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κῦδος: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=kydos | |Transliteration C=kydos | ||
|Beta Code=ku=dos | |Beta Code=ku=dos | ||
|Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[glory]], [[renown]], esp. in war, ὡς ἄν μοι τιμὴν… καὶ κ. ἄρηαι <span class="bibl">Il.16.84</span>; ἐκ δὲ Διὸς τιμὴ καὶ | |Definition=εος, τό, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[glory]], [[renown]], [[kudos]] esp. in war, ὡς ἄν μοι τιμὴν… καὶ κ. ἄρηαι <span class="bibl">Il.16.84</span>; ἐκ δὲ Διὸς τιμὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ <span class="bibl">17.251</span>; <b class="b3">Ἕκτορι κ. ὄπαζεν</b> (sc. [[Ἀπόλλων]]) <span class="bibl">16.730</span>; ὁπποτέροισι πατὴρ Ζεὺς κῦδος ὀρέξῃ <span class="bibl">5.33</span>; κῦδος [[ἀρέσθαι]] = to [[win]] [[glory]], <span class="bibl">12.407</span>, etc.; κύδεϊ γαίων <span class="bibl">1.405</span>, <span class="bibl">5.906</span>; of a person, <b class="b3">μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν</b> [[glory]] of the [[Achaean]]s, of Odysseus, <span class="bibl">9.673</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.184</span>; of Nestor, <span class="bibl">Il.14.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.79</span>.—Ep. word, also in Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23.13, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>.ά, <span class="bibl">Democr.215</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.89</span>, al., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>317</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>455</span> (not in S. or E.); in a mock-heroic line, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>200</span>; never in Att. Prose.</span> | ||
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==Wiktionary Etymology== | |||
Assumed to be from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁- (“to [[perceive]], [[pay]] [[attention]]”) and therefore related to [[κοέω]] (koéō), Latin [[caveo]], Sanskrit कवि (kaví, “wise, poet, seer, sage”), Lithuanian kavoti (“safeguard, tend”), Old Armenian ցուցանեմ (cʿucʿanem, “I show”), Polish cześć (“glory”) and cud (“miracle”). However, Beekes rejects this and leads Proto-Slavic *čudo (“miracle”) and κῦδος back to a Proto-Indo-European root *kewd-s- (“[[miraculous]] [[power]]”). | |||
{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1524.png Seite 1524]] τό, [[Ruhm]], [[Ehre]], bes. [[Kriegsruhm]]; ἐκ δὲ Διὸς τιμὴ καὶ [[κῦδος]] ὀπηδεῖ Il. 17, 251, öfter; μάρνασθ', ὁπποτέροισι πατὴρ Ζεὺς [[κῦδος]] ὀρέξει 5, 33, wie [[κῦδος]] ὀπάζειν 17, 630; ἐγγυαλίζειν, 15, 491; προτιάπτειν, 24, 110; ἠράμεθα μέγα [[κῦδος]], ἐπέφνομεν Ἕκτορα [[δῖον]] 22, 393, u. öfter [[κῦδος]] [[ἀρέσθαι]], Ruhm für sich in dem Kampfe davontragen; auch = körperliche Überlegenheit, die den Siegesruhm begründet, κύδεϊ γαίων, seiner Kraft sich freuend, im Hochgefühle seiner Macht, von Zeus, von Briareos, 1, 405, von Ares 5, 906; μέγα [[κῦδος]] Ἀχαιῶν, großer Ruhm, Zierde u. Stolz der Achäer, vom Nestor, 14, 42, vom Odysseus, Od. 12, 184, öfter. Auch übh. Gelingen, Gedeihen, preiswürdiger Erfolg, denn Tüchtigkeit u. Gelingen erwirbt Ruhm, vgl. Nitzsch zu Od. 3, 57. – Ruhm, Siegesruhm ist es bei Pind., ἔδωκεν μέγα κ. P. 2, 89, vgl. I. 1, 50 ὃς ἀμφ' ἀέθλοις ἢ πολεμίζων ἄρηται [[κῦδος]] ἁβρόν, u. bei Aesch., ὡς γὰρ θεὸς ἔδωκε ναῶν [[κῦδος]] Ἕλλησιν μάχης Pers. 447, ἄροισθε [[κῦδος]] πολίταις Spt. 299. – Nach Schol. Ap. Rh. 1, 1337 ὁ [[κῦδος]] = [[λοιδορία]] παρὰ Συρακοσίοις, u. so VLL.; vgl. Zenob. 4, 70, der auch bemerkt, daß die erste Sylbe davon kurz sei. Vgl. [[κυδάζω]]. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1524.png Seite 1524]] τό, [[Ruhm]], [[Ehre]], bes. [[Kriegsruhm]]; ἐκ δὲ Διὸς τιμὴ καὶ [[κῦδος]] ὀπηδεῖ Il. 17, 251, öfter; μάρνασθ', ὁπποτέροισι πατὴρ Ζεὺς [[κῦδος]] ὀρέξει 5, 33, wie [[κῦδος]] ὀπάζειν 17, 630; ἐγγυαλίζειν, 15, 491; προτιάπτειν, 24, 110; ἠράμεθα μέγα [[κῦδος]], ἐπέφνομεν Ἕκτορα [[δῖον]] 22, 393, u. öfter [[κῦδος]] [[ἀρέσθαι]], Ruhm für sich in dem Kampfe davontragen; auch = körperliche Überlegenheit, die den Siegesruhm begründet, κύδεϊ γαίων, seiner Kraft sich freuend, im Hochgefühle seiner Macht, von Zeus, von Briareos, 1, 405, von Ares 5, 906; μέγα [[κῦδος]] Ἀχαιῶν, großer Ruhm, Zierde u. Stolz der Achäer, vom Nestor, 14, 42, vom Odysseus, Od. 12, 184, öfter. Auch übh. Gelingen, Gedeihen, preiswürdiger Erfolg, denn Tüchtigkeit u. Gelingen erwirbt Ruhm, vgl. Nitzsch zu Od. 3, 57. – Ruhm, Siegesruhm ist es bei Pind., ἔδωκεν μέγα κ. P. 2, 89, vgl. I. 1, 50 ὃς ἀμφ' ἀέθλοις ἢ πολεμίζων ἄρηται [[κῦδος]] ἁβρόν, u. bei Aesch., ὡς γὰρ θεὸς ἔδωκε ναῶν [[κῦδος]] Ἕλλησιν μάχης Pers. 447, ἄροισθε [[κῦδος]] πολίταις Spt. 299. – Nach Schol. Ap. Rh. 1, 1337 ὁ [[κῦδος]] = [[λοιδορία]] παρὰ Συρακοσίοις, u. so VLL.; vgl. Zenob. 4, 70, der auch bemerkt, daß die erste Sylbe davon kurz sei. Vgl. [[κυδάζω]]. | ||
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|elnltext=κῦδος -ους, | |elnltext=κῦδος -ους, τό, zonder contr. -εος, poët., stralendheid, (krachtige) uitstraling, schittering ( m. n. in de oorlog):; κύδεϊ γαίων trots op zijn uitstraling Il. 1.405; Ἀπόλλων... Τρωσὶν καὶ Ἕκτορι κῦδος ὄπαζεν Apollo liet de Trojanen en Hector schitteren Il. 16.73; δίκης κῦδος de stralendheid van rechtvaardigheid Democr. B 215; van personen ster:. Ὀδυσεῦ, μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν Odysseus, grote ster van de Grieken Il. 19.673. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=-εος<br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[fame]], [[honour]], [[glory]], [[renown]] (Il.; Trümpy Fachausdrücke 196 ff.; also Greindl RhM 89, 220).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-κυδής</b> [[famous]] (Il.); very often PN, e.g. <b class="b3">Φερε-κύδης</b>, <b class="b3">Κυδό-νικος</b> (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 269f.)<br />Derivatives: Further with regular <b class="b3">ι-</b>, <b class="b3">ρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ν-</b>change: 1. <b class="b3">κυδι-άνειρα</b> f. conventional epithet, prop. "with renowned men', [[in which partake renowned men]] ([[μάχη]], after it [[ἀγορά]], Il.; Schwyzer 447, 474; Sommer Nominalkomp. 181); with <b class="b3">-ι-</b> further [[κύδιμος]] [[famous]] (Hes., h. Merc., Pi.; Schwyzer 494f.). [[κυδιάω]] [[boast]], [[be proud]] (Il., Hes. Sc., h. Cer [only ptc [[κυδιόων]] etc.], h. Hom. 30, 13 ([[κυδιόωσι]]), A. R., Q. S. ([[κυδιάασκον]])), cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 359. - 2. <b class="b3">κυδρ-ός</b> [[famous]] (Il.) with [[κυδρότερος]] (Xenoph., B.) beside the primary [[κύδιστος]] (Il.; Seiler Steigerungsformen 76), [[κύδιον]] (E.); also [[κυδέστερος]] (Plb.) and [[κυδίστατος]] (Nic. Th. 3, voc. <b class="b3">-τε</b> for Il. [[κύδιστε]]). Late denomin. [[κυδρόομαι]] [[boast]] (Ael., Polyaen.). - 3. [[κυδαίνω]], aor. [[κυδῆναι]] [[honour]], [[glorify]] (Il.), also [[κυδάνω]] [[glorify]], [[boast]] (Il.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1,315); cf. also [[κυδνός]] = [[κυδρός]] (vv. ll. in Hes., IG 14, 2117) with sec. suffix-change. Here also [[κυδάλιμος]] = [[κυδρός]] (Il.), cross of <b class="b3">*κυδαλέος</b> and [[κύδιμος]]? (Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 27); [[κυδήεις]], Dor. <b class="b3">-άεις</b> (AP, Man., Epid.; late analogical formation, cf. Schwyzer 527, Thieme Studien 71 n. 3); <b class="b3">ὑπερ-κύδας</b> ptc., only <b class="b3">-αντα(ς</b>) [[boasting]] (Il.); prob. analogical, s. Schwyzer 526 n. 5, Schwyzer-Debrunner 518 n. 8, Risch 23 n. 189. Also the Demos-name [[Κυδαντίδαι]]? (Wackernagel Glotta 14, 54 = Kl. Schr. 2, 862).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [587] <b class="b2">*keuH-</b> [[hear]], [[observe]]<br />Etymology: With [[κῦδος]] is connected since Bezzenberger BB 27, 145 a Slavic word for [[wonder]], e.g. OCS, Russ. <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=-εος<br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[fame]], [[honour]], [[glory]], [[renown]] (Il.; Trümpy Fachausdrücke 196 ff.; also Greindl RhM 89, 220).<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-κυδής</b> [[famous]] (Il.); very often PN, e.g. <b class="b3">Φερε-κύδης</b>, <b class="b3">Κυδό-νικος</b> (Bechtel Hist. Personennamen 269f.)<br />Derivatives: Further with regular <b class="b3">ι-</b>, <b class="b3">ρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ν-</b>change: 1. <b class="b3">κυδι-άνειρα</b> f. conventional epithet, prop. "with renowned men', [[in which partake renowned men]] ([[μάχη]], after it [[ἀγορά]], Il.; Schwyzer 447, 474; Sommer Nominalkomp. 181); with <b class="b3">-ι-</b> further [[κύδιμος]] [[famous]] (Hes., h. Merc., Pi.; Schwyzer 494f.). [[κυδιάω]] [[boast]], [[be proud]] (Il., Hes. Sc., h. Cer [only ptc [[κυδιόων]] etc.], h. Hom. 30, 13 ([[κυδιόωσι]]), A. R., Q. S. ([[κυδιάασκον]])), cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 359. - 2. <b class="b3">κυδρ-ός</b> [[famous]] (Il.) with [[κυδρότερος]] (Xenoph., B.) beside the primary [[κύδιστος]] (Il.; Seiler Steigerungsformen 76), [[κύδιον]] (E.); also [[κυδέστερος]] (Plb.) and [[κυδίστατος]] (Nic. Th. 3, voc. <b class="b3">-τε</b> for Il. [[κύδιστε]]). Late denomin. [[κυδρόομαι]] [[boast]] (Ael., Polyaen.). - 3. [[κυδαίνω]], aor. [[κυδῆναι]] [[honour]], [[glorify]] (Il.), also [[κυδάνω]] [[glorify]], [[boast]] (Il.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1,315); cf. also [[κυδνός]] = [[κυδρός]] (vv. ll. in Hes., IG 14, 2117) with sec. suffix-change. Here also [[κυδάλιμος]] = [[κυδρός]] (Il.), cross of <b class="b3">*κυδαλέος</b> and [[κύδιμος]]? (Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 27); [[κυδήεις]], Dor. <b class="b3">-άεις</b> (AP, Man., Epid.; late analogical formation, cf. Schwyzer 527, Thieme Studien 71 n. 3); <b class="b3">ὑπερ-κύδας</b> ptc., only <b class="b3">-αντα(ς</b>) [[boasting]] (Il.); prob. analogical, s. Schwyzer 526 n. 5, Schwyzer-Debrunner 518 n. 8, Risch 23 n. 189. Also the Demos-name [[Κυδαντίδαι]]? (Wackernagel Glotta 14, 54 = Kl. Schr. 2, 862).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [587] <b class="b2">*keuH-</b> [[hear]], [[observe]]<br />Etymology: With [[κῦδος]] is connected since Bezzenberger BB 27, 145 a Slavic word for [[wonder]], e.g. OCS, Russ. <b class="b2">čúdo</b>, gen. <b class="b2">-ese</b>, SCr. <b class="b2">čȕdo</b>, with the assumption of an ablaut <b class="b2">*keuHdos-</b> : <b class="b2">*kuHdos > *kūdos-</b> (s. Porzig Gliederung 170). The Slavic noun is derived with <b class="b2">d-</b>suffix from a verb [[learn]], [[understand]], [[hear]], e.g. OCS <b class="b2">čujǫ</b>, [[čuti]] (with which also [[κοέω]], s. v.); so [[čudo]], [[κῦδος]] prop. "what was heard" like [[κλέος]] from [[ἔκλυον]]. Details in Pok. 587f., Vasmer Wb. s. <b class="b2">čúdo</b> and <b class="b2">čúju</b>, W.-Hofmann s. [[caveō]]. (Diff. on [[κῦδος]] Persson Beitr. 1, 188 n. 2: as "Ruf" to [[κυδάζω]]). DELG doubts. - (On [[κυδρός]] a "gewagte Vermutung" in Wackernagel Berl. Sb. 1918, 411 (= Kl. Schr. 1, 330): to (Iran.) [[Σύδροι]], people in Arachosia (prop. *"the famous one"), from where Skt. <b class="b2">śūdrá-</b> [[member of the 4th caste]]; cf. W.-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 2 : 2, 853 f.; cf. also Thieme KZ 69, 173 f. Mayrhofer refers to KEWA III 364f. and 798.) | ||
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