χράω: Difference between revisions

|Definition="(A), used in Ep. only in aor. 2, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[fall upon]], [[attack]], [[assail]], c. dat. pers., στυγερὸς δέ οἱ ἔχραε δαίμων <span class="bibl">Od.5.396</span>; τίς τοι κακὸς ἔχραε δαίμων; <span class="bibl">10.64</span>; so ἠϊθέοις οὐκ ἔστι τόσος πόνος, ὁππόσος ἡμῖν . . ἔχραε <span class="title">AP</span>5.296 (Agath.): cf. [[ἐπιχράω]] (B). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. acc. rei, [[inflict]] upon a person, κακὸν δέ οἱ ἔχραε κοῖτον <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>315</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">conceive a desire</b> to... <b class="b3">τίπτε σὸς υἱὸς ἐμὸν ῥόον ἔχραε κήδειν ἐξ ἄλλων;</b> why <b class="b2">did he want</b> (or <b class="b2">needed he</b>) to vex my stream of all others? <span class="bibl">Il.21.369</span>; <b class="b3">μνηστῆρες... οἳ τόδε δῶμα ἐχράετ' ἐσθιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν</b> ye suitors... who <b class="b2">have become so eager</b> to... <span class="bibl">Od.21.69</span>. (For signfs. <span class="bibl">1</span>, <span class="bibl">11</span>, cf. [[ζαχρηής]]; for <span class="bibl">111</span> perh. cf. <b class="b3">χρή, κέχρημαι</b> (<b class="b3">χράω</b> (B) C), <b class="b3">χρῇ, χρῇς</b>.) </span><br />(B). A. FORMS: contr. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> χρ? <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>35</span>, Ion. χρ? <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.62</span>(also <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMort.</span>3.2</span>); inf. χρ?ν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.135</span> (also <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Alex.</span>19</span>); Ion. part. χρέων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>253</span>, fem. χρέωσα <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.111</span>; Ep. χρείων <span class="bibl">Od.8.79</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span> 396</span>: impf. ?χραον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.92</span> (v.l. [[?χρεον]]), <span class="bibl">A.R.2.454</span>; 3sg. ?χρη <span class="bibl">Tyrt.3.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Hermesian.7.89</span>, (?ξ-) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>87</span>: fut. χρήσω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>132</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.19</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1083</span>: aor. ?χρησα <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.156</span>, etc.:—Pass., aor. ?χρήσθην <span class="bibl">Id.1.49</span>, etc.: pf. <b class="b3">κέχρησμαι</b> (v.l. [[κέχρημαι]]) <span class="bibl">Id.4.164</span>, <span class="bibl">7.141</span>: plpf. <b class="b3">?κέχρηστο</b> (v.l. [[?κέχρητο]]) <span class="bibl">Id.2.147</span>, <span class="bibl">151</span>, <span class="bibl">3.64</span>, etc.:—Med., χρ?μαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.126</span>, etc., Ion. χρέομαι Hdt., inf. χρέεσθαι <span class="bibl">1.157</span> (<b class="b3">χρ?σθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">172</span>); part. χρεώμενος <span class="bibl">4.151</span>: impf. 3pl. <b class="b3">?χρέωντο</b> (v.l. [[?χρέοντο]]) <span class="bibl">4.157</span>, <span class="bibl">5.82</span>: fut. χρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Od.10.492</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> in Act. of the gods and their oracles, [[proclaim]], abs., χρείων μυθήσατο Φο?βος <span class="bibl">8.79</span>: χρείων ?κ δάφνης γυάλων ?πο Παρνησο?ο <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>396</span>: c. acc. rei, <b class="b3">χρήσω ?νθρώποισι Δι?ς βουλήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">132</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.807</span>, Pi.l.c., <span class="bibl">Plot.2.9.9</span>; ? Πυθίη ο? χρ? τάδε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.55</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.155</span>; <b class="b3">χρ?σεν ο?κιστ?ρα Βάττον</b> [[proclaimed]] him the colonizer, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.6</span>; also in Trag., ? χρήσας <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Eu.</span>798</span>; χρήσειν ?οικεν ?μφ? τ?ν α?τ?ς κακ?ν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1083</span>; χρ? μοι τοια?θ' ? Φο?βος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>35</span>; σο? δ' ο?κ ?χρησεν ο?δέν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1268</span>; χ. φόνον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>1267</span>: also c. acc. cogn., χ. χρησμόν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>409</span>; ?μν?δίαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ion</span>681</span> (lyr.): c. inf., [[warn]] or <b class="b2">direct by oracle</b>, ?χρησας ?στε τ?ν ξένον μητροκτονε?ν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>202</span>; without <b class="b3">?στε</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">203</span>; <b class="b3">χρήσαντ' ?μο? . . ?κτ?ς α?τίας κακ?ς ε?ναι</b> [[that]] I should be... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1030</span>; c. inf. aor., <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>159</span>: rare in Att. Prose, τάδε ? ?πόλλων ?χρησεν <span class="title">IG</span>12.80.10; τ?ν ?πόλλω ταύτην τ?ν γ?ν χρ?σαι ο?κε?ν <span class="bibl">Th.2.102</span>; το? θεο? χρήσαντος <span class="bibl">Id.5.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Lycurg.99</span>; ?χρησεν ? θεός <span class="title">SIG</span>1044.5 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.); ? θε?ς ?χρησε <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.78 (Epid., iv B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be declared, proclaimed</b> by an oracle, τίς ο?ν ?χρήσθη; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>792</span>; mostly of the <b class="b2">oracle delivered</b>, τ? ?κ Δελφ?ν ο?τω τ? Κροίσ? ?χρήσθη <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.49</span>; τ? χρηστήρια τα?τά σφι ?χρήσθη <span class="bibl">Id.9.94</span>; ?πίως χρησθ?ναι <span class="bibl">Id.7.143</span>; <b class="b3">τ? χρησθέν, τ? χρησθέντα</b>, the [[response]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.63</span>, <span class="bibl">7.178</span>; ?ν Πυθ?νι χρησθ?ν παλαίφατον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.39</span>; πεύθου τ? χρησθέντ' <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 604</span>; <b class="b3">χρησθ?ν α?τ? ?ν Νεμέ? το?το παθε?ν</b> <b class="b2">since it was foretold</b> him <b class="b2">by an oracle</b> that . . <span class="bibl">Th.3.96</span>; <b class="b3">? το?δ' ?χρήσθη σώματος</b> which <b class="b2">were declared</b> about it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>355</span>; τ?ν κεχρησμένον θάνατον <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.164</span> (<b class="b3">-χρημ-</b> codd.); το? κακο? το? κεχρησμένου <span class="bibl">Id.7.141</span> (v.l. [[-χρημ-]]): impers., c. inf., <b class="b3">καί σφι ?χρήσθη ?νέμοισι ε?χεσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">178</span>: c. acc. et inf., ?κέχρηστό σφι . . το?τον βασιλεύσειν <span class="bibl">Id.2.147</span>; c. inf. aor., <span class="bibl">Id.7.220</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Med., of the person to whom the response is given, <b class="b2">consult a god</b> or [[oracle]], c. dat., ψυχ? χρησόμενος Θηβαίου Τειρεσίαο <span class="bibl">Od.10.492</span>,<span class="bibl">565</span>; <b class="b3">χ. θε?, χρηστηρίοισι, μαντηΐ?</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>, <span class="bibl">53</span>, <span class="bibl">157</span>; τ? θε? <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.124</span>; χ. μάντεσι Μούσαις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>724</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Lg.</span>686a</span>; ?σοι μαντικ?ν νομίζοντες ο?ωνο?ς χρ?νται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.3</span>; <b class="b3">χ</b>. <b class="b3">χρηστηρί? ε?</b> . . <b class="b2">inquire at</b> the oracle whether... <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.57</span>: abs., ?πέρβη λάϊνον ο?δ?ν χρησόμενος <span class="bibl">Od.8.81</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>252</span>, <span class="bibl">292</span>; ?πέστειλε ?λλους χρησομένους <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.46</span>; <b class="b3">ο? χρώμενοι</b> the [[consulters]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>957</span>; χρωμέν? ?ν Δελφο?ς <span class="bibl">Th.1.126</span>; also χ. περ? το? πολέμου <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.220</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.85</span>, <span class="bibl">4.150</span>,<span class="bibl">155</span>, etc.; κεχρημένος [[having inquired of an oracle]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1398b33</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">σωφρονε?ν κεχρημένον</b> <b class="b2">being divinely warned</b> to be temperate, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>829</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Marcellin.<span class="title">Vit. Thuc.</span>6</span>: later simply, <b class="b2">receive a divine revelation</b>, <span class="bibl">Plot.5.3.14</span>.—Hom. has the word in this sense only in Od.: the Act. only in pres. part. <b class="b3">χρείων</b> (fut. χρήσω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>132</span>): the Med. only in part. fut. <b class="b3">χρησόμενος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> <b class="b2">furnish with</b> a thing, in which sense the pres. was κίχρημι, <span class="bibl">D.53.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>29</span>; Cret. 3sg. κίγχρητι <span class="title">Inscr.Cret.</span>1 xxiii 3 (Phaestus, ii B. C.); Delph. 3sg. pres. subj. κιχρ? <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 324.17 (iv B. C.): aor. <b class="b3">χρέη</b> ib.13; pres. part. <b class="b3">κιχρέντε</b> ib.adn. (rarely χρηννύναι, χρηννύω, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>5.10</span>, <span class="bibl">10.13</span>: Med., χρηννυόμεθα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span> 304.4</span> (iii B. C.)): fut. χρήσω <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.58</span>: aor. <b class="b3">?χρησα</b> ibid., <span class="bibl">6.89</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Th.</span>219</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.11.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.19.24</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.108.16, etc. (3sg. written ?κχρησεν <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).1350.4 (Thera)); imper. χρ?σον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1159</span>, Pl. Com.205: pf. κέχρηκα <span class="bibl">Men.461</span>, <span class="bibl">598</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.29.21.6</span> ( = <span class="bibl">D.S.31.10</span>): plpf. ?κεχρήκει <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>2.29</span>:—Pass., pf. <b class="b3">κέχρημαι</b> (δια-) <span class="bibl">D.27.11</span>:—Med., pres. κίχρ?μαι Plu.2.534b; inf. κίχρασθαι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>30.20</span>: impf. ?κιχράμην <span class="title">AP</span>9.584.10: aor. <b class="b3">?χρησάμην</b>, imper. χρ?σαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>191</span> (lyr.), etc.:—<b class="b2">furnish the use of</b> a thing, i.e. [[lend]], usu. in a friendly way, <b class="b3">δανείζω</b> being the word applied to usurers (but <b class="b3">χ</b>. = [[δανείζω]] in <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.54</span>), ll. cc.; ο? δεδωκώς, ?λλ? χρήσας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1162b33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>11.3</span>; ? πειρατικ? δύναμις χρήσασα τα?ς βασιλικα?ς ?πηρεσίαις ?αυτήν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>24</span>; χ. τ?ν ?αυτο? σχολήν τισι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phil.</span> 13</span>; <b class="b3">χ. τ?ν χέρα</b>, in the formula of manumission, <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).189, 194 (Tithora):—Med., [[borrow]], τι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>191</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>30.20</span>: abs., χρησαμένη γ?ρ ?νησα κα? ο?κ ?χω ?νταποδο?ναι <span class="bibl">Batr.186</span>; <b class="b3">πόδας χρήσας, ?μματα χρησάμενος</b> having [[lent]] feet and [[borrowed]] eyes, of a blind man carrying a lame one, <span class="title">AP</span>9.13 (Pl.Jun.), cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Demod.</span> 384b</span>, <span class="bibl">384c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> = [[χρηματίζω]] <span class="bibl">111</span>, το? χρέοντος γραμματέως <span class="title">CIG</span>2562.18 (s. v. l., Hierapytna). </span>"