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πταίω: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=ptaio | |Transliteration C=ptaio | ||
|Beta Code=ptai/w | |Beta Code=ptai/w | ||
|Definition=<span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>, etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> πταίσω <span class="bibl">D.2.20</span>: aor. ἔπταισα <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.101</span>, etc.: pf. ἔπταικα <span class="bibl">Men.675</span>, <span class="bibl">Bato 1</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.48.4</span>, (προσ-) <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.82</span>:— Pass., v. infr.1: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> trans., | |Definition=<span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>, etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> πταίσω <span class="bibl">D.2.20</span>: aor. ἔπταισα <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.101</span>, etc.: pf. ἔπταικα <span class="bibl">Men.675</span>, <span class="bibl">Bato 1</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.48.4</span>, (προσ-) <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.82</span>:— Pass., v. infr.1: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> trans., [[cause to stumble]] or [[fall]], σύνθεσιν ποτὶ ψεύδει <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>205</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>4.3</span>:—Pass., [[to be missed]], of things, <span class="bibl">Ael. <span class="title">NA</span>2.15</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ πταισθέντα</b> [[failures]], [[errors]], <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Demon.</span>7</span>; <b class="b3">ἃ ἐπταίσθη</b> his [[failures]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Dion.Brut.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> intr., [[stumble]], [[trip]], [[fall]], <b class="b3">π. πρός τινι</b> <b class="b2">stumble against, fall over</b>, π., ὥσπερ πρὸς ἕρματι, πρὸς τῇ πόλει <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>553b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>926</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.7.26</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς τὰς πέτρας</b> cj. in <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>4.2.3</span>; prov., μὴ δὶς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν λίθον πταίειν <span class="bibl">Plb.31.11.5</span>; also <b class="b3">π. περί τινι, μὴ περὶ Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς</b> lest Hellas [[should get a fall]] over him, i.e. be defeated by him, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.101</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[make a false step]] or [[mistake]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>, <span class="bibl">D.2.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.672</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐὰν πταίωσί τι</b> when [[they make a blunder]], of medical men, <span class="bibl">Philem.75.5</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἐλάττω, ἐλάχιστα, τὰ πλείω π</b>., <span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">4.18</span>, <span class="bibl">6.33</span>; ἔν τισι <span class="bibl">D. 18.286</span>; λογισμοῖς <span class="bibl">Men.380</span>; <b class="b3">τῇ μάχῃ, τοῖς ὅλοις, τοῖς πράγμασι</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Plb.18.14.13</span>, <span class="bibl">3.48.4</span>, <span class="bibl">1.10.1</span>, etc.; ἀψευδὴς ὢν καὶ μὴ π. τῇ διανοίᾳ περὶ τὰ ὄντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>160d</span>; also π. ὑπ' ἀνάγκας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>215</span> (lyr.); ὑπό τινος π. τῇ πατρίδι <span class="bibl">Plb.5.93.2</span>; ἐκ τύχης <span class="bibl">Id.2.7.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">π. τῆς ἐλπίδος</b> <b class="b2">to be baulked of . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdn.8.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἡ γλῶττα π</b>. [[stutters]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>875b19</span>.</span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck</b> (IA.); rarely trans. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to nudge, to crash into, to stumble, to err, to have bad luck</b> (IA.); rarely trans. [[to knock over]] (Pi. fr. 205, LXX).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">πταῖσαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">πταίσω</b>, also perf. (Youngatt., hell.) <b class="b3">ἔπταικα</b>, pass. (late) <b class="b3">πταισθῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔπταισμαι</b>.<br />Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">προσ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πταῖσμα</b> (<b class="b3">πρόσ-</b> πταίω) n. [[push]], [[fault]], [[misfortune]], [[defeat]] (IA., Thgn.), <b class="b3">πρόσπταισις</b> f. [[push]], [[stumble]], [[collision]] (D. H.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Expressive word without clear etymology. A general similarity show <b class="b3">παίω</b>, <b class="b3">ῥαίω</b>, also <b class="b3">-κναίω</b> a.o., which may have influenced the formation of <b class="b3">πταίω</b>; on the anlaut cf. <b class="b3">πτίσσω</b>, <b class="b3">πτήσσω</b>. After Merlingen <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 55 through metathesis <b class="b2">pt-</b> from <b class="b2">tp-</b> as zero grade of OCS <b class="b2">tepù</b> [[beat]] etc.; pricipally to be considered. Against connection with <b class="b3">πέτομαι</b> (Persson Beitr. 2, 825; s. Bq) rightly WP. 2, 21. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek. | ||
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