κελαινός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[black]], [[dark]], freq. in Hom., αἷμα <span class="bibl">Il.1.303</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.441</span>; νύξ <span class="bibl">Il.5.310</span>, etc.; κῦμα <span class="bibl">9.6</span>; λαῖλαψ <span class="bibl">11.747</span>; χθών <span class="bibl">16.384</span>; δέρμα <span class="bibl">6.117</span>; ἦτορ <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>429</span>: ὄμβρος <span class="bibl">Emp.111.6</span>; <b class="b3">κ. φῦλον</b> a [[swarthy]] race, of the Ethiopians, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>808</span>; <b class="b3">Ἔπαφος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">851</span>; <b class="b3">ξίφη, λόγχα</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>231</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>856</span> (both lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>628</span> (troch., prob. from the colour of the metal rather than <b class="b2">black with blood-stains</b>); of things on which the sun does not shine, esp. of the nether world, [[dark]], [[murky]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>433</span> (lyr.); Ἐρινύες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>462</span> (lyr.); Στύξ Lyc.706; <b class="b3">κ. θῖνα</b>, of the bottom of the sea, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>590</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">λύει κ. βλέφαρα</b> suffers her eyes to close <b class="b2">in darkness</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1302</span>: [[great]], [[mighty]], δίψα Lyc.1425. (Cf. Skt. <b class="b2">kala[ndot ]kas</b> 'spot': <b class="b3">κηλίς</b> may be cogn.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[black]], [[dark]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member e. g. (with haplology) in <b class="b3">κελαι(νο)-νεφής</b> <b class="b2">with black clouds</b>, of <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b> (Hom., Pi.); also of <b class="b3">αἷμα</b> (Hom.), of <b class="b3">πεδίον</b>, <b class="b3">σκότος</b> (Pi.), for the explanation Leumann Hom. Wörter 202ff.<br />Derivatives: Denomin. verbs: <b class="b3">κελαινόομαι</b> <b class="b2">get dark</b> (A. Ch. >413, lyr.), <b class="b3">κελαινιάω</b> <b class="b2">be black</b> (Opp., Nonn.; after the verbs of disease in <b class="b3">-ιάω</b>, Schwyzer 732).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown], PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Morphologically isolated and therefore difficult to assess. For the ending cf. <b class="b3">περκνός</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρεμνός</b> a. o., but <b class="b3">κελαι-</b> remains unclear. If one assumes a <b class="b3">ιο-</b>suffix (with metathesis) we arrive at an <b class="b2">n-</b>stem, which may be found in Lat. <b class="b2">colum-ba</b> [[dove]] (after the colour), Prellwitz BB 22, 102f. (Skt. <b class="b2">kalaṅka-</b> m. [[spot]], [[dirt]] is prob. of Dravidian origin (Mayrhofer KEWA. s. v.). - Further s. <b class="b3">κηλίς</b>. - One might think of a Pre-Greek <b class="b2">*kelany-o-</b>, with palatalized [[n]].