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|Transliteration C=ponos | |Transliteration C=ponos | ||
|Beta Code=po/nos | |Beta Code=po/nos | ||
|Definition=ὁ, ([[πένομαι]]) < | |Definition=ὁ, ([[πένομαι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[work]], esp. [[hard work]], [[toil]], in Hom. mostly of the [[toil]] of [[war]], [[μάχη]]ς πόνος = the [[toil]] of [[battle]], Il.16.568; [[πόνος]] alone = [[μάχη]], 6.77, Od.12.117, al.; [[πόνον ἔχειν]] = [[μάχεσθαι]], Il.6.525, cf. 13.2, al.; ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι π. καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο 17.158; π. ἀνδρῶν Thgn.987; πόνοι Ἐνυαλίου Pi.''I.''6(5).54; <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ τῷ πόνῳ ὁ πολέμαρχος διαφθείρεται</b> in this [[struggle]] (at [[Marathon]]), Hdt.6.114; ἐν τοῖσι Τρωϊκοῖσι π. Id.9.27.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[toil]], [[labour]], ἐπεὶ παύσαντο πόνου Il.1.467, al.; <b class="b3">πόνον ὀρνίθεσσι τιθείη</b> [[cause]] [[toil]] to them, Hes.''Op.''470; <b class="b3">πόνον λαβόντας</b> [[incur]]ring [[toil]], Hdt.7.24; π. παρέχειν μανθάνοντι Pl.''R.'' 526c; [[μάταιος]] πόνος = [[labour]] [[in vain]], Id.''Ti.''40d; οἱ κατὰ τὰ σώματα π. Id.''Plt.''294e; π. συνεχής Democr.241; πολλῷ π. A.''Pers.''509; μετὰ πολλοῦ π. Pl.''Sph.''230a; σὺν π. X.''Cyn.''9.6; οὐ μακρῷ π. A.''Pr.''75; ἄνευ π. X.''Mem.''2.6.22; <b class="b3">ἔχει πόνον πολύν</b> [[involve]]s much [[trouble]], Ar.''Pax'' 1216 (also εἰνάλιον πόνον ἐχοίσας βαθύν σκευᾶς = when the [[tackle]] [[labour]]s in the depths of the sea, Pi.''P.''2.79): pl., π. ἑκούσιοι Democr.240.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of special kinds of labour, [[bodily]] [[exertion]], [[exercise]], στρατιωτικοὶ π. X.''Cyr.''3.3.9; of [[exertion]]s in the games, Hes.''Sc.''305, Pi.''N.''4.1, [[l]].4(3).47, etc.; <b class="b3">γυμνάσια... νεανιᾶν</b> (prob.) πόνον the [[scene]] of [[youthful]] [[labour]]s, E.''Hel.''211 (lyr.); εἰναλίοισι πόνοισι Theoc.21.39.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[work]], [[task]], [[business]], ἐπεὶ π. ἄλλος ἔπειγεν Od.11.54; [[enterprise]], [[undertaking]], S.''Ph.''864 (lyr.), etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[implement]]s for [[labour]], [[stock-in-trade]], οὗτος τοῖς ἁλιεῦσιν ὁ πᾶς πόνος Theoc.21.14; <b class="b3">καὶ πόνος ἐντὶ θάλασσα</b> the sea is their [[workshop]], Mosch.''Fr.''1.10.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[stress]], [[trouble]], [[distress]], [[suffering]], Il.19.227; Τρώεσσι πόνον καὶ κήδε' ἔθηκεν 21.525; ἦ μὴν καὶ π. ἐστὶν . . 2.291; <b class="b3">ἐν τούτῳ τῷ πόνῳ</b>, of a [[storm]], Hdt.7.190; ὁ Μηδικὸς [πόνος] the [[trouble]] from the [[Medes]], Id.4.1; παῦροι ἐν πόνῳ πιστοί Pi.''N.''10.78: freq. in Trag., πόνος πόνῳ πόνον φέρει S.''Aj.''866 (lyr.); πόνον ἔχειν Id.''OC''232 (lyr.), etc.: in plural, [[suffering]]s, A.''Pr.''66, 328, etc.; [[πόνους πονεῖν]] (cf. [[πονέω]] B.1.2); διά τινα πόνους ἔχειν Ar.''Ec.'' 975 (lyr.); also of [[disease]], κατέβαινεν ἐς τὰ στήθη ὁ π. Th.2.49; πλευρᾶς πόνοι καὶ θώρακος καὶ ἥπατος Dsc.1.2; <b class="b3">ἰσχίων πόνοις καὶ πλευρᾶς</b> ib. 73.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[pain]], esp. [[physical pain]], δύο π. ἅμα γενομένων, μὴ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὁ σφοδρότερος ἀμαυροῖ τὸν ἕτερον Hp.''Aph.''2.46, cf. Erot. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[πόνοι]], Gal.17(2).699; π. ἐν κεφαλῇ Hp.Acut.(Sp.) 40; ἐς τὰ ἄρθρα πόνοι Id.''Aph.''4.44,45, cf. Sor.1.27, al.; π. ἐς ἀμφοτέρας κνήμας Hp. ''Epid.''1.26.γ, cf. δ, al., [[LXX]] ''Ge.''34.25; distinguished from [[λύπη]] (pain in general), Alex.Aphr.''Quaest.''125.33; but sometimes = [[λύπη]], Epicur.''Ep.''3p.65U., ''Sent.Vat.''4, ''Fr.''442, Phld.''Mus.''p.72K.<br><span class="bld">III</span> anything produced by [[work]], a [[work]], <b class="b3">μελισσᾶν τρητὸς πόνος</b>, of [[honey]], Pi.''P.''6.54; ὑψηλὸς τεκτόνων π. A.''Fr.''357, cf. E.''Or.''1570; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐμὸς ὠδίνων πόνος</b>, the [[fruit]] of my [[birth-pain]]s, of a [[child]], Id.''Ph.''30; so, <b class="b3">πόνον ὀρταλίχων ὀλέσαντες</b>, i.e. the [[nestling]]s, A.''Ag.''54 (anap.); τοὺς ἡμετέρους πόνους = the [[fruit]]s of our [[labour]], X.''An.''7.6.9.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[Πόνος]] = [[Ponos]], personified as son of [[Eris]], Hes.''Th.''226. | ||
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|mantxt=(=[[κόπος]]). Ἀπό τό [[πένομαι]].<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[πονέω]] -ῶ, [[πόνημα]] (=[[ἔργο]]), [[διαπόνημα]], [[πονηρός]], [[πονηρία]], [[πονηρεύομαι]], [[πονήρευμα]], ἀπονήρευτος, [[πόνησις]], [[διαπόνησις]], [[καταπόνησις]], [[πονητέον]], [[πονητικός]], [[πονικός]] (=[[ἐργατικός]]), [[πεπονημένως]]. | |mantxt=(=[[κόπος]]). Ἀπό τό [[πένομαι]].<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[πονέω]] -ῶ, [[πόνημα]] (=[[ἔργο]]), [[διαπόνημα]], [[πονηρός]], [[πονηρία]], [[πονηρεύομαι]], [[πονήρευμα]], ἀπονήρευτος, [[πόνησις]], [[διαπόνησις]], [[καταπόνησις]], [[πονητέον]], [[πονητικός]], [[πονικός]] (=[[ἐργατικός]]), [[πεπονημένως]]. | ||
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|trtx====[[toil]]=== | |||
Arabic: كَدْح; Egyptian Arabic: شقى; Asturian: traxín; Azerbaijani: əmək, əziyyət, zəhmət; Bulgarian: тежка работа, трепане; Catalan: treball; Chinese Mandarin: 辛勞／辛劳; Czech: dřina, lopota; Dutch: [[gezwoeg]]; Finnish: ahkerointi, uurastus; German: [[Mühe]]; Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃; Greek: [[κόπος]], [[μόχθος]]; Ancient Greek: [[κόπος]], [[πόνος]]; Hebrew: עָמָל; Irish: sclábhaíocht; Istriot: fadeîga; Italian: [[lavoro]], [[fatica]]; Latin: [[labor]]; Maori: whakarīrā; Polish: trud; Portuguese: [[labuta]]; Russian: [[труд]], [[работа]]; Serbo-Croatian: rabota; Swedish: slit; Venetian: fadiga | |||
===[[pain]]=== | |||
Abkhaz: ахьаа; Adyghe: узы, уз; Afrikaans: pyn; Albanian: dhembje; Amharic: ጣረሞት; Arabic: أَلَم, وَجَع; Egyptian Arabic: ألم; Armenian: ցավ; Aromanian: dor; Assamese: বিষ; Asturian: dolor; Azerbaijani: ağrı, acı; Bashkir: ауыртыу; Basque: min; Belarusian: боль; Bengali: ব্যথা; Breton: poan; Bulgarian: болка; Burmese: ဝေဒနာ, ဒုက္ခ; Catalan: dolor; Chechen: лазар; Cherokee: ᎠᎩᏟᏱ; Chinese Dungan: тын; Mandarin: 疼痛, 苦痛, 疼, 痛, 痛苦; Chuvash: ырату; Crimean Tatar: ağrı, accı; Czech: bolest; Danish: smerte; Dutch: [[pijn]]; Esperanto: doloro; Estonian: valu; Faroese: pína, ilska, verkur, sviði; Finnish: kipu, kärsimys, särky, tuska, piina, jomotus; French: [[douleur]], [[mal]]; Old French: peine, dolor; Friulian: dolôr; Gagauz: aarı; Galician: dor; Georgian: ტკივილი; German: [[Schmerz]]; Greek: [[πόνος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀλγηδών]], [[ἄλγημα]], [[ἄλγος]], [[ἀνία]], [[ἄχεα]], [[ἄχη]], [[ἄχος]], [[δύα]], [[δύη]], [[ἐπωδυνία]], [[κάματος]], [[λύπη]], [[λύπημα]], [[ὀδύνη]], [[ὀδύνημα]], [[οἰζύς]], [[πένθος]], [[πῆμα]], [[πημονή]], [[πόνος]], [[ταλαιπωρία]]; Greenlandic: anniaat; Guaraní: rasy, tasy; Gujarati: પીડા; Hawaiian: ʻeha; Hebrew: כְּאֵב; Hindi: दर्द, पीड़ा, व्यथा; Hungarian: fájdalom, kín; Icelandic: sársauki, verkur; Ido: doloro; Indonesian: sakit, nyeri; Irish: pian; Istriot: dulur; Italian: [[dolore]]; Japanese: 痛み, 苦痛; Kannada: ನೋವು, ಬೇನೆ; Kashubian: bòlesc; Kazakh: ауру, жара, сыздау; Khmer: ជំហឺ, ការឈឺចាប់; Komi-Permyak: висьӧм; Korean: 아픔, 통증(痛症), 고통(苦痛); Kurdish Central Kurdish: ئازار, ژان; Northern Kurdish: elem; Kyrgyz: оору; Ladino Hebrew: דולור; Roman: dolor; Lao: ຄວາມເຈັບ; Latgalian: suope; Latin: [[dolor]]; Latvian: sāpes; Lithuanian: skausmas, kančia, gėla; Low German German Low German: Wehdag, Wehdaag; Luxembourgish: Péng; Macedonian: болка; Malay: sakit; Malayalam: വേദന; Maltese: uġigħ; Maori: mamae; Mongolian Cyrillic: өвчин; Mongolian: ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ; Mwani: malwazo; Navajo: diniih; Neapolitan: dulore; Nepali: पीडा; Ngazidja Comorian: ndroso; Northern Altai: аарыг; Norwegian Bokmål: smerte; Nynorsk: smerte; Occitan: dolor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: боль; Old East Slavic: боль; Old English: sār; Old Occitan: pena, dolor; Old Portuguese: door; Oriya: ପିଠ, କ୍ଳେଶ; Ossetian: рыст, рис; Pali: vedanā; Papiamentu: doló; Pashto: درد, دړد; Persian: درد; Pitjantjatjara: pika; Plautdietsch: Wee; Polish: ból; Portuguese: [[dor]]; Punjabi: ਦਰਦ, پِیڑ, دَرد, ڈول; Quechua: nanay; Romani: dukh; Romanian: durere, chin; Romansch: dolur, dalur, dolour, dulur; Russian: [[боль]]; Rusyn: боль, біль; Sanskrit: पीडा, व्यथा, बाधा; Saterland Frisian: Kwoal; Scottish Gaelic: pian, cràdh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: бо̑л, му̏ка; Roman: bȏl, mȕka; Sicilian: duluri, ruluri, diluri, riluri; Sindhi: سور; Sinhalese: වේදනාව; Slovak: bolesť; Slovene: bolečina; Slovincian: bȯ́u̯l; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: ból; Upper Sorbian: ból; Southern Altai: оору, сыс; Spanish: [[dolor]]; Swahili: umwa; Swedish: smärta; Tagalog: sakit, pananakit; Tajik: дард; Talysh: داژ; Tamil: வலி, வேதனை, நோவு; Tatar: ачы, авырту, сызлау, авырту; Telugu: నొప్పి; Thai: ความเจ็บ; Tibetan: ཟུག; Tigrinya: ቃንዛ; Tocharian B: lakle; Turkish: acı, ağrı; Turkmen: ajy, agyry; Tuvan: аарыг, аарышкылыы; Ukrainian: біль; Urdu: درد, پیڑا; Uyghur: ئاغرىق, ئەلەم, دەرد; Uzbek: ogʻriq, alam, dard; Venetian: dolor, dołor; Vietnamese: đau, sự đau đớn; Waray-Waray: ul-ul, su-ol; Welsh: poen, dolur; White Hmong: mob; Wolof: metit; Yakut: ыарыы; Yiddish: ווייטיק, וויי, יסורים, פּײַן, מיחוש, ווייעניש; Yucatec Maya: k'iinam; Zazaki: dej, tew; Zhuang: in, indot, inget | |||
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