μέσος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, also Arc. (v. [[ἰμέσος]], [[μεσακόθεν]]); Ep. μέσσος (also Aeol., Sapph.1.12, <span class="title">IG</span>11(4).1064b32, and Lyr., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.224</span>, and sometimes in Trag., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>403</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1247</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>635</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1223</span>, <span class="bibl">1236</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>255.5</span>), Boeot., Cret. μέττος, <span class="title">IG</span>7.2420.20 (iii B. C.), <span class="title">GDI</span> 5000 ii <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> b 2 (v B. C.):—[[middle]], [[in the middle]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of Space, esp. with Nouns, of the [[middle]] point or part, μ. σάκος <span class="bibl">Il.7.258</span>; ἱστίον <span class="bibl">1.481</span>; [[οὐρανός]] [[zenith]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.400</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἀπήνης</b> from [[mid]] chariot, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>812</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰθέρι μ</b>. in [[mid]]-air, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>416</span>; <b class="b3">μ. μετώπῳ</b> in the [[middle]] of the forehead, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>128.30</span> (i A. D.): in Prose freq. preceding the Art., κατὰ μέσον τὸν σταθμόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.14</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. τῇ χώρᾳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.1.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ μ. τῆς νήσου, κατὰ μ. τὴν νῆσον</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113d</span>, <span class="bibl">119d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μέσου τοῦ τμάματος</b> at the [[middle point]] of the segment, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Aequil.</span>1.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἁ ἐπὶ μέσαν τὰν βάσιν ἀγομένα</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[εὐθεῖα]]) ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>: sometimes following the Noun, ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ μέσῃ <span class="bibl">D.29.12</span>: less freq. [[midmost]], [[central]], of three or more objects, μ. ὁδός <span class="bibl">Thgn.220</span>, <span class="bibl">331</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. [δάκτυλος</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>523c</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μ. στῖφος</b> the [[central]] division of the army, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.13</span>; [[μέσον]], [[τό]], [[centre]], ἡ ἐπὶ τὸ μ. φορά <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Protr.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> with a Verb, <b class="b3">ἔχεται μ</b>. [[by the middle]], [[by the waist]], [[proverb|prov.]] from the wrestling-ring, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>387</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span> 571</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>1047</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>469</span>; μέσην λαβόντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>274</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.107</span>, <span class="bibl">D.53.17</span>; ὁ πέπλος ἐρράγη μ. <span class="bibl">Philippid.25.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> c. gen., [[midway between]], ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀλίγον μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>303a</span> (also <b class="b3">μ. ἐπ' ἀμφότερα</b>, ibid.):—S. has μέσος ἀπὸ [τοῦ κρατῆρος] τοῦ τε πέτρου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span> 1595</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of [[time]], Hom. only in phrase <b class="b3">μέσον ἦμαρ</b> [[mid]]day, <span class="bibl">Il.21.111</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.288</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.113</span>; μέσαι νύκτες Sapph.52, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.181</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>7.8.12</span>, etc.; θέρευς ἔτι μέσσου ἐόντος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>502</span>; χειμῶνος μέσου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>569.1</span>; μ. ἡμέρα <span class="bibl">Hdn.8.5.9</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἡλικία</b> [[middle]] age, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>316c</span>: so μέσοι τὴν ἡλικίαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ep.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">μέσος ἀκμῆς</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.164</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[impartial]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.83</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.113(1).27</span> (vi A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[inter-mediate]], freq. c. gen., μ. τις γέγονα χρηματιστὴς τοῦ τε πάππου καὶ τοῦ πατρός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>330b</span>; ψιλὸν μὲν τὸ π, δασὺ δὲ τὸ φ, μέσον δὲ ἀμφοῖν τὸ β <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span> (v. infr. d); <b class="b3">ἡ τρίτη καὶ μ. τῶν εἰρημένων δυεῖν ἁρμονιῶν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">24</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. χαρακτήρ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">21</span>; [[indeterminate]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Par.</span>28</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μ</b>. [[things indifferent]] (neither good nor bad), <span class="title">Stoic.</span>3.135, al.; of words such as [[τύχη]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>626.38</span>; [[ζῴδια]] (neither lucky nor unlucky) <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.93.9</span>; μ. δίαιτα <span class="bibl">Diocl.Fr.141</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Sor.1.46</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> Gramm., of Verbs, [[middle]], <span class="bibl">Eust. 1846.30</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μ. διάθεσις, σχήματα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>226.10</span>, <span class="bibl">210.18</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἐνεστώς</b> present [[middle]], ib.<span class="bibl">278.25</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> Gramm., of consonants, Lat. [[mediae]], i. e. βγδ, <span class="bibl">D.T.631.23</span>: but also of [[semi-vowels]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>18c</span>: of accent, <b class="b3">ὀξύτητι καὶ βαρύτητι καὶ τῷ μέσῳ</b>, i. e. the [[circumflex]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Po.</span>1456b33</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[middling]], [[moderate]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of size, <b class="b3">μέσοι ὀφθαλμοί, ὦτα, γλῶττα</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>492a8</span>,<span class="bibl">33</span>,<span class="bibl">b31</span>; <b class="b3">μ. μεγέθει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">496a21</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>1p.37</span> (iii B. C.); [[μ]]. alone, [[of middle height]], PGrenf.2.23 (a) ii 3 (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 73.13</span> (i A. D.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of class or quality, πάντων μέσ' ἄριστα <span class="bibl">Thgn. 335</span>; παντὶ μέσῳ τὸ κράτος θεὸς ὤπασεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>529</span> (lyr.); μ. ἐν πόλει <span class="bibl">Phoc.12</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἀνήρ</b> a man [[of middle rank]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.107</span>; μ. πολίτης <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>; τὰ μ. τῶν πολιτῶν <span class="bibl">Id.3.82</span> (so τῶν ἀνὰ πόλιν τὰ μ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.52</span>); <b class="b3">οἱ μ</b>., between <b class="b3">οἱ εὔποροι</b> and <b class="b3">οἱ ἄποροι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1289b31</span>, <span class="bibl">1295b3</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ μ. πολῖται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1296a19</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">1295b37</span>; <b class="b3">μ. [πολιτεία</b>] ib.<span class="bibl">1296a7</span>; ὁ μ. βίος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Luct.</span>9</span>; [[mediocre]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>346d</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν ἑταιρῶν αἱ μ</b>. Theopomp. Com.<span class="bibl">21</span>. Adv. [[μέσως]], [[ἱκανόν]] [[fairly]] adequate, Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.4S. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[μέσον]], [[τό]], [[midst]], [[intervening space]], mostly with Preps., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">ἐν μέσσῳ</b>, = [[ἐν μεταιχμίῳ]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.69</span>,<span class="bibl">90</span>; ἐν τῷ μ. [[in the midst]], Ev.Matt.14.6; <b class="b3">ἡ 'ν μέσῳ [μοῖρα] σῴζει πόλεις</b> the [[middle]] class, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>244</span>: without ἐν, ἔμβαλε μέσσῳ <span class="bibl">Il.4.444</span>; ἔνθορε μέσσῳ <span class="bibl">21.233</span>; μέσσῳ ἀμφοτέρων <span class="bibl">3.416</span>, <span class="bibl">7.277</span>; τῶνδέ τ' ἐν μ. πεσεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>583</span>; ἐν μ. λόγους ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hel.</span> 630</span>; μῆκος ἐν μ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>735</span>; χρόνος οὑν μ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>589</span> (troch.); <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν μ</b>. what [[went between]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>583</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν μ. λόγοι</b> the [[intervening]] words, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1364</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>819</span>; κλίνης ἐν μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1150</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. ἡμῶν καὶ βασιλέως</b> [[between]] us and him, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.3</span>; σοφίας καὶ ἀμαθίας ἐν μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>203e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μ. νυκτῶν</b> at [[mid]]night, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.52</span>; <b class="b3">ἆθλα κείμεν' ἐν μέσῳ</b> [[offered for competition]] (cf. infr. b), <span class="bibl">D.4.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.994</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.21</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ τιμὴ ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἔστω</b> [[deposited]] with the court, <span class="bibl">Herod.2.90</span>: without <b class="b3">ἐν, καὶ μέσῳ πάντες καὶ χωρὶς ἕκαστος</b> both [[collectively]] and severally, <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).872.27,31,38, al. (Tenos): in plural, κεῖτο δ' ἄρ' ἐν μέσσοισι <span class="bibl">Il.18.507</span>; ἐν μέσοισ' <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.7</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν μέσῳ εἶναι τοῦ συμμεῖξαι</b> to stand [[in the way of]]... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.26</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ γὰρ θάλαττα ἐν τῷ μ</b>. is an [[obstacle]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ath.</span>2.2</span>; οὐδεὶς ἐν μέσσῳ γείτων πέλεν <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.17</span>; οὐδὲν ἂν ἦν ἐν μ. πολεμεῖν ἡμᾶς <span class="bibl">D.23.183</span>; cf. [[ἰμέσος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἐς μέσον, ἐς μ. ἀμφοτέρων</b>, freq. in Hom. for <b class="b3">ἐς μεταίχμιον</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.4.79</span>, <span class="bibl">6.120</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὶ δὲ νικηθέντι γυναῖκ' ἐς μέσσον ἔθηκε</b> [[deposited]] her [[as a prize]] (cf. supr. a), <span class="bibl">23.704</span>; ἐς μ. δεικνύναι τινί τι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>42.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. ἵεσθαι, ἐλθεῖν, παρελθεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>514</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.183</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Agis</span>9</span>; ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι… δικάσσατε <span class="bibl">Il.23.574</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ μ. φέρειν</b> bring forward [[publicly]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.97</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.139</span>; ἐς τὸ μ. λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt. 6.129</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ πρήγματα</b> to give up the power [[in common to all]], <span class="bibl">Id.3.80</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς μ. τὴν ἀρχὴν τιθεὶς ἰσονομίην ὑμῖν προαγορεύω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">142</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ μέσου</b> [[away]], ἐκ μ. ἀνελεῖν <span class="bibl">D.10.36</span>, <span class="bibl">18.294</span>; [χειρόγραφον] ἦρκεν ἐκ τοῦ μ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Col.</span>2.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.3.15</span>; also <b class="b3">ἐκ μ</b>. [[a half]], ἔτη ὀκτὼ καὶ ἔνατον ἐκ μ. <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>; also <b class="b3">ἐκ μ. κατῆστο</b> remained [[in the middle]], i. e. neutral (cf. ἐκ <span class="bibl">1.6</span> fin.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.83</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.118</span>, <span class="bibl">8.22</span>,<span class="bibl">73</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">διὰ μέσου</b> [[between]], τὸ διὰ μ. ἔθνος <span class="bibl">Id.1.104</span>; διὰ μ. ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.3</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μ. γενέσθαι</b> [[intervene]], of an event, <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>: c. gen., διὰ μέσου τῆς πόλεως ῥεῖ ποταμός <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>1.2.23</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μ. ῥεῖ τούτων ποταμός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.4.4</span>, etc.; τὸ τούτων διὰ μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>805e</span>; also <b class="b3">οἱ διὰ μέσου</b> the [[middle]] party, the [[moderates]], <span class="bibl">Th. 8.75</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.25</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ διὰ μ</b>. the [[middle]] class, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1296a8</span>; of [[time]], ὁ διὰ μ. χρόνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.112</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ διὰ μ. ξύμβασις</b> an [[interim]] agreement, <span class="bibl">Th.5.26</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μέσου</b>, as a figure of speech, [[use of parenthesis]], <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Fig.</span>p.95S.</span> </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ἀν (ὀν) τὸ μ</b>. [[in the midst]], <span class="bibl">Alc.18.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Xenoph.1.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.839</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ μέσον</b> [[midway between]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>496a22</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph. 13</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.21</span>, etc.; ἀνὰ μ. τοῦ ναοῦ καὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ <span class="title">GDI</span>2010 (Delph.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>13.9</span> (ii B. C.), al.; θρὶξ ἀνὰ μέσσον <span class="bibl">Theoc.14.9</span>; ἀνὰ μέσσα <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>167</span>; also <b class="b3">ἀνὰ μέσον φέρε</b>, = [[μετρίως]], <span class="bibl">Men.531.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ μέσσον</b>, = [[ἐν μέσῳ]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.8</span>, <span class="bibl">16.285</span>, etc.: c. gen., <b class="b3">κὰδ δὲ μέσον τάφρου καὶ τείχεος ἷζον</b> [[between]], <span class="bibl">9.87</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[μέσον]], [[τό]], [[difference]], <b class="b3">τὸ μ. πρὸς τὰς μεγίστας καὶ ἐλαχίστας</b> [[the average]] between... <span class="bibl">Th.1.10</span>; <b class="b3">πολλὸν τὸ μ., πολὺ τὸ μ</b>., [[the difference]] is great, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.126</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>914</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">τὸ μ. οὐδὲν τῆς ἔχθρης ἐστί</b> there is no [[middle course]] for our enmity, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[middle state]], [[mean]], τὸ μ. καὶ τὸ εὖ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1109b26</span>; <b class="b3">ποιήματα μέσα</b>, opp. [[ὀγκώδη]], [[in the]] (correct) [[mean]], <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.5</span>. Adv. -ως, ἀναστρέφεσθαι Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.155S. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> in Logic, <b class="b3">τὸ μ</b>. [[the middle term]] of a syllogism, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ἄκρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span>66a30</span>; also <b class="b3">ὁ μ</b>. (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὅρος]]) ib.<span class="bibl">25b33</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> Math., [[middle]] terms in a proportion, <span class="bibl">Euc.6.16</span>; [[μέση]], or <b class="b3">μέση (μέσος) ἀνάλογον</b> a [[mean proportional]] (straight line or number), ib.<span class="bibl">13</span>, <span class="bibl">17</span>, <span class="bibl">8.11</span>, <span class="bibl">12</span>, al.; μέσης εὕρεσις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>413a19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>996b21</span>; [[μέση]] [[medial]], a specific kind of irrational (straight line), <span class="bibl">Euc.10.21</span>, al.; <b class="b3">μέσον ὀρθογώνιον</b> (χωρίον) [[medial]] rectangle (area), ib.<span class="bibl">24</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> Astron., <b class="b3">ὁ διὰ μέσων τῶν ζῳδίων κύκλος</b> the [[ecliptic]], <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.9.3</span>,<span class="bibl">4</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.2.21</span>, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>2.7: without [[κύκλος]], Eudox. ap. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1073b20</span>, <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.9.12</span>; simply, ὁ διὰ μέσων <span class="bibl">D.L.7.146</span>; but, <b class="b3">ὁ μέσος [κύκλος</b>] the [[equator]] of a rotating sphere, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1073b30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">μέσα, τά,</b> = [[μέζεα]], Blaes.<span class="bibl">p.191</span> K. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> = [[κοιλία]] <span class="bibl">1.3</span>, Herod.Med. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.5.27.3</span>, Gal.14.732: sg., <span class="bibl">Heph.Astr.1.1</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[τὰ μέσα]] <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>8(2).45). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[Μέσον]], [[τό]], one of the law-courts at Athens, Phot., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>120</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">οὐ τοῖς μέσοις τῆς βίας χρωμένη</b> no [[ordinary]] force, Hierocl.<span class="bibl">p.15</span> A. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[μέση]], ἡ, as [[substantive]], v. [[μέση]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> Adv. [[μέσον]], Ep. [[μέσσον]], [[in the middle]], <span class="bibl">Il.12.167</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.300</span>: c. gen., [[between]], οὐρανοῦ μ. χθονός &lt;τε&gt; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>983</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.22.10</span>; [[in the midst of]], μ. τῆς θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ex.</span>14.27</span>; μ. γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Phil.</span>2.15</span>: also in plural, μέσα αἰετὸς οὐρανοῦ ποτᾶται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>530</span> (lyr.), cf. Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>74.26. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> regul. Adv. μέσως, πόλεώς τ' οὐ μ. εὐδαίμονος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>873</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hec.</span>1113</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.23</span>; <b class="b3">καὶ μ</b>. even [[in a moderate degree]], even [[a little]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἔχειν πρός</b> or <b class="b3">περί τι</b> to be [[in the mean]]... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1105b28</span>, <span class="bibl">1119a11</span>; θερμότερον ἢ κραυρότερον ἢ μ. ἔχον <span class="bibl">Eub.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sosip. 1.53</span>; <b class="b3">μ. βεβιωκέναι</b> [[in a middle way]], i. e. neither well nor ill, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span> 113d</span>; μ. μεθύων <span class="bibl">Men.226</span>; <b class="b3">μ. διατιθέναι</b> [[in an intermediate way]], <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Gramm., [[in the middle voice]], <span class="bibl">A.D. <span class="title">Synt.</span>276.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> irreg. Comp. μεσαίτερος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>165b</span>: Sup. μεσαίτατος <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mu.</span>392b33</span>, <span class="bibl">Gem.9.3</span>, etc.; poet. μεσσότατος <span class="bibl">A.R.4.649</span>, <span class="bibl">Man. 6.373</span>. (Cf. Skt. [[mádhyas]] 'middle', Lat. [[medius]], etc.)</span>

|btext=η, ον :<br /><i>adj.</i> situé au milieu :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>au propre</i>;<br /><b>1</b> <i>en parl. de la partie médiane d'un objet</i> μέσον ἔχειν AR tenir par le milieu du corps, par la taille ; <i>avec idée de temps</i> μέσαι νύκτες HDT le milieu de la nuit;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en parl. de <i>pers.</i> ou de choses placées entre deux ou plusieurs autres</i>;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>fig.</i> <b>1</b> [[μέσος]] [[δικαστής]] THC arbitre;<br /><b>2</b> moyen, qui tient le milieu entre deux extrêmes, de moyenne situation, de moyenne grandeur : [[μέσος]] [[πολίτης]] THC, οἱ [[τοῦ]] μέσου βίου LUC citoyen, gens de condition moyenne, de classe moyenne;<br /><i>subst.</i> ;<br /><b>A.</b> ἡ [[μέση]];<br /><b>1</b> (<i>s.e.</i> [[χορδή]]) la corde du milieu dans la lyre primitive composée de trois cordes;<br /><b>2</b> ἡ [[μέση]] [[εὐθεῖα]] ([[γραμμή]]) la ligne droite, signe d'égalité entre deux membres d'une proportion;<br /><b>3</b> <i>t. de gramm.</i> l'accent intermédiaire, <i>càd</i> l'accent circonflexe;<br /><b>4</b> <i>t. de gramm.</i> ἡ [[μέση]] ([[διάθεσις]]) la voix moyenne;<br /><b>B.</b> τὸ μέσον :<br /><b>I.</b> le milieu d'un objet, le centre : [[εἰς]] τὸ μέσον [[τοῦ]] στρατοπέδου XÉN au milieu du camp ; τὸ μέσον ἡμέρας XÉN le milieu du jour ; <i>p. suite</i> :<br /><b>1</b> ce qui est au milieu, à la disposition de tous, en public : γυναῖκ’ [[ἐς]] μέσσον τιθέναι IL placer une femme comme prix de la lutte (pour le vaincu) au milieu de l'assemblée ; γνώμην [[ἐς]] τὸ μέσον φέρειν <i>ou</i> τιθέναι, apporter son avis, produire son opinion en public ; [[εἰς]] μέσον παριέναι, paraître en public ; [[ἐν]] μέσῳ, au milieu, <i>càd</i> à portée, promptement, aussitôt;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en mauv. part</i> obstacle, empêchement (<i>propr.</i> ce qui est au milieu de la route) : ἡ γὰρ [[θάλαττα]] [[ἐν]] [[τῷ]] μέσῳ XÉN car la mer fait obstacle ; [[τί]] δ’ [[ἐν]] μέσῳ ἐστὶ [[τοῦ]] συμμίξαι ; XÉN quel obstacle empêche d'en venir aux mains ?;<br /><b>II.</b> le milieu (entre deux ou plusieurs objets) : κατὰ μέσον IL, κατὰ μέσσον IL au milieu ; κὰδ δὲ μέσον τάφρου καὶ τείχεος IL entre le fossé et le mur ; κατὰ μέσον τῆς στρατιάς XÉN au milieu de l'armée ; [[ἐς]] μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι IL au milieu des deux ; τὸ μέσον, l'intervalle, la distance ATT ; <i>fig.</i> διὰ μέσου PLAT dans l'intervalle ; διὰ μέσου τούτων XÉN entre ces (portes) ; <i>fig.</i><br /><b>1</b> l'impartialité, la neutralité : [[ἐς]] μέσον ἀμφοτέροισι δικάσασθαι IL juger d'une manière impartiale pour tous deux ; ἐκ [[τοῦ]] μέσου κατῆσθαι <i>ou</i> ἕζεσθαι HDT rester impartial <i>ou</i> neutre;<br /><b>2</b> [[terme moyen]], [[moyenne]];<br /><b>3</b> <i>t. de gramm.</i> le Moyen;<br /><b>III.</b> la moitié : ἐκ μέσου, à moitié : ἔτη ὀκτὼ καὶ ἔνατον ἐκ μέσου THC huit ans et demi (<i>propr.</i> et le neuvième à moitié);<br /><b>C.</b> τὰ μέσα :<br /><b>1</b> [[le milieu]];<br /><b>2</b> (<i>s.e.</i> γράμματα <i>ou</i> στοιχεῖα) les consonnes mediae, <i>càd</i> les occlusives sonores (βδγ);<br /><i>adv.</i> • μέσον, <i>épq.</i> μέσσον, au milieu;<br /><i>Cp.</i> [[μεσαίτερος]], <i>Sp.</i> [[μεσαίτατος]], <i>poét.</i> [[μέσατος]], <i>épq.</i> [[μέσσατος]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' p. *μέθjος &gt; [[μέσσος]], [[μέσος]] ; cf. <i>lat.</i> medius, <i>skr.</i> madhyas.