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καρκίνος: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (Epich., IA.)<br />Meaning: [[crab]] (on the meaning Thompson Fishes s. v.), metaph.. <b class="b2">ulcer, pair of pincers, kind of shoe etc.</b>, also name of a constellation (Scherer Gestirnnamen 167f.). -<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">καρκίνιον</b> (Arist., Hp.), also [[kind of slipper]] (Herod.), <b class="b3">καρκινάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. (Gal., Ael.); <b class="b3">καρκινίας</b> m. name of a precious stone (Plin.; after the colour; as <b class="b3">καπνίας</b> a. o.; Chantraine Formation 94); <b class="b3">καρκινευτής</b> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (Epich., IA.)<br />Meaning: [[crab]] (on the meaning Thompson Fishes s. v.), metaph.. <b class="b2">ulcer, pair of pincers, kind of shoe etc.</b>, also name of a constellation (Scherer Gestirnnamen 167f.). -<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">καρκίνιον</b> (Arist., Hp.), also [[kind of slipper]] (Herod.), <b class="b3">καρκινάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. (Gal., Ael.); <b class="b3">καρκινίας</b> m. name of a precious stone (Plin.; after the colour; as <b class="b3">καπνίας</b> a. o.; Chantraine Formation 94); <b class="b3">καρκινευτής</b> [[crab-catcher]] (Artem. 2, 14; after <b class="b3">ἁλιευτής</b>, <b class="b3">ὀρνιθευτής</b> a. o.); <b class="b3">καρκινώδης</b> [[crab-like]] (Arist., medic.). Denomin. verb <b class="b3">καρκινόω</b> <b class="b2">bend, crook one's fingers</b> (Antiph., Thphr.; cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 65), <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> <b class="b2">become cancerous, suffer from cancer</b> (Hp.) with <b class="b3">καρκίνωμα</b> [[cancer]] (medic.), <b class="b3">καρκίνωσις</b> [[formation of dangerous growth]] (Aët.); <b class="b3">καρκίνωθρον</b> (codd. <b class="b3">-αθρον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηθρον</b>) plant name, [[Polygonum aviculare]] (Dsc. 4, 4; after Strömberg Pflanzennamen 147 prop. "Krebsmittel" [?]; rather of the crab-like spreading roots).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Clearly connected with Lat. [[cancer]] [[crab]], Skt. <b class="b2">karkaṭa-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>; the morphological details however are not all clear. As in Lat. [[cancer]] from <b class="b2">*car-cro-s</b> <b class="b3">καρκίνος</b> may also have had a dissimilation of <b class="b2">r-</b>sounds with addition of the <b class="b3">ινο-</b>suffix (cf. Schwyzer 490); on the formation of Skt. <b class="b2">karkaṭa-</b> Wackernagel-Debrunner 2 : 2, 157 (etymological doubts in Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.). - From <b class="b3">καρκίνος</b> as LW [loanword]. Skt. <b class="b2">karki(n</b>)- [[the crab in the zodiac]] (with <b class="b2">karka-</b> [[crab]] [lex.] as backformation?). - Connection with the adjective for [[hard]] (s. <b class="b3">κάρκαρος</b>, <b class="b3">κράτος</b>) seems quite possible. Cf. W.-Hofmann s. [[cancer]] . - The Sanskrit word is probably not cognate (Mayrhofer, EWAia 64, Fur. 129). Fur. connects <b class="b3">κάρχαι καρκίνοι</b>, <b class="b3">καὶ</b> <<b class="b3">κ</b>> <b class="b3">όχλοι</b>. <b class="b3">Σικελοί</b> H. [not mentioned in Frisk, DELG], which is evident. This poves Pre-Greek origin. Fur. doubts the correctnes of Lat. [[cancer]] < <b class="b2">*karkro-</b>, which cannot be proven. Fur. prefers to connct <b class="b3">γάγγραινα</b>, <b class="b3">γάγγλιον</b>. <b class="b3">-ινο-</b> can be a Pre-Greek suffix (Fur. 129 n. 54; Beekes, Pre-Greek, Suffixes; Fur. also comments on the accentuation). He also adduces (130) the PN <b class="b3">Κερκίνος</b> and the river name <b class="b3">Κερκινεύς</b> (Thessaly) with <b class="b3">*κερκιν-</b>. | ||
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