γαλήνη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[stillness of the sea]], [[calm]] (γ. μὲν ἐν θαλάσσῃ νηνεμία δ' ἐν ἀέρι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span>108b25</span>, but cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.452</span>, <span class="bibl">12.168</span>), Hom. only in Od., λευκ ὴ δ' ἦν ἀμφὶ γαλήνη <span class="bibl">10.94</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ δ' ἐλόωσι γαλήνην</b> will sail the [[calm sea]], <span class="bibl">7.319</span>; [[stillness]] of deep waters, <span class="bibl">Coluth.360</span>; νηνεμίας τε καὶ γ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>153c</span>; ἐν ταῖς γ. καὶ εὐδίαις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>533b30</span>: metaph. of the mind, [[calmness]], [[serenity]], φρόνημα νηνέμου γαλάνας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>740</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν γαλήνῃ</b> in [[calm]], [[quiet]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>899</span>; γ. ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>791a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[lead sulphide]], [[galena]], <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>33.95</span>, <span class="bibl">34.159</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> name of an [[antidote]], Androm. ap. Gal.14.32. (Aeol.<b class="b3">γελήνη</b> (sic) acc. to Jo.Gramm.<span class="title">Comp.</span> 3.1; perh. akin to <b class="b3">γελάω</b>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[stillness of the seaStille]] (Od.); also [[lead sulphite]] (Plin.; s. Chantr. RPh. 1965, 203-5).<br />Other forms: Dor. <b class="b3">γαλάνα</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γαλήνεια</b> (<b class="b3">γαλάνεια</b>) = <b class="b3">γαλήνη</b> (Eur.), after <b class="b3">σαφήνεια</b>?; not from <b class="b3">γαληνής</b> (only Arist. Phgn. 811b 38); <b class="b3">γαληναίη</b> (A. R.; cf. <b class="b3">ἀναγκαίη</b> beside <b class="b3">ἀνάγκη</b>), <b class="b3">γαληναῖος</b> (AP ). - <b class="b3">γαληνός</b> [[still]] (E.). After the numerous <b class="b3">ρο-</b>adjectives (not old [[r]]\/<b class="b2">n-</b>stem) <b class="b3">γαληρός</b> H.; after the adj. in <b class="b3">-ερος</b>, <b class="b3">γαλερός</b> H.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [366] <b class="b2">*glh₂-es-</b> [[aughter]]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">γαλήνη</b>, <b class="b3">γαλάνα</b>, like <b class="b3">σελήνη</b>, from <b class="b3">*γαλασ-να</b> from an <b class="b3">σ-</b>stem, seen also in <b class="b3">γέλως</b>, <b class="b3">γελασ-τός</b> etc. and in Aeol. <b class="b3">γελήνη</b> (Jo. Gramm. Comp. 3, 1) for <b class="b3">*γελάννα</b> like <b class="b3">σελάννα</b>?). Orig. [[Heiterkeit]], cf. <b class="b3">γελεῖν λάμπειν</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνθεῖν</b> H. For the ablaut, <b class="b2">*glh₂-es-</b>, cf Arm. [[caɫr]] [[laughter]]; s. [[γελάω]]. Cf. [[γλήνη]], <b class="b3">γλῆνος</b>.