πρόσωπον: Difference between revisions

|txtha=προσώπου, τό (from [[πρός]] and ὤψ, cf. [[μέτωπον]]), from Homer down; the Sept. hundreds of times for פָּנִים, [[also]] for אַפַיִם, etc.;<br /><b class="num">1.</b><br /><b class="num">a.</b> the [[face]], i. e. the [[anterior]] [[part]] of the [[human]] [[head]]: T Tr WH [[omit]]; Lachmann brackets the [[clause]]); τό [[πρόσωπον]] τῆς γενέσεως, the [[face]] [[with]] [[which]] [[one]] is [[born]] (A. V. his [[natural]] [[face]]), πίπτειν [[ἐπί]] [[πρόσωπον]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 27,1n.; 122 (116)) and [[ἐπί]] τό [[πρόσωπον]], [[ἔπεσαν]] [[ἐπί]] τά πρόσωπα, G L T Tr WH); ἀγνωυμενος τίνι τῷ προσώπῳ, [[unknown]] to [[one]] by [[face]], i. e. [[personally]] [[unknown]], προσώπῳ, οὐ [[καρδία]] (A. V. in [[presence]], [[not]] in [[heart]]), [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]], in or toward (i. e. so as to [[look]] [[into]]) the [[face]], i. e. [[before]], in the [[presence]] of ([[see]] [[κατά]], II:1c.): opposed to [[ἀπών]], τίνος added, [[before]] (the [[face]] of) [[one]], [[ἔχω]] τινα [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]], i. e. to [[have]] [[one]] [[present]] in [[person]] (A. V. [[face]] to [[face]]), [[ἀντέστην]] [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]], I resisted him to the [[face]] ([[with]] a [[suggestion]] of [[fearlessness]]), [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]] λέγειν [[τούς]] λόγους, [[Polybius]] 25,5, 2; [[add]] ἀντιστῆναι [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]] τίνος [[simply]] denotes to [[stand]] [[against]], [[resist]], [[withstand]]); τά [[κατά]] [[πρόσωπον]] the things [[before]] the [[face]], i. e. [[open]], [[known]] to [[all]], ὁρᾶν τό [[πρόσωπον]] τίνος, to [[see]] [[one]]'s [[face]], [[see]] him [[personally]], [[ἰδεῖν]], θεωρεῖν, [[θεωρέω]], 2a.); [[particularly]], βλέπειν τό [[πρόσωπον]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ ([[see]] [[βλέπω]], 1b. β.), ὁρᾶν τό [[πρόσωπον]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ ([[see]] [[ὁράω]], 1), ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ [[πρόσωπον]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, to [[appear]] [[before]] the [[face]] of God, [[spoken]] of Christ, the [[eternal]] [[priest]], [[who]] has entered [[into]] the [[heavenly]] [[sanctuary]], אֵל־פָּנִים פָּנִים we [[have]] the [[phrase]] [[πρόσωπον]] [[πρός]] [[πρόσωπον]], [[face]] (turned ([[see]] [[πρός]], I:1a., p. 541 b)) to [[face]] ([[εἶδον]] τινα, [[βλέπω]] [[namely]], [[τόν]] Θεόν, [[see]] God [[face]] to [[face]], i. e. [[discern]] [[perfectly]] his [[nature]], [[will]], purposes, [[πρό]] προσώπου τίνος (פ לִפנֵי) (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 65,4b. at the [[end]]; Buttmann, 319 (274)), i. e. [[before]] [[one]], to [[announce]] his [[coming]] and [[remove]] the obstacles from his [[way]], [[πρό]] προσώπου τίνος (of [[time]]) [[before]] a [[thing]], לִפְנֵי in Sept. [[simply]] [[πρό]] (cf. [[πρό]], b., p. 536b [[bottom]])). [[πρός]] φωτισμόν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, [[that]] we [[may]] [[bring]] [[forth]] [[into]] the [[light]] the [[knowledge]] of the [[glory]] of God as it shines in the [[face]] of Jesus Christ, [[πρόσωπον]] is '[[face]],' and Paul is led to [[use]] the [[word]] by [[what]] he had said in [[countenance]], [[look]] (Latin vultus), i. e. the [[face]] so [[far]] [[forth]] as it is the [[organ]] of [[sight]], and (by its [[various]] movements and changes) the [[index]] of the [[inward]] thoughts and feelings: κλίνειν τό [[πρόσωπον]] [[εἰς]] [[τήν]] γῆν, to [[bow]] the [[face]] to the [[earth]] (a [[characteristic]] of [[fear]] and [[anxiety]]), τό [[πρόσωπον]] [[τοῦ]] κυρίου [[ἐπί]] τινα, [[namely]], ἐστιν, the [[face]] of the Lord is (turned) [[upon]] [[one]], i. e. he looks [[upon]] and watches him, στηρίζειν τό [[πρόσωπον]] ([[Hebrew]] שׂוּם or פָּנִים נָתַן; cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, ii., p. 1109 on the [[same]] [[form]] of [[expression]] in Syriac, Arabic, Persian, Turkish) [[τοῦ]] πορεύεσθαι [[εἰς]] [[with]] an accusative of the [[place]] (A. V. [[steadfastly]] to [[set]] [[one]]'s [[face]] to go etc. ([[see]] [[στηρίζω]], a.)), τό [[πρόσωπον]] τίνος ἐστι πορευόμενον [[εἰς]] [[with]] the accusative of [[place]], τό [[πρόσωπον]] [[σου]] πορευόμενον ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν, [[ἀπό]] προσώπου τίνος φεύγειν, to [[flee]] in [[terror]] from the [[face]] (German Anblick) of [[one]] enraged, κρύπτειν τινα etc. ([[see]] [[κρύπτω]], a.), [[ἀνάψυξις]] [[ἀπό]] προσώπου Θεοῦ, the [[refreshing]] [[which]] comes from the [[bright]] and [[smiling]] [[countenance]] of God to [[one]] [[seeking]] [[comfort]], [[ἀπό]], p. 59a [[middle]]; [[μετά]] [[τοῦ]] προσώπου [[σου]], [[namely]], [[ὄντα]], in the [[presence]] of [[thy]] [[joyous]] [[countenance]] ([[see]] [[μετά]], I:2b. β'.), [[εἰς]] [[πρόσωπον]] [[τῶν]] ἐκκλησιῶν, turned [[unto]] (i. e. in (R. V.)) the [[face]] of the churches as the witnesses of [[your]] [[zeal]], [[ἵνα]] ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων ... [[διά]] πολλῶν εὐχαριστηθῇ, [[that]] from [[many]] faces (turned toward God and expressing the [[devout]] and [[grateful]] feelings of the [[soul]]) [[thanks]] [[may]] be rendered by [[many]] ([[accordingly]], [[both]] ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων and [[διά]] πολλῶν belong to εὐχαριστηθῇ (cf. Meyer ad loc.; [[see]] [[below]])), [[ἀπό]] προσώπου τίνος (פ מִפְּנֵי), from the [[sight]] or [[presence]] of [[one]], A. V. [[before]] the [[face]]; ἐν προσώπῳ Χριστοῦ, in the [[presence]] of Christ, i. e. Christ looking on (and approving), [[πρόσωπον]] [[here]] and in [[person]] (cf. R. V.): — [[here]] [[nearly]] equivalent to on the [[part]] of (Vulg. in persona Christi); [[there]] equivalent to 'an [[individual]]' ([[Plutarch]], de garrul. 13, p. 509b.; [[Epictetus]] diss. 1,2, 7; [[Polybius]] 8,13, 5; 12,27, 10; 27,6, 4; Clement of [[Rome]], 1 Corinthians 1,1 [ET]; 47,6 [ET]; Phryn., p. 379, and Lobeck's [[note]], p. 380)).<br /><b class="num">c.</b> Hebraistically, the [[appearance]] [[one]] presents by his [[wealth]] or [[poverty]], his [[rank]] or [[low]] [[condition]]; [[outward]] circumstances, [[external]] [[condition]]; so used in expressions [[which]] [[denote]] to [[regard]] the [[person]] in [[one]]'s [[judgment]] and [[treatment]] of men: βλέπειν [[εἰς]] [[πρόσωπον]] ἀνθρώπων, θαυμάζειν πρόσωπα, λαμβάνειν [[πρόσωπον]] (τίνος), [[βλέπω]], 2c., [[θαυμάζω]] [[λαμβάνω]], I:4). καυχᾶσθαι ἐν προσώπῳ [[καί]] οὐ [[καρδία]], to [[glory]] in those things [[which]] [[they]] [[simulate]] in [[look]], viz. [[piety]], [[love]], [[righteousness]], [[although]] [[their]] [[heart]] is devoid of these virtues, the [[outward]] [[appearance]] of [[inanimate]] things (A. V. [[face]] ([[except]] in James as [[below]])): [[τοῦ]] ἄνθους, [[τοῦ]] οὐρανοῦ, τῆς γῆς, T brackets; WH [[reject]] the [[passage]]); Psalm 103(104):Ovid. metam. 1,6; maris facies, Vergil Aen. 5,768; on [[this]] [[use]] of the [[noun]] facies [[see]] Aulus Gellius, noctes atticae 13,29); [[surface]]: τῆς γῆς, [[πᾶς]], I:1c.) (Genesis 11:8).