σκόλοψ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=οπος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">anything pointed</b>: esp. [[pale]], [[stake]], κεφαλὴν πῆξαι ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.177</span>; for impaling, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1430</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>898</span>; ἐπὶ σκόλοψι ἀναρτᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">D.S.33.15</span>: pl. <b class="b3">σκόλοπες</b>, [[palisade]], τείχεα . . σκολόπεσσιν ἀρηρότα <span class="bibl">Od.7.45</span>; freq. in Il., ἐν δὲ [τάφρῳ] σκόλοπας κατέπηξαν <span class="bibl">7.441</span>; διά τε σκόλοπας καὶ τάφρον ἔβησαν <span class="bibl">8.343</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.63</span>, <span class="bibl">15.344</span>; σκόλοπας περὶ τὸ ἕρκος κατέπηξαν <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.97</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>116</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>5.2.5</span> (Att. usually <b class="b3">σταύρωμα</b>). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[thorn]], IG42(1).121.92 (Epid., iv B.C.), <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Nu.</span>33.55</span>, al., Dsc.4.49, <span class="bibl">Babr.122</span>; σκόλοπες φοίνικος <span class="title">PMag.Osl.</span>1.270, al., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>12.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[an instrument for operating on the urethra]], Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.50.9.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">point of a fishing-hook</b>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Merc.Cond.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[tree]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>983</span> (lyr.).</span>

|etymtx=-οπος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[pointed pole]], [[palisade]], [[prickle]] (ep. ion. poet. Il., hell. a. late prose; Att. <b class="b3">χάραξ</b>, <b class="b3">σταυρός</b>, <b class="b3">-ωμα</b>).<br />Other forms: Also <b class="b3">σκόλοφρον θρανίον</b> H. (after <b class="b3">δίφρος</b>?); cf. <b class="b3">σκόλυθρον</b>.<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">σκολόπ-ιον</b> n. (Antyll. ap. Orib.), <b class="b3">-ηὶς μοῖρα</b> [[the destiny of being impaled]] (Man.; after <b class="b3">βασιλ-ηΐς</b> a.o.); <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">provide with σ.</b> (Stad.) wit <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. <b class="b2">the impaling, the spearing</b> (Vett. Val.); often with <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b> <b class="b2">to stick on a pole, to impale</b> (Hdt. a. o.) with <b class="b3">-ισις</b> f. (sch., Eust.), <b class="b3">ἀπο</b> σκόλοψ [[to remove the poles]] (Aq.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Finally to the great family of [[σκάλλω]] (s. v.). As the labial can belong to the stem, <b class="b3">σκόλοψ</b> can first be connected with Lat. [[scalpō]] <b class="b2">scratch, cut with a sharp instrument etc.</b>; to this may be joined several words with varying meaning, partly also with varying form, e.g. OHG [[scelifa]] <b class="b2">membranous shell</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">sklem̃pti</b>, <b class="b2">sklem̃bti</b> <b class="b2">plane smooth, cut oblique, sprinkle</b> etc., s. Bq s. <b class="b3">σκάλοψ</b>, WP. 2, 595, Pok. 926, W.-Hofmann s. [[scalpō]]. The dissillabicity of <b class="b3">σκόλοψ</b> is rather due to adaptation to the nouns in <b class="b3">-οψ</b> (a sequence <b class="b3">*-ολψ</b> or <b class="b3">*-ορψ</b> is unknown in Greek) than with Bechtel Lex. s. v. to a disyllabic root form [?] -- Beside <b class="b3">σκόλοψ</b> stands in quite different meaning <b class="b3">σκάλοψ</b>, <b class="b3">-οπος</b> m. [[mole]] (Ar. Ach. 879; also Cratin. 93 [<b class="b3">-ωψ</b>]) with <b class="b3">σκαλοπία</b> f. <b class="b2">mole-track</b> (Thphr. HP 7, 12, 3; tradit.. <b class="b3">σκολ-</b>, s. Scheller Oxytonierung 47 f.), clearly from <b class="b3">σκάλλω</b> with the in animal-names usual <b class="b3">οπ-</b>suffix (final); we may have to do with a folketym. justification of untransparent <b class="b3">σπάλαξ</b> (s. [[ἀσπάλαξ]] with a quite hypothetic etym.); s. Grégoire Byzantion 32, 32ff. -- As the variant with <b class="b3">-φρ-</b> shows, we have to do with a Pre-Greek word (influence of <b class="b3">δίφρος</b> is far-fatched); cf. Furnée 107. Words for [[pole]] etc. are often taken over from a substrate language. (Not in Furnée.)