ὅσος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ep. [[ὅσσος]], η, ον, both forms in Hom. and Hes.; [[ὅσσος]] also in [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''864 (lyr.); and in many dialects, e.g. Lesb., Alc.''Oxy.''1788 ''Fr.''15 ii 18 ([[ὄσσος]]), Arg., ''IG''4.748.5 (Troezen, iv B. C.), Thess., ib. 9(2).517.19, al.; Central Cret. ὄζος ''GDI''5090 (Lyttos), al., and ὄττος ib.5000 (Gortyn): Relat. and indirect interrog. Adj.:—of Size,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[as great as]], [[how great]]; of Quantity, [[as much as]], [[how much]]; of Space, [[as far as]], [[how far]]; of [[time]], [[as long as]], [[how long]]; of Number, [[as many as]], [[how many]]; of Sound, [[as loud as]], [[how loud]]: correl. with [[τόσος]] ([[τόσσος]]), [[τοσόσδε]], [[τοσοῦτος]], in sense [[as]], τόσσον χρόνον ὅσσον ἄνωγας Il.24.670, cf. Od.19.169; τόσονδ', ὅσον . . S.''El.''286; [[τοσοῦτον]] ὄχλον καὶ παρασκευήν, ὅσην . . D.4.35: sometimes with [[πᾶς]] or [[ἅπας]] as antec., χῶρον ἅπαντα ὅσσον . . Il.23.190; ἐκ πασέων, ὅσσαι . . Od.4.723; πάντα μάλ' ὅσσα . . Il.22.115; τοὺς πάντας... ὅσοι . . [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''976, etc.; also [[ὅσων]] . . ψαύοιμι, πάντων τῶνδ' ἀεὶ μετειχέτην [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1464: with [[ἴσος]], just so much [[as]], ἐμοὶ δ' ἴσον τῇς χώρας μέτα, ὅσονπερ ὑμῖν Ar.''Ec.''174, cf. D.21.44: freq. without antec., τῆς ἦ τοι φωνὴ μὲν ὅση σκύλακος νεογιλῆς Od.12.86, cf. 10.113, etc.; ἀσπίδες ὅσσαι ἄρισται Il.14.371, cf. 75,18.512; agreeing with an antec. implied in an Adj., <b class="b3">γυναικείας ἀρετῆς, ὅσαι . .</b> the [[virtue]] of [[all]] the [[women]], [[who]] . ., Th.2.45, cf. [[ὅς]] B. 1.1 : the Subst. freq. precedes, where we put it in the Relat. clause, <b class="b3">οὐδέ τι οἶδε πένθεος</b> (about the woe), ὅσσον ὄρωρε Il.11.658; <b class="b3">ὁρᾷς . . τὴν θεῶν ἰσχύν, ὅση [ἐστί]</b>; [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''118; <b class="b3">ὦ Ζεῦ... τὸ χρῆμα τῶν κόπων ὅσον</b>! Ar.''Ra.''1278; <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆμα τῶν νυκτῶν ὅσον· ἀπέραντον</b>! Id.''Nu.''2: and sometimes it is attracted to the case of the antec., <b class="b3">εὐτραφέστατον πωμάτων ὅσων ἵησιν</b> (for [[ὅσα]]) A.''Th.''309 (lyr.); joined with οἷος, ὅσσος ἔην οἷός τε Il.24.630; so ὅσσοι τε καὶ οἵτινες Od.16.236: repeated in the same clause, <b class="b3">τὸ δὲ ὅσον μέτρον ὅσοις [μειγνύμενον]</b> the quantities of the first ingredient and the others, Pl.''Ti.''68b; γαίης ὅσσης ὅσσον ἔχει μόριον ''AP''7.740 (Leon.) : perhaps sometimes followed by a partic. for a finite Verb, <b class="b3">ὅσοι συμπαρεπόμενοι</b> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]) X.''Eq.''11.12, cf. ''HG''6.1.10.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with a partit. gen. in the principal clause, Τρώων θάνον ὅσσοι ἄριστοι Il. 12.13; ἄριστοι ἵππων, ὅσσοι ἔασιν 5.267; Περσῶν ὅσοιπερ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''441; <b class="b3">οὔ τις . . ὀνόσσεται, ὅσσοι Ἀχαιοί</b> of all the Achaeans, Il.9.55; [τῶν στρατειῶν] ὅσαι τε καὶ μὴ ἐπικίνδυνοι which are and which are not... Pl.''R.''467d; on <b class="b3">τῶν ὅσοι</b>, v. [[ὁ]], [[ἡ]], τό A.III.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of [[time]], <b class="b3">ὅσαι ἡμέραι, ὅσα ἔτη</b>, etc., v. [[ὁσημέραι]].<br><span class="bld">4</span> with τις, in indirect questions, ἰδώμεθα . . ὅσσος τις χρυσὸς . . ἔνεστιν Od.10.45; ὅσον τι δένδρον . . γίνεται [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.193; <b class="b3">ὅσον τι ἐστί</b> ib.185; ὅσοι τινὲς ἐόντες . . Id.7.102, etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> with acc. of extent, <b class="b3">λίμνη . . μέγαθος, ὅσηπερ ἡ ἐν Δήλῳ</b> in size [[as large as]] that in Delos, Id.2.170, cf. 175, Pl.''R.''423b.<br><span class="bld">6</span> with Adjs. expressing Quantity, etc., both words being put in the same case, [πίθηκοι] ἄφθονοι ὅσοι . . γίνονται, i.e. in [[amazing]] [[number]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.194; <b class="b3">ὄχλος ὑπερφυὴς ὅσος</b> prodigiously large, Ar.''Pl.''750; χρήματα θαυμαστὰ ὅσα Pl.''Hp.Ma.''282c, cf. Luc.''Halc.''5, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπλάτων ὅσων, ἀμύθητα ὅσα</b>, Phld.''Rh.''1.3,91 S., cf. Corn.''ND''9; ὀλίγους ὅσους τῶν κοφίνων Luc. ''Alex.''1; ἐτόλμησαν ἐπιφύεσθαι ἡμεῖν πλεῖστοι ὅσοι ''SIG''888.65 (Thrace, iii A. D.); μετὰ ἱδρῶτος θαυμαστοῦ ὅσου Pl.''R.''350d; διὰ μυρίων ὅσων Longin.1.1: freq. in adverbial construction, θαυμαστὸν ὅσον ἐπιδιδόντες [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''150d; θ. ὅσον διαφέρει Id.''La.''184c; ἀμηχάνῳ δὴ ὅσῳ πλείονι Id.''R.''588a; τυτθὸν ὅσσον ἄπωθεν Theoc.1.45; βαιὸν ὅσον παραβάς ''AP''12.227 (Strat.).<br><span class="bld">7</span> with Sup., <b class="b3">ὅσας ἂν πλείστας δύνωνται καταστρέφεσθαι τῶν πολίων</b> the most they possibly could... [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.44, cf. Th.7.21; also [[ὅσον τάχος]] = [[as quickly as possible]], Ar.''Th.'' 727 (more freq. <b class="b3">ὅσον τάχιστα</b>, v. infr. IV. 4); <b class="b3">ὅσον σθένος</b> with all possible strength, Theoc.1.42, A.R.2.589.<br><span class="bld">8</span> c. inf., [[so much as is enough for]] . ., <b class="b3">ὅσον ἀποζῆν</b> [[enough]] to [[live]] off, Th.1.2; ἐλείπετο τῆς νυκτὸς ὅσον . . διελθεῖν τὸ πεδίον X.''An.''4.1.5; <b class="b3">εὐδαιμονίας τοσοῦτον, ὅσον δοκεῖν</b> so much [[as is enough for]] [[appearance]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1191 (lyr.), cf. Th.3.49, Pl.''R.''416e, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> for <b class="b3">ὅτι τοσοῦτος</b> (v. [[οἷος]] II.2,3, ὅς B. IV. 3), Od.4.75, E.''Hel.''74, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> followed by Particles:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[ὅσος ἄν]] ([[κεν]]) [[how]] [[great]] ([[many]]) [[soever]], with subj., Il.3.66, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὅσος δή</b> [[of such and such a size]] or [[of such and such a number]] (but in Hom. merely strengthened for [[ὅσος]], Od.15.487, al.), <b class="b3">κήρυγμα ἐποιήσατο... ζημίην τοῦτον ὀφείλειν, ὅσην δὴ εἴπας</b> naming [[such and such an amount]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.52; <b class="b3">ἐπέταξε τοῖσι . . ἔθνεσι γυναῖκας . . κατιστάναι, ὅσας δὴ ἐπιτάσσων</b> ordering [[such and such a number]], ib.159; <b class="b3">παρεσκευάζοντο ἐπὶ μισθῷ ὅσῳ δή</b> for payment [[of a certain amount]], Id.1.160; σιτία παρακαταλιπόντες ὅσων δὴ μηνῶν Id.4.151; so ὅσος δή κοτε Id.1.157; [[ὁσοσδηποτοῦν]], in plural, [[any number whatsoever]], Euc.9.9, al., Agatharch.34; ὁσοσδηοῦν [[however large]], Jul.''Or.''3.119a; ὅσος δή τις D.H.2.45, 4.60.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ὁσοσοῦν]], Ion. [[ὁσοσῶν]], [[ever so small]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.199 : in plural, [[however many]], Arist.''Pol.''1265a41; v. infr. IV. 6.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ὅσοσπερ]], [[precisely as great as]], τοῦ μὲν χειμῶνός ἐστι [ὁ Ἴστρος] [[ὅσοσπέρ]] ἐστι [[of its normal size]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.50, cf. 2.170, etc.: in plural, [[as many as]], Hes.''Th.''475, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 423,441; ἔθνεα πάντα ὅσαπερ ἦγε [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.87; ἅπαντα... ὅσαπέρ γ' ἔφασκον, κἄτι πολλῷ πλείονα Ar.''V.''806: but [[ὅσοσπερ]] can freq. hardly be distinguished from [[ὅσος]], v. supr. 1.2, 5, infr. IV. ''1'', 3, and 7; and this is still more the case with Ep. <b class="b3">ὅσος τε</b> (cf. [[ὅστε]]), Od.10.113, al.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Adverbial usages of [[ὅσον]] and [[ὅσα]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[so far as]], [[so much as]], οὐ μέντοι ἐγὼ τόσον αἴτιός εἰμι, ὅσσον οἱ ἄλλοι Il.21.371: c. inf., <b class="b3">ὅσον αὔξειν ἢ καθαιρεῖν</b> [[so far as]] to... Arist.''Rh.''1376a34 : in parenthesis, c. inf., <b class="b3">ὅσον γέ μ' εἰδέναι</b> [[as far as]] I know, Ar.''Nu.''1252, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''145a, cf. D.H.2.59; so <b class="b3">μακραίων γ', ὅσ' ἀπεικάσαι</b> cj. in S.''OC'' 152 (lyr.); ὅσον ἐς Ἑλλάδα γλῶσσαν ἀπὸ Λατίνης μεταβαλεῖν App. ''BC''4.11 : but more freq. c. ind., ὅσσον ἔγωγε γιγνώσκω Il.13.222, cf. 20.360; so ὅσονπερ ἂν σθένω S.''El.''946; ὅσα γε . . ἦν εἰκάσαι Th.8.46; ὅσον δυνατόν Pl.''Smp.''196d, etc.; <b class="b3">ὅσον καθ' ἕν' ἄνδρα</b> [[so far as]] was in one man's [[power]], D.18.153; ὅσον τὸ σὸν μέρος [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1509: c. gen., ὅσον γε δυνάμεως παρ' ἐμοί ἐστι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''422c, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1239; also [[ὅσα]] ἐγὼ μέμνημαι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.21; οἱ πατέρες, ὅσα ἄνθρωποι, οὐκ ἀμαθεῖς ἔσονται Pl.''R.''467c; <b class="b3">ὅσα γε τἀνθρώπεια</b> [[humanly]] [[speaking]], Id.''Cri.'' 47a.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[how far]], [[how much]], ἴστε γὰρ ὅσσον ἐμοὶ ἀρετῇ περιβάλλετον ἵπποι Il.23.276; μαθήσεται ὅσον τό τ' [[ἄρχειν]] καὶ τὸ [[δουλεύειν]] [[δίχα]] A. ''Pr.''927 : with Adjs., [[how]], [[ὅσον]] or <b class="b3">ὅσσον . . μέγ' ὄνειαρ</b>, Hes.''Op.''41,346; ὅσ' ἤπειρος πολλὰ τρέφει Id.''Th.''582.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[only so far as]], [[only just]], ὅσον ἐς Σκαιάς τε πύλας καὶ φηγὸν ἵκανεν Il.9.354; ὅσον ἐκ Φοινίκης ἐς Κρήτην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.45; φιλοσοφίας, ὅσον παιδείας χάριν, μετέχειν Pl.''Grg.'' 485a, cf. ''R.''403d; οὐδὲν ἡδέως ποιεῖ γὰρ οὗτος, ἀλλ' ὅσον νόμου χάριν Diph.43.14, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1076a27, al.; <b class="b3">ὅσον καὶ ἀπὸ βοῆς ἕνεκα</b> [[ὠργίζετο]], opp. <b class="b3">τῷ ἀληθεῖ ἐχαλέπαινον</b>, Th.8.92 : so, more fully, ὅσον μοῦνον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.20, cf. Th.6.105, Pl.''R.''607a, etc.; or μόνον ὅσον Id.''Lg.'' 778c; ἐγὼ μέν μιν οὐκ εἶδον εἰ μὴ ὅσον γραφῇ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.73, cf. X.''An.''7.3.20; σιτάρια μικρὰ προσφέρων οἴνου θ' ὅσον ὀσμήν Philem.98.3; <b class="b3">τί οὐκ ἀπεκοιμήθημεν ὅ. ὅ. στίλην</b>; Ar.''V.''213; ἢ ὅσον ὅσσον στιγμή ''AP''7.472 (Leon.), cf. 5.254 (Paul. Sil.); ἐπαναγαγεῖν ὅ. ὅ. ''Ev.Luc.''5.3 (cod. D, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ὀλίγον]]); <b class="b3">ὅσον· ὀλίγον, ὅσον ὅσον δέ, ὀλίγον ὀλίγον</b>, [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]; <b class="b3">παρ' ὅσον ἧττον</b> [[a little]] less, D.T.631.17 (= <b class="b3">παρ' ὀλίγον ἧττον</b>, Sch.); [[οὐδ' ὅσον]] = [[not even]], οὐδ' ὅσον ἀττάραγόν τυ δεδοίκαμες Call.''Epigr.''47.9: abs., [[not the least mite]], Id.''Ap.''37, A.R.2.181,190; οὐδέ περ ὅσσον Id.3.519; οὐδ' ὅσον ὅσσον Philet.7; cf. IV. 5.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of size or distance, [[ὅσον τε]] = [[about]], [[nearly]], <b class="b3">ὅσον τ' ὄργυιαν, ὅσον τε πυγούσιον</b>, Od.9.325, 10.517; ὅσον τ' ἐπὶ ἥμισυ 13.114, cf. Il.10.351; ὅσον τε δέκα στάδια [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.57; ξύλα ὅσον τε διπήχεα Id.2.96, cf.78; so ὅσονπερ τρία στάδια Id.9.51; in Att. [[ὅσον]] alone, ὅσον δύο πλέθρα Th.7.38; ὅσον δύ' ἢ τρία στάδια [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''229c; ὅσον παρασάγγην [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.3.28; so of other measurements, ὅσον τριχοίνικον ἄρτον Id.''An.''7.3.23.<br><span class="bld">4</span> with Adjs. of Quality or Degree, mostly with Comp., αἴθ', ὅσον ἥσσων εἰμί, τόσον σέο φέρτερος εἴην Il.16.722, cf. 1.186; <b class="b3">ὅσσον βασιλεύτερός εἰμι</b> [[so far as]], [[inasmuch as]] I am a [[greater]] [[king]], 9.160 : and with Sup., γνώσετ'... ὅσον εἰμὶ θεῶν κάρτιστος 8.17, cf. 1.516, etc.: with Advs., ὅσον τάχιστα A.''Ch.''772, S.''Ant.''1103, ''El.''1433; ὅσον μάλιστα [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]'' 524; ὅσα ἐδύνατο μ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.185.<br><span class="bld">5</span> with negs., [[ὅσον οὐ]] or [[ὁσονού]] [[just not]], [[all but]] (cf. IV. 2), Th.1.36,5.59, etc.; [[ὅσον οὐκ ἤδη]] = [[almost]] [[immediately]], E.''Hec.''141 (anap.), Th.8.96; later ὅσον ἤδη Plb.2.4.4, 8.34.8; ὅσον οὔπω E.''Ba.''1076, Th.4.125,6.34: <b class="b3">ὅσον οὐδέπω</b> with fut., [[presently]], [[in a minute]], Nicom.''Ar.''1.8, Hld.2.31, al.<br><span class="bld">b</span> οὐχ ὅσον οὐκ ἠμύναντο, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐσώθησαν [[not only not]]... [[but not even]], Th.4.62.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[ὅσον μή]] = [[so far as not]], [[save]] or [[except so far as]], <b class="b3">καλός τε κἀγαθὸς τὴν φύσιν, ὅσον μὴ ὑβριστής</b> (sic leg.) Pl.''Euthd.''273a; <b class="b3">ὅσον γ' ἂν αὐτὸς μὴ ποτιψαύων</b> [[so far as I can]] without [[touching]]... S.''Tr.''1214; ὅσον μὴ χερσὶ καίνων Id.''OT''347; ὅσα μή Th.1.111,4.16: sometimes with a finite Verb, πείθεσθαι... ὅσον ἂν μὴ ἀνάγκη ᾖ X.''Oec.''21.4, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 83a; cf. [[ὅ]] τι ''ΙΙ''.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[ὁσονοῦν]], Ion. [[ὁσονῶν]], [[ever so little]], εἰ τοίνυν ἐχιόνιζε καὶ ὁσονῶν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.22; so ἐφ' ὁσονοῦν Thphr.''HP''6.7.5, Iamb.''in Nic.'' p.14 P.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[ὅσα]] and [[ὅσαπερ]], just like [[ὡς]], [[ὥσπερ]], [[as]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.5.12, Luc.''VH''1.24, etc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[ὅσῳ]], [[ὅσῳπερ]], [[by how much]], freq. with Comp., ὅσῳ πλέον ἥμισυ παντός Hes.''Op.''40; ὅσῳ κρείττω Ar.''Fr.''488.3; ὅσῳ ἂν πλεονάκις εἰσίῃς [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.3.14: with Sup., διέδεξε, ὅσῳ ἐστὶ τοῦτο ἄριστον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.82, cf. S.''Ant.''59, 1050.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ὅσῳ]] with Comp. when followed by another Comp. with [[τοσούτῳ]], [[the more]]... [[so much the more]]... [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.5.80; ὅ. μᾶλλον πιστεύω, τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον ἀπορῶ Pl.''R.'' 368b : with [[τοσούτῳ]] omitted, Ar.''Nu.''1419, S.''OC''792 : sometimes a Sup. replaces the Comp., ὅσῳ μάλιστα ἐλεύθεροι... τοσούτῳ καὶ θρασύτατα Th.8.84, cf. Lys.7.39; [[ὅσῳ]] alone, <b class="b3">ἑωυτοὺς δὲ γενέσθαι τοσούτῳ... ἀμείνονας, ὅσῳ</b> . . [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.137, cf. 5.49, 8.13; νιν τῶνδε πλεῖστον ᾤκτισα... ὅσῳπερ καὶ φρονεῖν οἶδεν μόνη S.''Tr.''313, cf. ''OC''743.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[ἐς ὅσον]], [[ἐφ' ὅσον]], [[καθ' ὅσον]] are freq. used much like [[ὅσον]], εἰς ὅσον σθένω Id.''Ph.'' 1403 (troch.); ἐφ' ὅσον ἐδύνατο Th.1.4; εἰς ὅσον δύνανται Pl.''R.''607a; καθ' ὅσον δυνατόν Id.''Ti.''51b; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὅσον ἐστὶν δυνατός</b> [[as far as he can]], ''IG''22.903.11 (ii B.C.); later of [[time]], ἐς ὅσον δύναμίς μοι ὑπῆρχεν [[as long as]] .. POxy.899.8 (ii/iii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὅσον περιῆσαν</b> [[as long as]] they lived, Mitteis ''Chr.''31i23 (ii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἐν ὅσῳ]] = [[while]], Ar.''Pax''943 (lyr.), Th.8.87.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> no Adv. [[ὅσως]] occurs.