[oscillation]] (Arist. a.o.), <b class="b3">σάλευμα</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b> (D. Chr.). 2. <b class="b3">σαλόομαι</b> [[to go with a rocking motion]] (EM as explanation of <b class="b3">σαλάκων</b>). -- With velar suffix: 1. <b class="b3">σάλαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. <b class="b2">large sieve of mineworkers</b> (Arist. or Thphr. ap. Poll.), also as Att. name of a potter (<b class="b3">Σάλαχς</b>; Krahe IF 57, 113), <b class="b3">-αγξ μεταλλικὸν σκεῦος</b> H.; <b class="b3">σαλάκων</b>, <b class="b3">-ωνος</b> m. [[boaster]], [[swaggerer]], [[dandy]] (Arist.; of the varying Ganges) with <b class="b3">σαλακων-ία</b> (<b class="b3">-εία</b>) f. (Arist., Alciphr.), <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">δια-</b> Ar.), <b class="b3">-ίζομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-εύομαι</b> (H., Phot., Suid.); <b class="b3">σαλάσσω</b> (<b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>) <b class="b2">to shake</b> (Nic., AP), prob. directly from <b class="b3">σάλος</b> after <b class="b3">τινάσσω</b>, <b class="b3">ταράσσω</b> a.o. 2. <b class="b3">σαλαγέω</b> = <b class="b3">σαλάσσω</b>, <b class="b3">σαλεύω</b> (Opp., Orac. ap. Luc.), <b class="b3">σαλαγή βοή</b> H.; cf. <b class="b3">πατα-γέω</b>, <b class="b3">-σσω</b>.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Orig. technical word of sailors language; without convincing etymology. A very doubtful hypothesis (Lat. [[tullius]] etc.) s. <b class="b3">τύλη</b>, <b class="b3">τύλος</b>. -- Furnée 256 connects [[θάλασσα]]\/*<b class="b3">σάλασσα</b> (s.v.) and <b class="b3">ζάλη</b>, <b class="b3">ζάλος</b> [[tornado]], [[whirlpool]] and concludes that the word is Pre-Greek. This is confirmed\/shown by the suffixes <b class="b3">-αγ-</b>, <b class="b3">-ακ-</b>, <b class="b3">-αγκ-</b>; cf. [[σηλαγγεύς]] (s.v.). -- Lat. LW [loanword] [[salus]], [[salum]] ?