δέ: Difference between revisions

|txtha=([[related]] to δή, as [[μέν]] to [[μήν]], cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 355), a [[particle]] adversative, [[distinctive]], disjunctive, [[but]], [[moreover]] (Winer s Grammar, § 53,7,10,2); it is [[much]] [[more]] [[frequent]] in the historical parts of the N. T. [[than]] in the [[other]] books, [[very]] [[rare]] in the Epistles of John and the Apocalypse. (On its [[general]] [[neglect]] of elision ([[when]] the [[next]] [[word]] begins [[with]] a vowel) cf. Tdf. Proleg., p. 96; WH s Appendix, p. 146; Winer s Grammar, § 5,1a.; Buttmann, p. 10f) It is used:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[universally]], by [[way]] of [[opposition]] and [[distinction]]; it is added to statements opposed to a [[preceding]] [[statement]]: [[ἐάν]] [[ὀφθαλμός]] κτλ. ἐλεύσονται δέ ἡμέραι, [[ἐγώ]] δέ, [[ἡμεῖς]] δέ, σύ δέ, [[ὑμεῖς]] δέ, οἱ δέ υἱοί τῆς βασιλείας, αἱ ἀλώπεκες ... ὁ δέ [[υἱός]] [[τοῦ]] ἀνθρώπου [[πᾶς]] ὁ [[λαός]] ... οἱ δέ φαρισαῖοι, ὁ δέ [[πνευματικός]], ὁ δέ, [[αὐτός]] δέ: οἱ δέ, ὁ δέ [[Ἰησοῦς]]: Tdf. omits [[Ἰησοῦς]]); R G Tr brackets); Tdf. omits [[Ἰησοῦς]]); R G L marginal [[reading]] Tr marginal [[reading]]); ἀποκροκριθεις δέ (ὁ) [[Σίμων]], R G L brackets; ἡ δέ [[Μαρία]], [[μέν]] ... δέ, [[see]] [[μέν]].<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[after]] [[negative]] sentences, [[but]], [[but]] [[rather]] (German wohl aber): μή θησαυρίζετε ... θησαυρίζετε δέ); ); [[οὐχ]] ἑαυτοῖς [[ὑμῖν]] ( [[ἡμῖν]]) δέ); I [[say]], and [[that]], so [[then]], etc.): [[δικαιοσύνη]] [[which]] the Jews boasted of and strove [[after]], [[but]] δικαιοσυνεσς ... [[διά]] πίστεως); σοφίαν δέ οὐ [[τοῦ]] αἰῶνος [[τούτου]]); Stephanus Thesaurus ii. Colossians 928; (cf. Winer's Grammar, 443 (412)).<br /><b class="num">5.</b> it serves to [[mark]] a [[transition]] to [[something]] [[new]] (δέ metabatic); by [[this]] [[use]] of the [[particle]], the [[new]] [[addition]] is [[distinguished]] from and, as it were, opposed to [[what]] goes [[before]]: ἐγένετο δέ, [[see]] [[γίνομαι]], 2c.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> it introduces explanations and separates [[them]] from the things to be explained: [[ἦσαν]] δέ etc. R L brackets); R G); [[τοῦτο]] δέ γέγονε, [[γάρ]]; cf. Winer on Romans , vol. i., pp. 234,265; ii., p. 476; iii., p. 196; (Winer s Grammar, 452 (421); Buttmann, 363 (312)).<br /><b class="num">7.</b> [[after]] a [[parenthesis]] or an [[explanation]] [[which]] had led [[away]] from the [[subject]] [[under]] [[discussion]], it serves to [[take]] up the [[discourse]] [[again]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 443 (412)): Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2, p. 376f.<br /><b class="num">8.</b> it introduces the apodosis and, as it were, opposes it to the protasis: R G (Matthiae 2:1470; Kühner, 2:818; (Jelf, § 770); Klotz as [[above]], p. 370f; (Buttmann, 364 (312)).<br /><b class="num">9.</b> καί ... δέ, [[but]] ... [[also]], [[yea]] and, [[moreover]] [[also]]: WH [[text]] omits; L Tr brackets δέ); Buttmann, 364 (312); ([[also]] Winer's Grammar, 443 (413); Ellicott on [[ἐάν]] δέ [[yea]] [[even]] if: δέ [[never]] stands as the [[first]] [[word]] in the [[sentence]], [[but]] [[generally]] [[second]]; and [[when]] the words to [[which]] it is added cannot be separated, it stands [[third]] (as in οὐ [[μόνον]] δέ, L T Tr WH).