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 |Transliteration C=polemos
 |Beta Code=po/lemos
-|Definition=and Ep. πτόλεμος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[war]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.61</span>, etc. (the usual meaning in post-Homeric Greek); also, [[battle]], [[fight]], ib.<span class="bibl">226</span>, etc.; even of [[single combat]], <span class="bibl">7.174</span>; πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε <span class="bibl">1.177</span>, <span class="bibl">5.891</span>; φυλόπιδος . . καὶ πολέμοιο <span class="bibl">18.242</span>; ἀϋτήν τε πτόλεμόν τε <span class="bibl">1.492</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">14.37</span>,<span class="bibl">96</span>; π. καὶ δηϊοτῆτος <span class="bibl">5.348</span>, etc.: periphr., <b class="b3">νεῖκος, φύλοπις, ἔρις πολέμοιο</b>, <span class="bibl">13.271</span>, <span class="bibl">635</span>, <span class="bibl">17.253</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἄγριος, αἱματόεις, ἀργαλέος, ἀλίαστος, δακρυόεις, δήϊος, δυσηλεγής, δυσηχής, κακός, λευγαλέος, ὀϊζυρός, ὀκρυόεις, ὀλοός, ὁμοίιος, πευκεδανός, πολυᾶϊξ, πολύδακρυς, στυγερός, φθισήνωρ</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">737</span>, <span class="bibl">19.313</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.24.531</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.797</span>, <span class="bibl">5.737</span>, <span class="bibl">7.119</span>, <span class="bibl">20.154</span>, <span class="bibl">2.686</span>, <span class="bibl">1.284</span>, <span class="bibl">13.97</span>, <span class="bibl">3.112</span>, <span class="bibl">9.64</span> (leg. [[κρυόεντος]]), <span class="bibl">3.133</span>, <span class="bibl">9.440</span>, <span class="bibl">10.8</span>, <span class="bibl">1.165</span>, <span class="bibl">3.165</span>, <span class="bibl">4.240</span>, <span class="bibl">9.604</span>; <b class="b3">π. Ἀχαιῶν, ἀνδρῶν</b>, i.e. brought by them, <span class="bibl">3.165</span>, <span class="bibl">24.8</span> (pl.), etc.; ὁ τῶν βαρβάρων π. <span class="bibl">Th.1.24</span>; Ἑλλήνων π. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.2.22</span>; ὁ παρὼν π. Κορινθίων <span class="bibl">Th.1.32</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μέλλων καὶ ὅσον οὐ παρὼν π</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">36</span>; ὁ πρὸς Δαρεῖον π. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 6.2</span>; ἀσχημοσύνῃ καὶ Ἔρωτι πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀεὶ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>196a</span>; <b class="b3">Δωριακὸς π</b>. Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Th.2.54</span>; ὁ Ἰωνικὸς π. <span class="bibl">Id.8.11</span>; ὁ Φωκικὸς π. <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.148</span>; π. Δεκελεικός <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.37</span>, <span class="bibl">14.31</span>; π. ξενικός <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1272b20</span>; δουλικοὶ π. <span class="bibl">Ath.6.272f</span>; ἱερὸς π. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>556</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πόλεμον ἄρασθαι</b> levy [[war]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>342</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>913</span>, etc.: c. dat., ἢ τοῖσιν ἢ τοῖς π. αἴρεσθαι μέγαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>439</span>; π. ἄρασθαι πρός τινας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.45</span>; π. θέσθαι τινί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>13</span>; π. ἀναιρέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.1.7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. κινεῖν, ἐγεῖραι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.34</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdn.3.5.3</span>; π. τοῖς ἔργοις ἐξενήνοχε <span class="bibl">D.11.20</span>, cf. Plu. 2.829e; ἐς π. καθίστασθαί τισι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1168</span>; π. ἐπαγαγεῖν <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.140</span>; ἀγαγεῖν ἐπί τινας <span class="bibl">D.5.19</span>; <b class="b3">π. ποιεῖν</b> make [[war]], <span class="bibl">Id.8.7</span>; <b class="b3">π. ποιεῖσθαι</b> carry [[it]] on, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.5.24</span>; <b class="b3">π. καταλύεσθαι</b> put an end to [[it]], <span class="bibl">And.3.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.36</span>; ὁ π. ἀναπέπαυται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.47</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">οὐ πόλεμον ἐπαγγέλλεις</b>, i.e. that is good news, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>702d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>242b</span>: in plural, <span class="bibl">Democr. 250</span>, etc.; διὰ τὴν τῶν χρημάτων κτῆσιν πάντες οἱ π. ἡμῖν γίγνονται <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phd.</span>66c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>460a</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> personified, [[War]], [[Battle]], Ἀλαλὰ Πολέμου θύγατερ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>78</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>205</span>; <b class="b3">Π. πάντων μὲν πατήρ ἐστι</b>, πάντων δὲ βασιλεύς <span class="bibl">Heraclit.53</span>; ὁ π. τῆς γενέσεως <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>423</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph. of womankind, πολυτελὴς π. <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>8</span>.</span>
+|Definition=and Ep. [[πτόλεμος]], ὁ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[war]], Il.1.61, etc. (the usual meaning in post-Homeric Greek); also, [[battle]], [[fight]], ib.226, etc.; even of [[single combat]], 7.174; πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε 1.177, 5.891; φυλόπιδος . . καὶ πολέμοιο 18.242; ἀϋτήν τε πτόλεμόν τε 1.492, cf. 14.37,96; πόλεμος καὶ δηϊοτῆτος 5.348, etc.: periphr., [[νεῖκος]], [[φύλοπις]], [[ἔρις]] πολέμοιο, 13.271, 635, 17.253; [[ἄγριος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[αἱματόεις]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ἀργαλέος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ἀλίαστος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[δακρυόεις]] [[πόλεμος]], [[δήϊος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[δυσηλεγής]] [[πόλεμος]], [[δυσηχής]] [[πόλεμος]], [[κακός]] [[πόλεμος]], [[λευγαλέος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ὀϊζυρός]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ὀκρυόεις]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ὀλοός]] [[πόλεμος]], [[ὁμοίιος]] [[πόλεμος]], [[πευκεδανός]] [[πόλεμος]], [[πολυᾶϊξ]] [[πόλεμος]], [[πολύδακρυς]] [[πόλεμος]], [[στυγερός]] [[πόλεμος]], [[φθισήνωρ]]  [[πόλεμος]], ib.737, 19.313, Od.24.531, Il.2.797, 5.737, 7.119, 20.154, 2.686, 1.284, 13.97, 3.112, 9.64 (leg. [[κρυόεντος]]), 3.133, 9.440, 10.8, 1.165, 3.165, 4.240, 9.604; [[πόλεμος]] Ἀχαιῶν, [[ἀνδρῶν]], i.e. brought by them, 3.165, 24.8 (pl.), etc.; ὁ τῶν βαρβάρων πόλεμος Th.1.24; Ἑλλήνων πόλεμος X.HG3.2.22; ὁ παρὼν πόλεμος Κορινθίων Th.1.32; ὁ [[μέλλων]] καὶ ὅσον οὐ παρὼν πόλεμος ib.36; ὁ πρὸς Δαρεῖον πόλεμος Hdt. 6.2; ἀσχημοσύνῃ καὶ Ἔρωτι πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀεὶ πόλεμος Pl.Smp.196a; Δωριακὸς [[πόλεμος]] Orac. ap. Th.2.54; ὁ Ἰωνικὸς πόλεμος Id.8.11; ὁ Φωκικὸς πόλεμος Aeschin. 3.148; πόλεμος Δεκελεικός Isoc.8.37, 14.31; πόλεμος [[ξενικός]] Arist.Pol.1272b20; δουλικοὶ πόλεμοι Ath.6.272f; ἱερὸς πόλεμος Ar.Av.556, etc.; πόλεμον [[ἄρασθαι]] = [[levy]] [[war]], A.Supp.342, cf. Ar.Ach.913, etc.: c. dat., ἢ τοῖσιν ἢ τοῖς πόλεμον αἴρεσθαι μέγαν A.Supp.439; πόλεμον ἄρασθαι πρός τινας X.Cyr.1.6.45; πόλεμον θέσθαι τινί E.Or.13; πόλεμον ἀναιρέεσθαι Hdt.5.36, cf. D.1.7, etc.; πόλεμον [[κινεῖν]], πόλεμον [[ἐγεῖραι]], Th.6.34, Hdn.3.5.3; πόλεμον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις ἐξενήνοχε D.11.20, cf. Plu. 2.829e; ἐς πόλεμον καθίστασθαί τισι E.HF1168; πόλεμον [[ἐπαγαγεῖν]] Aeschin.3.140; ἀγαγεῖν ἐπί τινας D.5.19; πόλεμον [[ποιεῖν]] = [[make war]], Id.8.7; πόλεμον [[ποιεῖσθαι]] = [[carry]] [[war]] on, X.An.5.5.24; [[πόλεμον καταλύεσθαι]] = [[put an end to]] [[war]], And.3.17, Th.6.36; ὁ πόλεμος ἀναπέπαυται X.Cyr.7.5.47: [[proverb|prov.]], [[οὐ πόλεμον ἐπαγγέλλεις]], i.e. [[that is good news]], Pl.Lg.702d, Phdr.242b: in plural, Democr. 250, etc.; διὰ τὴν τῶν χρημάτων κτῆσιν πάντες οἱ πόλεμοι ἡμῖν γίγνονται Pl. Phd.66c, cf. R.460a, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> personified, [[Πόλεμος]] = [[War]], [[Battle]], Ἀλαλὰ Πολέμου [[θύγατερ]] Pi.Fr.78, cf. Ar.Pax205; πόλεμος πάντων μὲν [[πατήρ]] ἐστι, πάντων δὲ [[βασιλεύς]] = war is the [[father]] of all and the [[king]] of all Heraclit.53; ὁ πόλεμος τῆς γενέσεως Dam.Pr.423.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph. of [[womankind]], πολυτελὴς πόλεμος Secund.Sent.8.
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-|sltr=[[πόλεμος]] (-ου, -οιο, -ῳ, -ον; -οι, -ων, -οισι.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> [[war]] Ὀλυμπιάδα [[ἀκρόθινα]] πολέμου (O. 2.4) ἐν μάχαις τε πολέμου τιμώμενος (O. 2.44) ὀρνυμένων πολέμων (O. 8.34) ἔα πόλεμον μάχαν τε πᾶσαν χωρὶς ἀθανάτων (O. 9.40) τὰν πολέμοιο δόσιν [[ἀκρόθινα]] διελὼν ἔθυε (O. 10.56) λαιψηροὶ πόλεμοι κἀγοραὶ βουλαφόροι (O. 12.4) οἵαις ἐν πολέμοισι μάχαις (πολέμοιο coni. Bergk, cf. (O. 2.44) ) (P. 1.47) νεότατι μὲν ἀρήγει [[θράσος]] δεινῶν πολέμων (P. 2.64) ἐν πολέμῳ (P. 3.101) [[Ἡσυχία]] βουλᾶν τε καὶ πολέμων ἔχοισα κλαϊδας ὑπερτάτας (P. 8.3) ὤπασε δὲ [[Κρονίων]] πολέμου μναστῆρά οἱ χαλκεντέος λαὸν ἵππαιχμον (N. 1.16) εἰ δ' ὄλβον ἢ [[χειρῶν]] βίαν ἢ σιδαρίταν ἐπαινῆσαι πόλεμον δεδόκηται (N. 5.19) ἐν πολέμῳ (N. 9.36) μάντιν Οἰκλείδαν, πολέμοιο [[νέφος]] (N. 10.9) φθιμένου Κάστορος ἐν πολέμῳ (N. 10.59) τραχεῖα νιφὰς πολέμοιο τεσσάρων [[ἀνδρῶν]] ἐρήμωσεν μάκαιραν ἑστίαν (I. 4.17) χαλκοχάρμαν ἐς πόλεμον (I. 6.27) προμάχων ἀν' ὅμιλον ἔνθ ἄριστοι [[ἔσχον]] πολέμοιο [[νεῖκος]] (I. 7.36) “υἱὸν εἰσιδέτω θανόντ' ἐν πολέμῳ” (I. 8.36) τοὶ σὺν πολέμῳ κτησάμ[ενοι] χθόνα (Pae. 2.59) στ[ρατὸν] πολέμῳ τελευταίῳ προβιβάζοις (Pae. 2.105) πολέμοιο δὲ [[σᾶμα]] φέρεις τινός; (Pae. 9.13) πολέμου[ Πα. 13. a. 23. γλυκὺ δὲ [[πόλεμος]] ἀπείροσιν fr. 110. ]πολεμοι[ P. Oxy. 2442, fr. 17a. c. gen., “[[τρέω]] [[τοι]] πόλεμον Διὸς Ἐννοσίδαν τε βαρύκτυπον” i. e. [[war]] [[with]] [[Zeus]] (Pae. 4.41) met., warspirit μῆτίν τε γαρύων παλαιγόνων πόλεμόν τ (O. 13.51) pro pers., κλῦθ' Ἀλαλά, Πολέμου θύγατερ fr. 78. 1.
+|sltr=[[πόλεμος]] (-ου, -οιο, -ῳ, -ον; -οι, -ων, -οισι.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> [[war]] Ὀλυμπιάδα [[ἀκρόθινα]] πολέμου (O. 2.4) ἐν μάχαις τε πολέμου τιμώμενος (O. 2.44) ὀρνυμένων πολέμων (O. 8.34) ἔα πόλεμον μάχαν τε πᾶσαν χωρὶς ἀθανάτων (O. 9.40) τὰν πολέμοιο δόσιν [[ἀκρόθινα]] διελὼν ἔθυε (O. 10.56) λαιψηροὶ πόλεμοι κἀγοραὶ βουλαφόροι (O. 12.4) οἵαις ἐν πολέμοισι μάχαις (πολέμοιο coni. Bergk, cf. (O. 2.44) ) (P. 1.47) νεότατι μὲν ἀρήγει [[θράσος]] δεινῶν πολέμων (P. 2.64) ἐν πολέμῳ (P. 3.101) [[Ἡσυχία]] βουλᾶν τε καὶ πολέμων ἔχοισα κλαϊδας ὑπερτάτας (P. 8.3) ὤπασε δὲ [[Κρονίων]] πολέμου μναστῆρά οἱ χαλκεντέος λαὸν ἵππαιχμον (N. 1.16) εἰ δ' ὄλβον ἢ [[χειρῶν]] βίαν ἢ σιδαρίταν ἐπαινῆσαι πόλεμον δεδόκηται (N. 5.19) ἐν πολέμῳ (N. 9.36) μάντιν Οἰκλείδαν, πολέμοιο [[νέφος]] (N. 10.9) φθιμένου Κάστορος ἐν πολέμῳ (N. 10.59) τραχεῖα νιφὰς πολέμοιο τεσσάρων [[ἀνδρῶν]] ἐρήμωσεν μάκαιραν ἑστίαν (I. 4.17) χαλκοχάρμαν ἐς πόλεμον (I. 6.27) προμάχων ἀν' ὅμιλον ἔνθ ἄριστοι [[ἔσχον]] πολέμοιο [[νεῖκος]] (I. 7.36) “υἱὸν εἰσιδέτω θανόντ' ἐν πολέμῳ” (I. 8.36) τοὶ σὺν πολέμῳ κτησάμ[ενοι] χθόνα (Pae. 2.59) στ[ρατὸν] πολέμῳ τελευταίῳ προβιβάζοις (Pae. 2.105) πολέμοιο δὲ [[σᾶμα]] φέρεις τινός; (Pae. 9.13) πολέμου[ Πα. 13. a. 23. γλυκὺ δὲ [[πόλεμος]] ἀπείροσιν fr. 110. ]πολεμοι[ P. Oxy. 2442, fr. 17a. c. gen., “[[τρέω]] [[τοι]] πόλεμον Διὸς Ἐννοσίδαν τε βαρύκτυπον” i. e. [[war]] [[with]] [[Zeus]] (Pae. 4.41) met., warspirit μῆτίν τε γαρύων παλαιγόνων πόλεμόν τ (O. 13.51) pro pers., κλῦθ' Ἀλαλά, Πολέμου θύγατερ fr. 78. 1.
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-|elnltext=πόλεμος -ου, ὁ, ep. en poët. πτόλεμος [~ πελεμίζω] oorlog:; π. Κορινθίων oorlog tegen de Korinthiërs Thuc. 1.32.4; πόλεμον ἄρασθαι een oorlog ontketenen Aeschl. Suppl. 342 = πόλεμον ἀναιρέεσθαι Hdt. 5.36.2 = πόλεμον θέσθαι Eur. Or. 13; πόλεμον καταλύεσθαι de oorlog beëindigen And. 3.17; spreekw..; οὐ πόλεμον ἐπαγγέλλεις jij kondigt (bepaald) geen oorlog aan (d.w.z. dat is goed nieuws) Plat. Phaedr. 242b; Hom. meestal strijd, gevecht:; πῶς μέμονας πόλεμον καταπαυσέμεν ἀνδρῶν; hoe ben je van plan de strijd der mannen te stoppen? Il. 7.36; personif. Πόλεμος Oorlog:; Πόλεμος πάντων μὲν πατήρ ἐστι Oorlog is de vader van alles Heraclit. B 53; voor god van de oorlog. Aristoph. Pax 223.
+|elnltext=πόλεμος -ου, ὁ, ep. en poët. πτόλεμος [~ πελεμίζω] oorlog:; π. Κορινθίων oorlog tegen de Korinthiërs Thuc. 1.32.4; πόλεμον ἄρασθαι een oorlog ontketenen Aeschl. Suppl. 342 = πόλεμον ἀναιρέεσθαι Hdt. 5.36.2 = πόλεμον θέσθαι Eur. Or. 13; πόλεμον καταλύεσθαι de oorlog beëindigen And. 3.17; spreekw..; οὐ πόλεμον ἐπαγγέλλεις jij kondigt (bepaald) geen oorlog aan (d.w.z. dat is goed nieuws) Plat. Phaedr. 242b; Hom. meestal strijd, gevecht:; πῶς μέμονας πόλεμον καταπαυσέμεν ἀνδρῶν; hoe ben je van plan de strijd der mannen te stoppen? Il. 7.36; personif. Πόλεμος Oorlog:; Πόλεμος πάντων μὲν πατήρ ἐστι Oorlog is de vader van alles Heraclit. B 53; voor god van de oorlog. Aristoph. Pax 223.
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-|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[battle]], [[war]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. also [[πτόλεμος]].<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[euru-potoremojo]] \/<b class="b3">Ευρυ-πτολεμοιο</b>\/.<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πολέμ-αρχος</b> m. "warlord", name of an official (IA., Dor.), <b class="b3">φιλο-π(τ)όλεμος</b> [[friend of battles]], [[warlike]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: A. Several adj.: 1. <b class="b3">πολέμ-ιος</b> [[militant]], [[hostile]], also subst. [[enemy]] (Pi., IA.); 2. <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> [[belonging to battle]], [[war]] (ep. Il.); metr. condit., prob. after [[Ἀρήϊος]] (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 134 w. lit.); 3. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to war]], [[militant]], [[hostile]] (Hdt. 3, 4 as v. l., Att.; Chantraine Études 123 etc.); 4. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Olymp. in Grg.). B. Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">πολεμ-έω</b>, often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, [[to battle]], [[to fight a war]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ήτωρ</b> (Antioch. Astr.), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Gytheion IIIp) m. [[fighter]], [[warrior]], <b class="b3">-ητήριον</b> n. [[military base]], [[operation base]], [[headquarters]] (Plb.); <b class="b3">διαπολέμ-ησις</b> f. [[ending of the war]] (Th.). 2. <b class="b3">πολεμ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">πτολ-</b>) [[to fight]] (ep. Il.; metr. for <b class="b3">-έω</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 95) with <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> m. [[fighter]], [[warrior]] (ep. Il.), f. <b class="b3">-ίστρια</b> (Heraclit. Ep.), <b class="b3">-ιστρίς</b> (Tz.), <b class="b3">-ιστήριος</b> [[belonging to warriors]] (IA.). 3. <b class="b3">πολεμ-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> a.o., [[to become enemies]] (Hdt., Th., X.) with <b class="b3">ἐκπολέμ-ωσις</b> f. [[the becoming enemies]] (Plu.). 4. Desid. <b class="b3">πολεμ-ησείω</b> [[to wish for war]] (Th., D. C.). -- PN, e.g. [[Πολέμων]], from where the plantname [[πολεμώνιον]] (Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pfl. 135; [[Πτολεμαῖος]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Orig. meaning [[battle]] (beside [[μάχομαι]] [[fight]]), from which (already in Homer) [[continuing conflict]], [[war]] (beside [[μάχη]] [[fight]]); on this and on other synonyms Trümpy Fachausdr. 122 ff., Porzig Satzinhalte 78 f. On the variation of initial <b class="b3">πτ-</b> : <b class="b3">π-</b> s. Schwyzer 325 w. lit., also Trümpy 131 ff., Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 75f., Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 55 f. (cf. also on [[πόλις]]); it certainly goes back on a Pre-Greek phenomenon. -- Formally connection is recommended with [[πελεμίζω]] [[shake]], [[tremble]] (Curtius 268 w. older lit.); attempt for a factual argumentation in Kretschmer Glotta 12, 54 ff. ([[πόλεμος]] prop. [[exertion]], [[labour]] from [[πελεμίζω]] <b class="b2">to exert oneself, take trouble[ ?]</b>; serious objections by Trümpy l.c.); [[πόλεμος]] orig. from throwing the lance? Both the noun to be assumed for [[πελεμίζω]] and [[πόλεμος]] contain a primary <b class="b3">μ-</b>suffix and go back on a verbal form cognate with [[πάλλω]]. [An idea for which I see no arguments.] -- More on the notion [[πόλεμος]] in D. Loenen Polemos. Een studie over oorlog in de griekse oudheid (MAc.Wet.Neth. N. R. 16:3; Amsterdam 1953). -- Pre-Greek origin, then, is obvious (Furnée 317).
+|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[battle]], [[war]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. also [[πτόλεμος]].<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[euru-potoremojo]] \/<b class="b3">Ευρυ-πτολεμοιο</b>\/.<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πολέμ-αρχος</b> m. "warlord", name of an official (IA., Dor.), <b class="b3">φιλο-π(τ)όλεμος</b> [[friend of battles]], [[warlike]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: A. Several adj.: 1. <b class="b3">πολέμ-ιος</b> [[militant]], [[hostile]], also subst. [[enemy]] (Pi., IA.); 2. <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> [[belonging to battle]], [[war]] (ep. Il.); metr. condit., prob. after [[Ἀρήϊος]] (Trümpy Fachausdrücke 134 w. lit.); 3. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to war]], [[militant]], [[hostile]] (Hdt. 3, 4 as v. l., Att.; Chantraine Études 123 etc.); 4. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Olymp. in Grg.). B. Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">πολεμ-έω</b>, often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, [[to battle]], [[to fight a war]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-ήτωρ</b> (Antioch. Astr.), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Gytheion IIIp) m. [[fighter]], [[warrior]], <b class="b3">-ητήριον</b> n. [[military base]], [[operation base]], [[headquarters]] (Plb.); <b class="b3">διαπολέμ-ησις</b> f. [[ending of the war]] (Th.). 2. <b class="b3">πολεμ-ίζω</b> (<b class="b3">πτολ-</b>) [[to fight]] (ep. Il.; metr. for <b class="b3">-έω</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 95) with <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> m. [[fighter]], [[warrior]] (ep. Il.), f. <b class="b3">-ίστρια</b> (Heraclit. Ep.), <b class="b3">-ιστρίς</b> (Tz.), <b class="b3">-ιστήριος</b> [[belonging to warriors]] (IA.). 3. <b class="b3">πολεμ-όομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> a.o., [[to become enemies]] (Hdt., Th., X.) with <b class="b3">ἐκπολέμ-ωσις</b> f. [[the becoming enemies]] (Plu.). 4. Desid. <b class="b3">πολεμ-ησείω</b> [[to wish for war]] (Th., D. C.). -- PN, e.g. [[Πολέμων]], from where the plantname [[πολεμώνιον]] (Dsc.), s. Strömberg Pfl. 135; [[Πτολεμαῖος]].<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Orig. meaning [[battle]] (beside [[μάχομαι]] [[fight]]), from which (already in Homer) [[continuing conflict]], [[war]] (beside [[μάχη]] [[fight]]); on this and on other synonyms Trümpy Fachausdr. 122 ff., Porzig Satzinhalte 78 f. On the variation of initial <b class="b3">πτ-</b> : <b class="b3">π-</b> s. Schwyzer 325 w. lit., also Trümpy 131 ff., Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 75f., Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 55 f. (cf. also on [[πόλις]]); it certainly goes back on a Pre-Greek phenomenon. -- Formally connection is recommended with [[πελεμίζω]] [[shake]], [[tremble]] (Curtius 268 w. older lit.); attempt for a factual argumentation in Kretschmer Glotta 12, 54 ff. ([[πόλεμος]] prop. [[exertion]], [[labour]] from [[πελεμίζω]] <b class="b2">to exert oneself, take trouble[ ?]</b>; serious objections by Trümpy l.c.); [[πόλεμος]] orig. from throwing the lance? Both the noun to be assumed for [[πελεμίζω]] and [[πόλεμος]] contain a primary <b class="b3">μ-</b>suffix and go back on a verbal form cognate with [[πάλλω]]. [An idea for which I see no arguments.] -- More on the notion [[πόλεμος]] in D. Loenen Polemos. Een studie over oorlog in de griekse oudheid (MAc.Wet.Neth. N. R. 16:3; Amsterdam 1953). -- Pre-Greek origin, then, is obvious (Furnée 317).
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