ἕννυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=or ἑννύω (Hsch., cf. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-, καθ-</b>), Ion. εἵνυμι, εἱνύω (cf. <b class="b3">ἐπι-, κατα-</b>): fut. [[ἕσω]] (ἀμφι-) <span class="bibl">Od.5.167</span>, Ep. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἕσσω <span class="bibl">16.79</span>, etc.: Ep. aor. ἕσσα <span class="bibl">Il.5.905</span> (the common form only in compd. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έσαιμι, ἀμφι-έσασα</b>):—Med., ἕννῠμαι <span class="bibl">Od.6.28</span>: impf. ἕννῠτο <span class="bibl">5.230</span>: Ep. fut. [[ἑσσομαι]] (ἐπιϝ-, ἐφ-) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>11.16</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.1.691</span>: aor. (ἀμφὶ) . . ἕσατο <span class="bibl">Il. 14.178</span>, Ep. (ἐπὶ) <b class="b3"> . . ἕσσαντο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">350</span>: Ep. 3sg. (ἀμφὶ) . . ἑέσσατο <span class="bibl">10.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.529</span>:—Pass., pf. [[εἷμαι]], [[εἷται]], <span class="bibl">19.72</span>,<span class="bibl">11.191</span>, but 2sg. ἕσσαι <span class="bibl">24.250</span>, 3sg. [[ἕσται]] (ἐπι-) Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>: plpf. 2sg. ἕσσο <span class="bibl">Il.3.57</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 16.199</span>, 3sg. ἕστο <span class="bibl">Il.23.67</span>, Ep. ἕεστο <span class="bibl">12.464</span>, 3dual ἕσθην <span class="bibl">18.517</span>,3pl. [[εἵατο]] ib.<span class="bibl">596</span>; part. [[εἱμένος]] (v. infr.). (<b class="b2">ves-</b>, cf. Lat. [[vestis]], Skt. [[váste]] 'clothes himself': <b class="b3">ϝεσ-</b> in [[βέστον]], [[γεστία]], [[γέστρα]] (qq. vv.), cf. ϝῆμα <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>3.38.):—[[put clothes on]] another, c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">κεῖνός σε χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε ἑσσει</b> he [[will clothe]] thee [[in]] cloak and frock, <span class="bibl">Od. 15.338</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.79</span>; χαρίεντα δὲ εἵματα ἕσσε <span class="bibl">Il.5.905</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Med. and Pass., c. acc. rei only, [[clothe oneself in]], [[put on]], [[wear]], κακὰ δὲ χρ εἵματα εἷμαι <span class="bibl">Od.23.115</span>; χλαίνας εὖ εἱμένοι <span class="bibl">15.331</span>; freq. of armour, ἕσσαντο περὶ χροῒ νώροπα χαλκόν <span class="bibl">Il.14.383</span>, etc.; [<b class="b3">ἀσπίδας] ἑσσάμενοι</b>, of tall shields which [[covered]] the whole person, ib.<span class="bibl">372</span>; [<b class="b3">ξυστὰ] κατὰ στόμα εἱμένα χαλκῷ</b> shafts [[clad]] with brass at their point, <span class="bibl">15.389</span>; of any covering, [[wrap]], [[shroud oneself in]], <b class="b3">χλαίνας . . καθύπερθεν ἕσασθαι</b>, of bed-clothes, <span class="bibl">Od.4.299</span>; ἐπὶ δὲ νεφέλην ἕσσαντο <span class="bibl">Il.14.350</span>; <b class="b3">ἠέρα ἑσσαμένω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">282</span>; εἱμένος ὤμοιιν νεφέλην <span class="bibl">15.308</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">λάϊνον ἕσσο χιτῶνα</b> thou [[hadst been clad]] in coat of stone, i.e. stoned, <span class="bibl">3.57</span>; τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σκότον εἱμένος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1701</span>; τρυχηρὰ περὶ τρυχηρὸν εἱμένην χρόα λακίσματ' <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>496</span>: metaph. also, φρεσὶν εἱμένος ἀλκήν <span class="bibl">Il.20.381</span>.—Twice in Trag., elsewhere in Compds., as always in Prose.</span>

|etymtx=-μαι<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[cloth]], [[put on]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Ion. [[εἵνυμι]], <b class="b3">-μαι</b>, impf. <b class="b3">κατα-είνυον Ψ</b> 135 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] <b class="b3">-νυσαν</b>, <b class="b3">-λυον</b>; cf. [[εἰλύω]]), aor. <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)αι</b>, <b class="b3">-ασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ἕσ(σ)ω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, Att. [[ἀμφιῶ]], <b class="b3">-οῦμαι</b>, perf. med. [[εἷμαι]], [[ἕσσαι]], [[εἷται]] or [[ἕσται]], [[εἱμένος]], plupef.. [[ἕστο]], [[ἕεστο]] (Il.; cf. below), Att. [[ἠμφίεομαι]], [[ἠμφιεσμένος]], poet. [[ἀμφεμμένος]], aor. pass. ptc. [[ἀμφιεσθείς]] (Hdn.)<br />Compounds: Often with preverb, esp. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-</b> (always in Attic); also <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπαμφι-</b> etc. New presents: <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έζω</b>, [[ἀμφιάζω]] (s. v.).<br />Derivatives: [[ἑανός]] name of a womans cloth s. v. [[εἵματα]] pl. (rarely sg.) [[clothes]], [[cover]] (Il.), Aeol. <b class="b3">(Ϝ)έμματα</b> (<b class="b3">γέμματα ἱμάτια</b> H.), Cret. [[Ϝῆμα]] (<b class="b3">γῆμα ἱμάτιον</b> H.), also gen. sg. [[Ϝήμας]], of [[Ϝήμα]] f. (cf. [[γνῶμα]] ἕννυμι [[γνώμη]] a. o.); often as 2. member, e. g. <b class="b3">εὑ-</b>, [[κακοείμων]]. Diminut. [[εἱμάτια]] pl., Att. [[ἱμάτια]], <b class="b3">-ιον</b> (s. v.), with [[ἱματίδιον]], <b class="b3">-ιδάριον</b>, [[ἱματίζω]], [[ἱματισμός]]. [[ἔσθος]] n. [[clothes]], [[dress]] (Ω 94, Ar. [lyr. u. dor.]), formation like [[ἄχθος]], [[πλῆθος]] etc. (Schwyzer 511, Benveniste Origines 199); denomin. perfect [[ἤσθημαι]], mostly in ptc. [[ἠσθημένος]] (<b class="b3">ἐ-</b>) [[clothed]] (Ion.) with [[ἐσθήματα]] pl. [[clothes]] (trag., Th.), [[ἐσθήσεις]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ath.); cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 106f. More usual than [[ἔσθος]] is [[ἐσθής]] (Pi. [[ἐσθάς]]), <b class="b3">-ῆτος</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Od.); explan. by Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 1, 527, Schwyzer IF 30, 443; lengthened dat. pl. [[ἐσθήσεσι]] (hell.). [[γέστρα]] (= [[Ϝέστρα]]; cod. [[γεστία]], s. below) [[ἔνδυσις]], [[στολή]], [[ἱμάτια]] H.; s. Latte; to <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b> resp. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έννυμι</b>: [[ἐφεστρίς]] f. [[upper garment]], [[coat]] (X.), <b class="b3">ἀμφι-εστρίς</b> f. [[coat]], [[sleeping garment]] (Poll.); on the formation Schwyzer 465, Chantr. Form. 338. From <b class="b3">ἀμφι-έννυμι</b> further [[ἀμφίεσμα]] (Ion.-Att.), <b class="b3">-ίεσις</b> (Sch.), <b class="b3">-ιεσμός</b> (D. H. 8, 62; [[varia lectio|v.l.]] <b class="b3">-ιασμός</b>, from [[ἀμφιάζω]]).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1172] <b class="b2">*u̯es-</b> [[cloth]]<br />Etymology: The present [[ἕννυμι]], [[εἵνυμι]] < <b class="b3">*Ϝέσ-νυ-μι</b> (Att. <b class="b3">-νν-</b> from restored <b class="b3">-σν-</b>, Schwyzer 284, 312, 322, Lejeune Traité de phon. 105) is identical with Arm. [[z-genum]] [[put on]] (aor. <b class="b2">z-ge-c̣ay</b>, med.). Beside this <b class="b2">nu-</b>present an athem. rootpresent in Indoiranian and Hittite, Skt. <b class="b2">vás-te</b> [[clothes himself]], Hitt. impv. act. 2. pl. <b class="b2">u̯eš-ten</b>, ind. pres. med. 3. sg. <b class="b2">u̯eš-ta</b>. Exactly parallel are the perfekt forms [[εἷμαι]] < <b class="b3">*Ϝέσ-μαι</b>, with analog. [[εἷται]], 2. sg. <b class="b3">ἕσ-σαι</b> (Od.), 3. sg. <b class="b3">ἐπί-εσται</b> (Hdt. 1, 47, = aind. <b class="b2">vás-te</b>); perhaps these are reinterpreted (ptc. [[εἱμένος]]) old presents; see Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 297, Schwyzer 767. One the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist cf. Toch. B pret. [[wässāte]] [[he put on]] and Pedersen 106. - The nominal derivv. can be old: [[ἑανός]] m.: Skt. <b class="b2">vás-ana-m</b> n. [[cloth]]; [[εἷμα]] = Skt. <b class="b2">vás-man-</b> n. [[cloth]]; [[Ϝέστρα]] : Skt. <b class="b2">vás-tra-m</b> n. <b class="b2">id.</b>, MHG [[wes-ter]] [[christening robe]]. Greek does not have (except uncertain [[γεστία]], s. above) the normal <b class="b2">t-</b>deriv. in Lat. <b class="b2">ves-ti-s</b>, Arm. [[zges-t]] (instr. [[zgest-u]], <b class="b2">u-</b>stem), Goth. [[wasti]], Toch. B [[was-tsi]] (prop. inf.). - See Ernout-Meillet s. [[vestis]]. The idea that IE. <b class="b2">u̯es-</b> [[cloth]] is a deriv. of <b class="b2">eu-</b> (<b class="b2">*h₁eu-</b>) [[put on]] in Lat. [[ind-uō]] etc.is impossible because of the <b class="b2">h₁-</b>.