νεῦρον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[sinew]], [[tendon]], once in Hom., in plural, of the [[tendon]]s at the [[feet]], περὶ δ' ἔγχεος αἰχμῇ νεῦρα διεσχίσθη Il.16.316, cf. Hp.''Art.'' 11, etc.; τὰ νεῦρα οἷα ἐπιτείνεσθαι καὶ ἀνίεσθαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 98c; <b class="b3">νεῦρον ἐξ ἰνῶν [γίγνεται]</b> Id.''Ti.''82c; <b class="b3">σάρκες καὶ νεῦρα</b> ibid.; σύγκειταί μου τὸ σῶμα ἐξ ὀστῶν καὶ νεύρων Id.''Phd.''98c, cf. Arist.''HA''515a27, al.: used adjectivally, ib.540a18 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]).<br><span class="bld">b</span> νεῦρον ἔναιμον [[vein]], Hp.''Liqu.''2, cf. Ruf. ''Onom.''208.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., in plural, [[nerves]], [[sinews]], <b class="b3">τὰ νεῦρα τῆς τραγῳδίας</b>, of the lyric odes, Ar.''Ra.''862; ὑποτέτμηται τὰ νεῦρα τῶν πραγμάτων Aeschin.3.166; ἕως ἐκτέμῃ ὥσπερ ν. ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 411b; <b class="b3">ἐκτ. τὰ νεῦρα [οἴνου]</b> Plu.2.692c; also <b class="b3">πόλις ἥτις μὴ νεῦρ' ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας</b> ἔχει D.19.283: less freq. in sg., τὸ νεῦρον ὑποκόπτοντες τῆς δυνάμεως J.''BJ'' 5.1.4; χρήματα νεῦρα πολέμου App.''BC''4.99.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[cord made of sinew]], e.g. [[bowstring]], Il.4.122; string fastening the head of the arrow to the shaft, ib.151; also [[δέρματα]] συρράπτειν νεύρῳ βοός Hes.''Op.''544; [[cord of a sling]], X.''An.''3.4.17, Q.S.11.112; [[bowstring]], Ach.Tat.3.8.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[νευρά]] 3, Plb.4.56.3, App.''Mith.''107.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[string]] of a [[lyre]], ''AP''9.584.9, Luc.''DMar.''1.4.<br><span class="bld">III</span> in plural, [[fibre]]s of [[plant]]s, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 280c.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[nerves]], as organs of [[sensation]], first in Erasistr. ap. Gal.5.602; <b class="b3">νεῦρα πρακτικά, νεῦρα αἰσθητικά</b>, etc., Ruf.''Onom.''211; <b class="b3">νεῦρα κινητικά, νεῦρα προαιρετικά</b>, Gal.2.613, 739; νεῦρον ἀκουστικόν Alex.Aphr.''Pr.''1.71, cf. Gal.2.831, Plot.4.3.23.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[penis]], Pl.Com.173.19, Gal.8.442. (Cf. Skt. snā́van-, Avest. snāvarə, 'sinew', 'bond'.)