μῆκος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. μᾶκος <span class="bibl">Archyt.1</span>: εος, τό:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[length]], of a club, <b class="b3">τόσσον ἔην μῆκος, τόσσον πάχος</b> so large was it [[in length]], so large in thickness, <span class="bibl">Od. 9.324</span>; φιλότης ἴση μ. τε πλάτος τε <span class="bibl">Emp.17.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.181</span>, etc.; ἐς μῆκος <span class="bibl">Id.2.155</span>; εἰς τὸ μῆκος <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>12.6</span>; ἐν μήκει καὶ πλάτει καὶ βάθει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>235d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Gorg.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>209a5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μῆκος</b> [[lengthwise]], ἐπὶ μ. ἔκτασις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>504a15</span>, al.; κατὰ μῆκος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mete.</span>387a2</span>; μ. ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 378</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.72</span>, etc.; πλοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.6.34</span>; <b class="b3">μᾶκος ἔδικε</b> threw [[a long distance]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).72</span>: pl., μήκη καὶ βάθη καὶ πλάτη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>284e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.Math.</span>26</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μεγάλα μ</b>. great [[lengths]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>356d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[height]], of a wall, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1130</span>; of persons, [[stature]], <span class="bibl">Od.20.71</span>; <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> [[in height]], <span class="bibl">11.312</span>; εἰς μ. αὐξάνεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>2.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> generally, <b class="b3">μήκει</b> [[in linear measurement]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>147d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">148a</span>; <b class="b2">linearity, one-dimensional magnitude</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐπίπεδον, βάθος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>817e</span>: in Arith., <b class="b2">in the first power</b>, Theol.Ar.3,4. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Time, μ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1020</span>; ἐν μ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>69</span>; ἐν χρόνου τινὸς μήκεσιν ἀπλέτοις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>683a</span>; <b class="b3">μ. λόγου, μ. τῶν λόγων</b>, a [[long]] speech, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>201</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1139</span>; ἐν μήκει λόγων διελθεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.4.62</span>; <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> [[at length]], εἰπέ μοι μὴ μ., ἀλλὰ σύντομα <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>446</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of Size or Degree, [[greatness]], [[magnitude]], ὄλβου <span class="bibl">Emp. 119</span>; <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> [[in greatness]], ἔοικεν ἄλλῃ μ. οὐδὲν ἡδονῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>393</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> [[longitude]], <span class="bibl">Str.1.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Cleom.2.1</span>, Ptol.<span class="title">Alm.</span>2.12, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.260.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> in Prosody, [[length]], opp. <b class="b3">βραχύτης</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1456b32</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>15</span>: pl., μήκη καὶ βραχύτητας προσῆπτε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>400b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">first line of phalanx</b>, Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>2.5. (From same Root as <b class="b3">μακρός</b>. Hence <b class="b3">μήκιστος</b>, Sup. of <b class="b3">μακρός</b>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[length]] (Od.).<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">μᾶκος</b> (Archyt.)<br />Compounds: Often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">περι-μήκης</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-μάκης</b> <b class="b2">very long, very high</b> (Il), with expressive enlargement <b class="b3">περιμήκ-ετος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hom., Arat.), after <b class="b3">πάχετος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀριδείκετος</b>, <b class="b3">ἀμαιμάκετος</b> a. o. (Schwyzer 501, Seiler Steigerungsformen 75).<br />Derivatives: Beside <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> the sup. <b class="b3">μήκιστος</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">μάκιστος</b> [[longest]], [[highest]], [[greatest]] (Il.) with <b class="b3">Μηκιστεύς</b> PN (Il.; Boßhardt 93 f.) beside the comp. <b class="b3">μάσσων</b>, <b class="b3">μᾶσσον</b> (θ 203 etc.; after <b class="b3">ἆσσον</b>); to <b class="b3">μακρός</b> (s.v.) after <b class="b3">ἐλάσσων</b>, <b class="b3">πάσσων</b>, <b class="b3">θάσσων</b>; besides the secondary <b class="b3">μακρό- τατος</b>, <b class="b3">-τερος</b>. -- Old denominative <b class="b3">μηκύνω</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">μακύνω</b>, rarely w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, [[lengten]], [[stretch out]] (Pi., IA.) with the rare a. late prosodic terms <b class="b3">μήκ-υνσις</b> (Sch.), <b class="b3">-υσμός</b> (Eust.) [[lengthening]], <b class="b3">-υντικός</b> <b class="b2">which can be lengthened</b> (A. D.). Further derivations, also rare a. late: <b class="b3">μηκεδανός</b> [[long]] (AP, Nonn.), for <b class="b3">μακεδνός</b> after <b class="b3">ἠπεδανός</b> a. o. (Risch $38, Specht Ursprung 199); <b class="b3">μηκ-ικός</b> [[regarding the length]] (Procl.), <b class="b3">-όθεν</b> [[from afar]] (Aesop., Paul. Aeg.), <b class="b3">-ότης</b> f. [[length]] (Gal.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [699] <b class="b2">*meh₂ḱ-os</b>, <b class="b2">mh₂ḱros</b> [[long]], [[length]].<br />Etymology: Over against <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> stands with short vowel Av. <b class="b2">masah-</b> n. [[length]], [[greatness]]; thus against <b class="b3">μήκιστος</b> Av. <b class="b2">masišta-</b>, OP <b class="b2">maθišta-</b> (like comp. <b class="b2">masyå</b>, pos. <b class="b2">mas-</b>). Also elsewhere we find short vowels, not only in inherited and with the <b class="b2">s-</b>stem alternating <b class="b2">r-</b>stem <b class="b3">μακρός</b> (s. v.), but also in Lat. [[maciēs]] [[leanness]], [[maceō]] [[be lean]] and in Hitt. <b class="b2">mak-l-ant-</b> [[lean]]. As full grade formation, however, <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> agrees with the great majority of old <b class="b2">s-</b>stems (s. e.g. Schwyzer 511 f.). -- WP. 2, 223- Pok. 699- W.-Hofmann s. [[macer]] ; on <b class="b3">μήκιστος</b>, <b class="b3">μάσσων</b> Schwyzer 538, Seiler Steigerungsformen 74ff. a. 21 f. So for <b class="b3">μῆκος</b> we posit <b class="b2">*meh₂k-</b>, but this does not explain Av. <b class="b2">masah-</b>, and <b class="b3">μακρός</b> only if <b class="b2">mh₂ḱ-ro-</b> would give <b class="b3">μακρο-</b>; cf. on <b class="b3">μέτρον</b>.