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λίθος: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.f. (on gender cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 and n. 6, Shipp Studies 76)<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">stone, stoneblock, rock, precious stones</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λιθο-βόλος</b> m. <b class="b2">stone-thrower</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">μονό-λιθος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of one stone</b> (Hdt.).<br />Derivatives: Several derivv. 1. Diminut.: <b class="b3">λιθ-ίδιον</b> (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (Thphr., hell. inscr.), <b class="b3">-αρίδιον</b> (Alex. Trall.). 2. collectives: <b class="b3">λιθάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">rain of stones, throw ..</b> (Od., A., Nic.; Chantraine Form. 352), <b class="b3">λιθία</b> [[rock]] (hell.; cf. Chantraine 81). 3. <b class="b3">λίθαξ</b> f. [[stone]] (ε 415 [attributive], hell. poetry), <b class="b3">λιθακός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Stesich.; Chantraine 384), <b class="b3">λιθίς</b> = <b class="b3">λιθίασις</b> (s. below; Hp.). - 4. Adject.: <b class="b3">λίθεος</b> (Hom.), <b class="b3">λίθιος</b> (Thess.), <b class="b3">-ειος</b> (sch.) <b class="b2">of stone</b>; <b class="b3">λίθινος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi., IA.), <b class="b3">λιθικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to (a) stone</b> (hell.). <b class="b3">λιθώδης</b> [[stonelike]], [[stony]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">λιθωδία</b> (Eust.). - 5. Verbs: <b class="b3">λιθάζω</b> <b class="b2">throw with stones, lapidate</b> (Arist., Anaxandr.) with <b class="b3">λιθασ-μός</b>, <b class="b3">-τής</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (A. D., sch.); <b class="b3">λιθόομαι</b> <b class="b2">be changed into stone</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λίθωσις</b> (Aristeas, Plu.); <b class="b3">λιθιάω</b> (<b class="b3">-θάω</b>) <b class="b2">suffer from the stone</b> (Hp.; after the verbs of disease in <b class="b3">-ιάω</b>, Schwyzer 732) with <b class="b3">λιθίασις</b> (Hp., Gal.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong or quite improbable hypotheses mentioned in Bq, WP. 2, 379 and W.-Hofmann s. [[laedō]]. After Grošelj Živa Ant. 5, 111 f. to <b class="b3">λεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">λιτός</b> etc. with <b class="b3">θ-</b>suffix; comparable Scheftelowitz Festgabe H. Jacobi (Bonn 1926) 28: to Lith. <b class="b2">slidùs</b> [[smooth]]. Words for [[stone]] etc. are often taken from a substratum. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.f. (on gender cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 and n. 6, Shipp Studies 76)<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">stone, stoneblock, rock, precious stones</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λιθο-βόλος</b> m. <b class="b2">stone-thrower</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">μονό-λιθος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of one stone</b> (Hdt.).<br />Derivatives: Several derivv. 1. Diminut.: <b class="b3">λιθ-ίδιον</b> (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (Thphr., hell. inscr.), <b class="b3">-αρίδιον</b> (Alex. Trall.). 2. collectives: <b class="b3">λιθάς</b>, <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">rain of stones, throw ..</b> (Od., A., Nic.; Chantraine Form. 352), <b class="b3">λιθία</b> [[rock]] (hell.; cf. Chantraine 81). 3. <b class="b3">λίθαξ</b> f. [[stone]] (ε 415 [attributive], hell. poetry), <b class="b3">λιθακός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Stesich.; Chantraine 384), <b class="b3">λιθίς</b> = <b class="b3">λιθίασις</b> (s. below; Hp.). - 4. Adject.: <b class="b3">λίθεος</b> (Hom.), <b class="b3">λίθιος</b> (Thess.), <b class="b3">-ειος</b> (sch.) <b class="b2">of stone</b>; <b class="b3">λίθινος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi., IA.), <b class="b3">λιθικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to (a) stone</b> (hell.). <b class="b3">λιθώδης</b> [[stonelike]], [[stony]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">λιθωδία</b> (Eust.). - 5. Verbs: <b class="b3">λιθάζω</b> <b class="b2">throw with stones, lapidate</b> (Arist., Anaxandr.) with <b class="b3">λιθασ-μός</b>, <b class="b3">-τής</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (A. D., sch.); <b class="b3">λιθόομαι</b> <b class="b2">be changed into stone</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λίθωσις</b> (Aristeas, Plu.); <b class="b3">λιθιάω</b> (<b class="b3">-θάω</b>) <b class="b2">suffer from the stone</b> (Hp.; after the verbs of disease in <b class="b3">-ιάω</b>, Schwyzer 732) with <b class="b3">λιθίασις</b> (Hp., Gal.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong or quite improbable hypotheses mentioned in Bq, WP. 2, 379 and W.-Hofmann s. [[laedō]]. After Grošelj Živa Ant. 5, 111 f. to <b class="b3">λεῖος</b>, <b class="b3">λιτός</b> etc. with <b class="b3">θ-</b>suffix; comparable Scheftelowitz Festgabe H. Jacobi (Bonn 1926) 28: to Lith. <b class="b2">slidùs</b> [[smooth]]. Words for [[stone]] etc. are often taken from a substratum. | ||
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{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=!λί˘θος, ου,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> a [[stone]], Hom., etc.: a [[precious]] [[stone]], Hdt.: [[marble]], Hdt.:—[[proverb]]., λίθον ἕψειν to [[boil]] a [[stone]], i. e. "to [[lose]] one's [[labour]]," Ar.;— of [[stupidity]], λίθοι blocks, stones, Ar.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[stone]] as a [[substance]], opp. to [[wood]], [[flesh]], etc, Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> also fem., Hom., Theocr.;—but the fem. was [[mostly]] used of [[some]] [[special]] [[stone]], as the [[magnet]], Eur., Plat.; of a touchstone, Plat.; ἡ διαφανὴς λ. a [[piece]] of [[crystal]] used for a [[burning]] [[glass]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> at [[Athens]], [[λίθος]] (masc.) was a [[name]] for [[various]] blocks of [[stone]] used for [[rostra]] or tribunes, as,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> the Bema of the [[Pnyx]], Ar.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[another]] in the [[ἀγορά]] used by the κήρυκες, Plut.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> an [[altar]] in the [[ἀγορά]], Dem.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> a [[piece]] on a draughtboard, Theocr. | |||
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