συνέδριον: Difference between revisions

|txtha=συνεδρίου, τό ([[σύν]] and [[ἕδρα]]; [[hence]], [[properly]], 'a [[sitting]] [[together]]'), in Greek authors from [[Herodotus]] [[down]], [[any]] [[assembly]] ([[especially]] of magistrates, Judges, ambassadors), [[whether]] convened to [[deliberate]] or to [[pass]] [[judgment]]; Vulg. concilium; in the Scriptures<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[any]] [[session]] or [[assembly]] of persons deliberating or adjudicating (συνήγαγον [[συνέδριον]] (A. V. "gathered a [[council]]]"], the Sanhedrin, the [[great]] [[council]] at [[Jerusalem]] (Talmud, סַנְהֵדְרִין), consisting of [[seventy]]-[[one]] members, viz. scribes ([[see]] [[γραμματεύς]], 2), [[elders]], [[prominent]] members of the [[high]] [[priestly]] families ([[hence]], called ἀρχιερεῖς; [[see]] ἀρχειρευς, 2), and the [[high]] [[priest]], the [[president]] of the [[body]]. The fullest periphrasis for Sanhedrin is [[found]] in R G; οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καί οἱ γραμματεῖς καί οἱ πρεσβύτεροι). The [[more]] [[important]] causes were brought [[before]] [[this]] [[tribunal]], inasmuch as the Roman rulers of [[Judaea]] had [[left]] to it the [[power]] of [[trying]] [[such]] cases, and [[also]] of pronouncing [[sentence]] of [[death]], [[with]] the [[limitation]] [[that]] a [[capital]] [[sentence]] [[pronounced]] by the Sanhedrin [[was]] [[not]] [[valid]] [[unless]] it were confirmed by the Roman procurator (cf. Josephus, Antiquities 20,9, 1). The Jews [[trace]] the [[origin]] of the Sanhedrin to A. V. [[council]]) is mentioned in smaller [[tribunal]] or [[council]] (so A. V.) [[which]] [[every]] Jewish [[town]] had for the [[decision]] of the [[less]] [[important]] cases ([[see]] [[κρίσις]], 4): Winer s RWB [[under]] the [[word]] Synedrium; Leyrer in Herzog edition 1under the [[word]] Synedrium (Strack in edition 2); Schürer, Neutest. Zeitgesch. 2te Aufl. § 23, II., III. (and in Riehm, p. 1595ff); Holtzmann in Schenkel [[see]], p. 446ff; (BB. DD., [[under]] the [[word]] <TOPIC:Sanhedrim> ([[especially]] Ginsburg in Alex.'s Kitto); Hamburger, Real-Encycl. ii, pp. 1147 -1155; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, ii. 553ff; Farrar, Life of Christ, Excurs. xiii.).